Dataset for Jesse Rogers et al., 'Integrating Transcriptomic and Targeted New Approach Methodologies into a Tiered Framework for Chemical Bioactivity Screening' published in Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol 133, Issue 6, 067013, June 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP16024, PMC12165737 R scripts for reproducing all analyses are available on Github (https://github.com/USEPA/CompTox-HTTr-RCAS). All sequencing data are available via the Gene Expression Omnibus repository (accessionnumbers GSE274318 for U-2 OS and GSE284321 for HepaRG). High-throughput screening assay data are available from InvitroDB via download 29 or the USEPA CompTox Chemicals Dashboard(https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/). This dataset is associated with the following publication: Rogers, J., J. Bundy, J. Harrill, R. Judson, K. Friedman, and L. Everett. Integrating Transcriptomic and Targeted New Approach Methodologies into a Tiered Framework for Chemical Bioactivity Screening. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA, 133(6): 067013, (2025).