The Limnological catalogue of Mongolian Lakes is available at http://www.geodata.es/mongolian_lakes/. Mongolia is a vast Central Asian country with the world's most extreme continental climate and notable aridity. Nevertheless, it has a great abundance and variety of lakes, some of which are large enough to be classified among the largest in Eurasia. It also has a considerable network of fast-flowing rivers that ramble undisturbed through spacious alluvial plains. Human intervention is barely detectable, both due to the scant population and its traditional occupations, consisting basically of livestock grazing; this has preserved Mongolian lakes and rivers in a pristine condition up to our times. Since 2005 a Spanish team is prospecting Mongolia attracted by the existence of lakes with great similarities to those in the most arid Iberian territories, lakes which have either disappeared entirely in Iberia or are seriously damaged today. The Water Research Center of the National University of Mongolia, is actively involved in the project. This center is an inter schools unit allowing scientists from different disciplines at national and international institutions work together helping government and communities to manage, protect and restore water ecosystems through holistic research approach. More information on this dataset can be found in the Freshwater Metadatabase - BFE_59 (http://www.freshwatermetadata.eu/metadb/bf_mdb_view.php?entryID=BFE_59).