Crown Estate Scotland is a public corporation that manages the buildings, land, coastline, and seabed which make up the assets of the Scottish Crown Estate. These assets are the property of the Monarch, but are managed, on a commercial basis, by Crown Estate Scotland which was established in 2017. The annual revenue surplus from the Scottish Crown Estate is passed to the Scottish Government for public spending. The Scottish Crown Estate comprises virtually all the Scottish seabed out to 12 nautical miles, just under half the foreshore, and four rural estates comprising 37,000 hectares of land.