A Simple Mathematical Model for Estimating Mineral-Alkali Reactions in Alkaline Flooding, Topical Report, January 1987

Record flooding occurred along the Illinois River at the end of December 2015.  Numerous homes and business were damaged.  Officials from the U.S. National Weather Service Office in Tulsa, OK, in conjunction with the Oklahoma Scenic Rivers Commission, toured the flood damaged area.  This story map takes you on a tour of the locations visited by the U.S. National Weather Service.

Development of a Method for Evaluating Carbon Dioxide Miscible Flooding Prospects, Final Report, March 1985

NIPER-552

DOE/MC/03259-15

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Flood Maps including TS Irene for the Winooski in Waterbury

Evacuation areas based upon worst case hurricane surge scenarios for category 1 through 4 hurricanes striking the coast of Rhode Island. Hurricane surge values were developed by the National Hurricane Center using the SLOSH (Sea Lake and Overland Surge from Hurricanes) Model. This Surge Inundation layer was created by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New England District. Using ArcInfo's Grid extension, bare earth elevation data from several sources was subtracted from the worst-case hurricane surge values to determine which areas could be expected to be inundated. This layer was developed to assist emergency management officials in hurricane preparedness and operations. This statewide dataset compiled from county-based datasets originally developed and published by the US Army Corps of Engineers.

Modeling and Optimizing Surfactant Structure to Improve Oil Recovery by Chemical Flooding at the University of Texas DOE/BC/10841-10

DOE/BC/10841-5

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Mobility Control in Oil Recovery by Chemical Flooding State-of-the-Art Review, January 1987

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DOE/BC/10841-15 Modeling and Optimizing Surfactant Structure to Improve Oil Recovery by Chemical Flooding at the University of Texas--Final Report

The Village of Ottawa has seen severe and repetitive flooding. Several federal, state, and local fund have been used to mitigate the affected properties through acquisition/demolition. However one of the problems that has occurred from this method is the abundance of open space. A workshop was held to work with residents to determine the best uses for this space.

A preliminary look at sea level rise and coastal flooding impacts, through nationally consistent data sets and analyses. The data and maps in this tool illustrate the scale of potential flooding, not the exact location, and do not account for erosion, subsidence, or future construction. Water levels are shown as they would appear during the highest high tides (excludes wind driven tides). https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://coast.noaa.gov/slrdata/

Sodium Bicarbonate in Chemical Flooding: Part II, Topical Report, July 1987

Surfactant-Enhanced Bicarbonate Flooding, Final Report, October 1986

Surfactant-enhanced alkaline flooding with weak alkalis The objective of Project BE4B in FY90 was to develop cost-effective and efficient chemical flooding formulations using surfactant-enhanced, lower pH (weak) alkaline chemical systems. Chemical systems were studied that mitigate the deleterious effects of divalent ions. The experiments were conducted with carbonate mixtures and carbonate/phosphate mixtures of pH 10.5, where most of the phosphate ions exist as the monohydrogen phosphate species. Orthophosphate did not further reduce the deleterious effect of divalent ions on interfacial tension behavior in carbonate solutions, where the deleterious effect of the divalent ions is already very low. When added to a carbonate mixture, orthophosphate did substantially reduce the adsorption of an atomic surfactant, which was an expected result; however, there was no correlation between the amount of reduction and the divalent ion levels. For acidic oils, a variety of surfactants are available commercially that have potential for use between pH 8.3 and pH 9.5. Several of these surfactants were tested with oil from Wilmington (CA) field and found to be suitable for use in that field. Two low-acid crude oils, with acid numbers of 0.01 and 0.27 mg KOH/g of oil, were studied. It was shown that surfactant-enhanced alkaline flooding does have merit for use with more »these low-acid crude oils. However, each low-acid oil tested was found to behave differently, and it was concluded that the applicability of the method must be experimentally determined for any given low-acid crude oil. 19 refs., 10 figs. 4 tabs.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) produces Flood Insurance Rate maps and identifies Special Flood Hazard Areas as part of the National Flood Insurance Program's floodplain management. Special Flood Hazard Areas have regulations that include the mandatory purchase of flood insurance.Dataset SummaryPhenomenon Mapped: Flood Hazard AreasCoordinate System: Web Mercator Auxiliary SphereExtent: Contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, US Virgin Islands, Northern Marianas Islands and American Samoa.Visible Scale: The layer is limited to scales of 1:1,000,000 and larger. Use the USA Flood Hazard Areas imagery layer for smaller scales.Source: Federal Emergency Management AgencyPublication Date: October 5, 2022This layer is derived from the October 5, 2022 version of the National Flood Hazard Layer feature class S_Fld_Haz_Ar. The data were aggregated into eight classes to produce the Esri Symbology field based on symbology provided by FEMA. All other layer attributes are derived from the National Flood Hazard Layer. The layer was projected to Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere, then the repair geometry geoprocessing tool was run on it. Its resolution was set to 0.0001 meter.To improve performance Flood Zone values "Area Not Included", "Open Water", "D", "NP", and No Data were removed from the layer. Areas with Flood Zone value "X" subtype "Area of Minimal Flood Hazard" were also removed. An imagery layer created from this dataset provides access to the full set of records in the National Flood Hazard Layer.A web map featuring this layer is available for you to use.What can you do with this Feature Layer?Feature layers work throughout the ArcGIS system. Generally your work flow with feature layers will begin in ArcGIS Online or ArcGIS Pro. Below are just a few of the things you can do with a feature service in Online and Pro.ArcGIS OnlineAdd this layer to a map in the map viewer. The layer is limited to scales of approximately 1:1,000,000 or larger but an imagery layer created from the same data can be used at smaller scales to produce a webmap that displays across the full range of scales. The layer or a map containing it can be used in an application.Change the layer’s transparency and set its visibility rangeOpen the layer’s attribute table and make selections and apply filters. Selections made in the map or table are reflected in the other. Center on selection allows you to zoom to features selected in the map or table and show selected records allows you to view the selected records in the table.Change the layer’s style and filter the data. For example, you could change the symbology field to Special Flood Hazard Area and set a filter for = “T” to create a map of only the special flood hazard areas. Add labels and set their propertiesCustomize the pop-upUse in analysis tools to discover patterns in the dataArcGIS ProAdd this layer to a 2d or 3d map. The same scale limit as Online applies in ProUse as an input to geoprocessing. For example, copy features allows you to select then export portions of the data to a new feature class. Areas up to 1,000-2,000 features can be exported successfully.Change the symbology and the attribute field used to symbolize the dataOpen table and make interactive selections with the mapModify the pop-upsApply Definition Queries to create sub-sets of the layerThis layer is part of the Living Atlas of the World that provides an easy way to explore the landscape layers and many other beautiful and authoritative maps on hundreds of topics.

Web Soil Survey (WSS) provides soil data and information produced by the National Cooperative Soil Survey. It is operated by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and provides access to the largest natural resource information system in the world. NRCS has soil maps and data available online for more than 95 percent of the nation’s counties and anticipates having 100 percent in the near future. The site is updated and maintained online as the single authoritative source of soil survey information.

The National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) is a geospatial database that contains current effective flood hazard data. FEMA provides the flood hazard data to support the National Flood Insurance Program. You can use the information to better understand your level of flood risk and type of flooding.What does 1% Annual Chance mean? A flood that has a 1% chance of happening in any given year, also referred to as the Base Flood or 100-year flood.What is a Base Flood Elevation? The elevation of flood water during a 1% annual chance flood event is the Base Flood Elevation or BFE.  The BFE is height of flood waters meeting the 1% annual chance and is expressed in feet at designated riverine cross sections and coastal transects.To download the current GIS version of the FEMA National Flood Hazard Layer, Please visit the FEMA Map Service Center and use the SEARCH ALL PRODUCTS option, then navigate to your State or County.To learn more, please feel free to contact Jerry Franklin at 360-407-7470 or Jerry.Franklin@ecy.wa.gov.