UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)
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UKCEH is an independent, not-for-profit research institute that provides the data and insights that researchers, governments and businesses need to create a productive, resilient and healthy environment.
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- Data comprise the collection label details of museums specimens for five bumblebee species (Bombus hortorum, B. muscorum, B. lapidarius, B. pascuorum and B. sylvarum) from five UK museums (Natural History Museum (London), National Museums Scotland, Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Tullie House Museum and Art Gallery, and World Museum (Liverpool)). The details include species, collector, date collected, location, and caste. The location for each specimen was geotagged using Google Maps’ Geocoding application programming interface. Each specimen had its left and right forewing landmarked, with the wing shapes aligned using a Procrustes alignment, and Procrustes distance between the wings calculated. The data came from a digitisation program as part of a NERC funded Standard Grant awarded to R. Gill (NE/P012574/1) and I. Barnes (NE/P012914/1).12 years ago
- The data set contains the Philippines bridge inventory, river migration geodatabase and source code to assess active river channel change (i.e. planform adjustments) using Landsat 5, 7 and 8 products in Google Earth Engine. The data set contains hydro-morphological and bridge characteristics for 74 bridges (> 200 m deck length) in the Philippines from 1988 to 2019 and is available in .csv and .shp format. For a given region of interest (ROI), the code will extract active river channel masks, calculate similarity coefficients between active river channel masks at decadal intervals and calculate active widths and centreline statistics. The code was used by Boothroyd et al. (in press) to investigate decadal river migration at critical bridge infrastructure in the Philippines.12 years ago
- This dataset describes sediment yields measured in three different locations and time periods after forest fires in UK, Spain and Australia: - Madre del Agua (Tenerife, Spain): 17/08/18 to 14/11/2019 - Thompson (Victoria, Australia): 13/05/19 to 14/01/2020 - Saddleworth (Manchester, UK): 03/08/18 to 30/10/2019 Data were collected using erosion plots and silt fences at hillslope scale to monitor sediment and ash transport during rain events.12 years ago
- The data set includes the results of a laboratory analysis in 2016, investigating the presence of trypanosomes and prevalence of tsetse endosymbionts in tsetse flies. The tsetse flies were sampled in Hurungwe District, Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe, from February 2014 to November 2014. Flies were sampled using a combination of Epsilon traps and fly rounds, both established techniques for sampling tsetse. Tsetse were stored prior to laboratory analysis using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques in 2016. The data include two species of tsetse, Glossina pallidipes and Glossina morsitans morsitans. Trypanosome species investigated include Trypanosoma brucei s.l., T. b. rhodesiense, T. vivax, T. congolense, T. simiae, T.simiae (Tsavo) and T. godfreyi. Endosymbionts included in the study were Sodalis glossinidius and Wolbachia spp. Hurungwe District is the only sleeping sickness focus in Zimbabwe and an increase in cases had been detected in years preceding this study. The objective of the study was to investigate the trypanosome species present in the tsetse population and their association with tsetse endosymbionts. This study was conducted as part of research into the relationship between trypanosomiasis, well-being and ecosystems by the Dynamic Drivers of Disease in Africa Consortium (DDDAC). The research was funded by NERC with support from the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation Programme (ESPA).12 years ago
- Data comprise reservoir inflows and release data (including spills), evaporation loss and optimised monthly rule curve ordinates (upper, lower and critical) for Pong and Bhakra reservoirs in Northern India. Also included in the rule curve data are associated reservoir rationing ratios that can be applied to gross demand when rationing is also indicated. Data contain monthly Inflows, net-evaporation loss and release (all in million cubic metres, i.e. x 10^6 m^3) as simulated by WEAP for the Pong and Bhakra reservoir for the baseline (1989 - 2008); mid-century (2032-2050) and end-century (2082-2100) periods. The future inflows were based on forcing the WEAP model of the basin with climate projections of the GFDL-CM3 CMIP model The data were collected by Heriot-Watt University under the Sustaining Himalayan Water Resources in a Changing Climate (SusHi-Wat) project funded by NERC.12 years ago
- This dataset contains the biophysical measurements (mineral nitrogen, percent carbon, percent nitrogen, percent soil moisture, particle size analysis and aggregate stability) from soil collected from farmers' fields in the Halaba district, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region in Ethiopia, after the drought of 2015-2016. Eighteen farms from four kebeles (Asore, Lay Arisho, Konicha and 1st Choroko) were sampled. Soil cores were taken from fields classed as 'home', 'near' and 'far' from the homestead and were taken from two depths (0-20cm and 20-50cm). Soil cores were taken after the El Niño event of 2015/16, so reflect the resilience of different areas of the farm to drought. This dataset was collected as part of the NERC-funded project Building Resilience in Ethiopia's Awassa region to Drought (BREAD).12 years ago
- The data resource comprises of two datasets. The first dataset comprises of fortnightly measurements soil respiration, soil temperature, soil moisture and photosynthetic activity. The second data set comprises of fortnightly measurements of rainfall, throughfall and water table depth. Data were collected from the climate change field site Climoor that is located in Clocaenog forest, Northeast Wales during 2015 and 2016. The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots, three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (March to September,) All measurements of this dataset have been carried out every fortnight if not indicated otherwise. Rainfall in millimetres (mm) was measured at the site using a ground-level rain gauge. Rain throughfall (in mm) was measured in each plot using a funnel-bottle construction to collect rain water in the plant canopy. Water table depth was measured for each plot using a measuring tape. Soil respiration and related soil temperature and soil moisture were measured in three areas of each plot. Soil respiration was measured in pre-installed opaque soil collars (20 centimetre diameter) that were installed in 1999. An infra-red gas analyser (EGM-4) was used. Photosynthetic active radiation was measured above the canopy while the soil respiration measurement was conducted. The measurements were carried out by different groups of CEH Bangor staff. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. Plot level soil respiration measurements are important to investigate soil carbon dynamics and changes in soil carbon cycling and storage under the imposed climatic treatments. More detailed information about the field site, measurements and related datasets can be found in the supporting documentation. Soil respiration data for 1999-2015 are available from https://doi.org/10.5285/4ed6f721-b23b-454e-b185-02ba54d551f012 years ago
- This is part of an ongoing long-term monitoring dataset of surface temperature, surface oxygen, water clarity, water chemistry and phytoplankton chlorophyll a from fortnightly sampling at the South Basin of Windermere in Cumbria, England that began in 1945 for some variables. The data have been collected by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH). The data available to download comprise surface temperature (TEMP) in degree Celsius, surface oxygen saturation (OXYG) in % air-saturation, Secchi depth (SECC) in metres, alkalinity (ALKA) in µg per litre as CaCO3 and pH. Ammonium (NH4N), nitrate (NO3N), soluble reactive phosphate (PO4P), total phosphorus (TOTP), dissolved reactive silicon expressed as SiO2 (SIO2) and phytoplankton chlorophyll a (TOCA) are all given in µg per litre. Water samples are based on a sample integrated from 0 to 7m. Measurements are made from a boat at a marked location (buoy) at the deepest part of the lake. All data are from January 2014 until the end of 2018. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The topographic index is a hydrological quantity describing the propensity of the soil at landscape points to become saturated with water as a result of topographic position (i.e. not accounting for other factors such as climate that also affect soil moisture but are accounted for separately). Modern land surface models require a characterisation of the land surface hydrological regime and this parameter allows the use of the TOPMODEL hydrological model to achieve this .This Geographic Information System layer is intended for use as topographic ancillary files for the TOPMODEL routing model option within the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model. The topographic index variable here is directly comparable to the compound topographic index available from United States Geological Survey's Hydro1K at 30 sec resolution. PLEASE NOTE: This dataset is a correction to a previous version which was found to contain errors ( https://doi.org/10.5285/ce391488-1b3c-4f82-9289-4beb8b8aa7da ). In the previous version all pixels north of 4.57 degrees south were shifted consistently 9.3 km to the west. This version is correctly aligned at all points.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a 1km resolution raster version of the Land Cover Map 2000 for Northern Ireland. The raster consists of 10 bands. Within each band, each 1km pixel represents a percentage cover value for one of 10 aggregate classes. The aggregate classes are aggregations of the target (or 'sub') classes, broadly representing Broad Habitats (see below). The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2000. LCM2000 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. LCM2000 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2000 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2000 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. Note that the Band numberings in the dataset run from 1-11 rather than 0-10 and therefore each band relates to the one below it in the subclass code list.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information about local population densities of great tits, blue tits, marsh tits and nuthatches from a manipulation experiment. The time, location and bird species were recorded using a Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tag attached to each bird and the information recorded using a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) antenna within the feeder. Population density was manipulated by programming automated feeders to only open for a specific set of individuals (creating low- and high-density treatments). Local population densities were recorded using automated bird feeders at six experimental and two control sites prior to and during the manipulation. The experiment took place in Wytham Woods, Oxfordshire, UK between January and March 2021, as part of a study on the effects of ecological factors on social structure and information transmission. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/S010335/1, The ecology of behavioural contagion in natural systems.)12 years ago
- This dataset contains depth to water table measurements from ten experimental microcatchments (0.4-3.9 hectares) on Stalybridge Moor, an upland peatland in the Peak District, UK. The data extend from 2019 to 2022, covering a period before and after gully blocking took place in six microcatchments, with four microcatchment kept as a non-restored control. Monthly measurements from October-February, summer/autumn.12 years ago
- This dataset gives concentrations of chemical contaminants in the contents of eggs collected from colonies of the northern gannet, Morus bassanus, in the United Kingdom. The majority of eggs analysed are from colonies on Ailsa Craig (Firth of Clyde) and Bass Rock (Firth of Forth) and have been collected since 1971. The study examined 658 eggs collected between 1971 and 2009. Eggs analysed by the PBMS are collected by licensed collectors. Contaminants measured include organochlorine pesticides, total mercury, total PCBs and, for recent years, individual PCB congeners. The PBMS is a long-term, national monitoring scheme that quantifies the concentrations of contaminants in the livers and eggs of selected species of predatory and fish-eating birds in Britain. Levels of contaminants are monitored to determine variations between species and regions, changes over time and effects on individual birds and their populations. The Scheme is funded by CEH, Natural England, the Environment Agency (EA) and the Campaign for Responsible Rodenticide Use (CRRU).12 years ago
- Vegetation surveys from 35 transects in 2005 and 34 transects in 2006, focusing on tree and shrub abundance and sizes, in Monks Wood National Nature Reserve (Cambridgeshire, England). The transects were located in occupied territories of Marsh Tits, and also unoccupied areas of the wood used as controls, in order to sample the birds' habitat. However, the surveys also provide representative and widespread sampling of the overall woodland. The surveys include all woody tree and shrub species, and also standing and fallen deadwood, in different size categories. Fieldwork was undertaken and supervised by the authors and funded by the Natural Environment Research Council's National Capability investment.12 years ago
- These data are for macroinvertebrate taxonomy and abundance of Welsh upland rivers. The sampling sites were located in small and medium catchments across Wales. Sampling took place in either spring 2013 for sites in the Wye catchment or during 2012 for the other catchments. At each sampling point, 2-minute kick-samples were taken from river riffles to represent macroinvertebrate composition. Samples were preserved in industrial methylated spirit on site. Samples were then sorted and identified in the laboratory. The main goal of this survey was to characterise a gradient of aquatic biodiversity associated with different environmental settings for example land-use intensify and recovery from acidification. Dr Isabelle Durance was the responsible of organising the surveys, Dr Hugh Feeley was in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the invertebrate samples. Kath Layer was commissioned by Cardiff University for the identification. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme.12 years ago
- This is a 10m pixel data set representing the land surface of Great Britain, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. It is a two-band raster in GeoTiff format. The first band gives the most likely land cover type; the second band gives the per-pixel probability of the land cover. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2023 products are available from the LCM2023 product documentation.12 years ago
- Saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density and soil organic carbon content were determined on soil samples extracted from the upper 50 cm of the soil profile for three paired upland woodland and grassland sites in northern England. The site pairs consisted of new deciduous plantation (less than five years old) and pasture, Fifteen year old deciduous plantation and pasture, and finally a site with mature deciduous woodland and pasture. Comparisons were made between woodland and pasture soil properties. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/R004595/1: Optimising Natural Flood risk Management (NFM) in headwater catchments to protect downstream communities.12 years ago
- Distribution of soil parent materials in the Severn and Wye catchments. These were mapped during the Soil Hydrology Study conducted by JP Bell in 1968-1969: Bell, J.P. (1969). The Soil Hydrology of the Plynlimon Catchments. Institute of Hydrology Report No. 8, Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford, UK.12 years ago
- Hydrological monitoring data in this data collection result from dipwells installed at studied flood defence scheme, where electronic gauges monitored water-table fluctuations over time. Ecological data contain species sighting records of birds, butterflies, dragonflies and damselflies recorded during site visits to flood defence schemes in summer 2007. These data aim to show the relationship between water regimes and habitat potential.The study is part of the NERC Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. Agricultural Flood Defence Schemes in floodplain and coastal areas were once an important element of Government support for farmers in Britain. More recently, however, changing priorities in the countryside, concern about environmental quality and perceptions of increased flood risk in lowland areas, in part linked to climate change, have promoted a re-appraisal of land management options and policies for floodplain areas. Eight agricultural flood defence schemes, previously studied by the research team in the 1980s, have been re-examined to identify and explain changes in land and water management that have occurred over the last 40-years. This involved stakeholder and institutional analysis, farmer interviews, ecological surveys, field observations and modelling of hydrological and related ecological processes. Generic land use scenarios have been developed to consider management options that focus on single objectives, such as maximising agricultural production, maximising biodiversity and minimising flood risk in the catchment. The scenarios examined the impacts of changes in rural land use on ecosystem goods and services. The influence of agricultural policy, interacting with farmer circumstances and motivation, on land use has also been explored. The project also evaluated the impacts of the summer 2007 floods on agriculture and rural communities. The results revealed opportunities for achieving a wide range of benefits relating to farming, biodiversity, amenity, flood management, water quality and the wider rural economy. The study informed strategies for floodplain management, helping to develop approaches that are appealing to major stakeholders. Historical data on the studied flood defence schemes, farm business survey data and interviews with farmers at flood defence schemes, and interviews with farmers and rural businesses affected by summer floods in 2007 are available at the UK Data Archive under study number 6377 (see related resources). Further documentation for this study may be found through the RELU Knowledge Portal and the project's ESRC funding award web page (see online resources).12 years ago
- This dataset comprises plant species, soils, habitat types and major biota present, collected during a survey of the English county of Cumbria, using standardised survey methods. The survey was undertaken by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (a forerunner of the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology) in 1975 within a stratified random set of sites. In total, up to 650 plots were surveyed from within 48 x 1km squares.12 years ago
- The dataset provides measurement of timing of germination and seed mass in the F1 progeny, the P1 paternal contribution to F1 offspring (paternal reproductive success), and assesses the effects of flowering time on the mating system for Festuca ovina (F. ovina) after seventeen years of in-situ experimental drought treatment. The study was conducted at the Buxton Climate Change Impacts Laboratory (BCCIL) and began in July 2010.12 years ago
- This data represents a survey of all the large trees in permanent forest plots in Danum Valley and Sepilok Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia to determine whether they were dead or alive in 2019. The data consist of individual tree ids, which can be linked back to the plot inventory data, status and some details about the mode of death. Additional data for Danum Valley is available through the ForestGEO portal. Additional data for Sepilok reserve is available through forestplots website.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information about water quality based on faecal indicators at eighteen lakes in each of three lake districts: - Greater Glasgow conurbation, Scotland - Cumbria, NW England - Norfolk, E England. Lakes were sampled once in each of three seasons (spring, summer and autumn) in either 2016 (Norfolk) or 2017 (Cumbria and Greater Glasgow) with faecal indicators being quantified at three discrete sampling stations in each lake (>50m apart) and at three points at each station (i.e. nine samples per lake per sampling date). Faecal indicators were quantified based on standard dilution, membrane filtration and incubation, followed by colony counting. The data were collected to investigate the fine scale connectivity between Faecal Indicator Organisms (FIO) densities within water bodies and diffuse and point source inputs from the adjacent catchment and from biological vectors. They also provide an indication of the relative sources of variation in reported concentrations that is relevant for environmental regulatory purposes. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council grant NE/N006437/1 (Hydroscape: connectivity x stressor interactions in freshwater habitats).12 years ago
- The dataset contains 5-day of water velocities at Durleigh Reservoir in Somerset, England. A Nortek Vector acoustic doppler velocimeter (ADV) was used to collect the dataset. The ADV was deployed between 20 August 2018 (15:00) and 24 August 2018 (09:15), located approximately 30 m north of the surface mixers in Durleigh reservoir. The surface mixers were operating when the ADV was deployed and were switched off between 07:17 on 22 August and 16:42 on 23 August 2018.12 years ago
- Data comprise monitoring records of a population of Gryllus campestris, a flightless, univoltine field cricket that lives in and around burrows excavated among the grass in a meadow in Asturias (North Spain). The area has an altitude range from around 60 to 270 metres above sea level. The data include birth and death days, age at capture, air temperature and calling activity. Data were collected from 2006 to 2016.12 years ago
- This dataset contains water chemistry for inlet samples for remediation systems in Bihar, India and associated remediation system efficiency for arsenic removal. The dataset contains paired inlet-outlet data for 31 household and community groundwater remediation systems of different technology types (split into reverse osmosis/RO and non-reverse osmosis) and settings (household and non-household). The chemical data includes the composition of inlet water (concentrations of Fe, P, As, Ca, Mg, Na and Si) and associated arsenic removal. This data was generated as part of the Indo-UK Water Quality Programme Project FAR-GANGA (NE/R003386/1 and DST/TM/INDO-UK/2K17/55(C) & 55(G)).12 years ago
- This dataset contains vegetation survey data and nitrate and ammonium concentrations, microbial biomass data, particle size, and nitrification and mineralisation rates within soils from an experiment based at Parsonage Down, UK. The vegetation survey comprises total species percentage cover and species richness data from four 50 cm by 50 cm quadrats. The experiment investigated the effect of different plant groups on soil carbon stores and nutrient cycling, by using a mixture of hand weeding and herbicide spot spraying to create different plant communities on the species rich grassland at Parsonage Down. The resulting carbon and nutrient cycling rates were compared to the characteristics of the plant groups. The experiment ran from 2013 to 2015 and this dataset contains data from 2013 only. This experiment was part of the Wessex BESS project, a six-year (2011-2017) project aimed at understanding how biodiversity underpins the ecosystem functions and services that landscapes provide.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (area) data for Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) Broad Habitats across Great Britain in 1978. Data are presented as areas of Broad (or Priority) Habitats within a set of 256 1km squares across Great Britain. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to habitat areas, vegetation species data, soil data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- 1 km gridded estimates of daily and monthly rainfall for Great-Britain and Northern Ireland (together with approximately 3000 km2 of catchment in the Republic of Ireland) from 1890 to 2014. The rainfall estimates are derived from the Met Office national database of observed precipitation. To derive the estimates, monthly and daily (when complete month available) precipitation totals from the UK rain gauge network are used. The natural neighbour interpolation methodology, including a normalisation step based on average annual rainfall, was used to generate the daily and monthly estimates. The estimated rainfall on a given day refers to the rainfall amount precipitated in 24 hours between 9am on that day until 9am on the following day. The CEH-GEAR dataset has been developed according to the guidance provided in BS 7843-4:2012.02 years ago
- This dataset provides linear trends, over varying time periods, for the Collated Indices of individual butterfly species across the UK. The main statistical values derived from a linear regression (slope, standard error, P-value) are presented for the entire time series for each species (1976# to the present year), for the last 20 years, and for the last decade. In addition, trends are classified based on the direction and significance of a linear slope together with an estimated percentage change for that time period. These trend data are provided for all UK butterfly species for which we have sufficient data (58 species). Trends are calculated by performing a linear regression on the annual Collated indices for each species. Collated indices are calculated using a log-linear model incorporating individual site indices from all monitored sites across the UK for a given species in a given year. Trends across different time series allow us to determine the long and short-term status of individual species. This enables us to focus conservation and research and also to assess species responses to conservation already in place. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. #Because the Collated indices are only calculated for each species in years in which it was recorded on five or more sites, the starting year for the series is later than 1976 for a number of rarer species.12 years ago
- This dataset describes the chemical and physical properties of wildfire ash collected following wildland fires in different ecosystems and burn severity conditions across the globe. For the chemical properties, ash was collected from sampling sites across eight countries (Australia, Canada, South Africa, US, UK, The Netherlands, Spain and Austria). For the physical properties, ash was collected from four locations in Tenerife (Spain), Victoria (Australia), Manchester (UK) and Idaho (US).12 years ago
- This dataset contains the linkages between designated features and their relevant critical loads or levels. The designated features come from the UK network of protected nature sites including: (i) Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) (ii) Special Protection Areas (SPA) (iii) Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) - England, Scotland, Wales (iv) Areas of Special Scientific Interest (ASSI) - Northern Ireland. Critical loads and levels are set under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution. For nutrient nitrogen critical loads are based on empirical evidence, mainly observations from experiments and targeted gradient studies. These empirical critical loads are assigned to habitat classes of the European Nature Information System (EUNIS) to enable consistency of habitat terminology and understanding across Europe. In order to assign the relevant critical load to Annex I features, A/SSSI habitat features, or habitats of Annex II/SPA features, habitat correspondence tables are used to determine the relationship between the EUNIS classes for which nitrogen critical loads are set and the interest features. Critical loads of acidity are based on soil and habitat types. They are set for six Broad Habitats; acid grassland, calcareous grassland, dwarf shrub heath, bogs, montane, unmanaged coniferous and broadleaved woodland. Critical Levels for air pollutants are not habitat specific and have been set to cover broad vegetation types (e.g. forest arable, semi-natural), often with critical values set for sensitive lichens and bryophytes. They have been derived from experiments and observation that show varied effects on vegetation including visible injury symptoms of exposure and species composition changes in semi-natural vegetation.02 years ago
- Future Flows Hydrology (FF-HydMod-PPE) is an 11-member ensemble projections of river flow and groundwater levels time series for 283 catchments and 24 boreholes in Great Britain. It is derived from Future Flows Climate, an 11-member 1-km bias-corrected and downscaled climate projection products based on the SRES A1B emission scenario. River Flows data are at a daily time step: Groundwater Levels data are at a monthly time step. Future Flows Hydrology span from 1951 to 2098. The development of Future Flows Hydrology was made during the partnership project 'Future Flows and Groundwater Levels' funded by the Environment Agency for England and Wales, Defra, UK Water Research Industry, NERC (Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and British Geological Survey) and Wallingford HydroSolutions.12 years ago
- This is a polygon (land parcel) dataset describing the entire land surface of GB in 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. Each land parcel contains attributes which include the land cover type and classification confidence. Full details of this and all UKCEH LCM2020 products are available from the LCM2020 product documentation which accompanies this data.12 years ago
- Land Cover Map 2007 (LCM2007) is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors. It also covers Northern Ireland and incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible , incorporating land cover classes sought by other users. LCM2007 is produced in both vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. Dataset consists of the dominant Target Class per 1km square, raster dataset (Great Britain only).02 years ago
- This dataset contains analytical results for wild yeast isolates from soil samples at and near a disused metal smelting works in the north-east of the UK. The main contaminant from the smelting works was lead (Pb), but Cd was also elevated. The soil near the smelting works showed above-background levels of Pb. Yeasts of similar colony morphology on laboratory agar were isolated and proved to be mostly isolates of Saitozyma podzolica: 56 independent clonal isolates of this yeast were confirmed by ITS sequencing and RAPD-PCR. All of the S. podzolica isolates were tested for Pb and Cd resistance (IC50) and heteroresistance. Heteroresistance indicated variation in metal resistance between individual cells of clonal populations. Some isolates were also tested with Zn. The genomes of the isolates were sequenced and sequence data submitted to the NCBI/EBI.12 years ago
- The number and type of natural enemies of crop pests found in winter-sown oilseed rape fields (Brassica napus L.) in relation to local plant diversity (in crop and field margin) and landscape characteristics. Natural enemies and pests were collected using two methods (suction sampling and pitfall traps). Local plant diversity was assessed using quadrats in field margins and in cropped area. The presence of hedges was also recorded. Landscape characteristics include the amount of mass flowering crops, arable land, presence of patches of different grassland types (intensive, restored and species rich) and the amount of grasslands and other semi natural habitat with up to a 3km radius of the collection points. These data were collected as part of Wessex BESS project, funded by the NERC Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability research program. This dataset can be used in conjunction with other Wessex BESS WP4 datasets.12 years ago
- Dissolved element concentrations, dissolved stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C), salinity measurements, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations from the Mackenzie River and estuary. River water and SPM samples were collected between the 11th and the 18th of September 2022. Samples were taken from the surface of the water column and at depth. Individual sample locations (latitude and longitude) are provided in the data file. In total, 18 water and SPM samples were collected from 11 different localities. Samples were collected to span a large salinity range (0.15-29 P.S.U.). Dissolved element concentrations provided: aluminium, barium, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, sulphate, silicon, and strontium.02 years ago
- This dataset consists of a range of ecological measurements collected from a set of arable fields, each sown with a combination of genetically modified and conventional beet crops. Measurements include species counts in the following areas: weed seedbank, vegetation in the crop, field edge vegetation, invertebrates. The data were collected as part of the Farm Scale Evaluations (FSEs), a four-year programme of research by independent researchers aimed at studying the effect that the management practices associated with Genetically Modified Herbicide Tolerant (GMHT) crops might have on farmland wildlife, when compared with weed control used with non-GM crops. Data were collected by a consortium of: the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (now the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology), the Institute of Arable Crops Research (now Rothamsted Research) and the Scottish Crop Research Institute, SCRI (now the James Hutton Institute). Data were collected for four crops overall (Beet, Maize, Spring-sown Oilseed Rape and Winter-sown oilseed Rape).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of Particle Size Distribution (PSD) measurements made on 419 archived topsoil samples and derived aggregate stability metrics from arable and grassland habitats across Great Britain in 2007. Laser granulometry was used to measure PSD of 1–2 mm aggregates before and after sonication and the difference in their Mean Weight Diameter (MWD) used to indicate aggregate stability. The samples were collected as part of the Countryside Survey monitoring programme, a unique study or ‘audit’ of the natural resources of the UK’s countryside. The analyses were conducted as part of study aiming to quantify how soil quality indicators change across a gradient of agricultural land management and to identify conditions that determine the ability of different soils to resist and recover from perturbations.12 years ago
- Woodland vegetation data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. These data are collected at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol (see Supporting documentation). This survey is conducted when plots surveyed during the coarse-grain survey fall in woodland. Seedlings, diameter at breast height (dbh), height and species dominance are recorded within a surrounding 10m x 10m plot. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- Data from whole transcriptome sequencing of the four European pine species - Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine), P. mugo (Dwarf mountain pine), P. uliginosa (Mountain pine) and P. uncinata (Peat-bog pine). Those data include 1) transcriptome sequence of a reference Scots pine sample generated using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology and 2) information about single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 17 samples collected across the European range, compared to the reference Scots pine sample. These genomic resources were produced to advance the study of the genetic basis of adaptive variation and speciation in pines.12 years ago
- Data comprise measurements of plant biomass and community composition, soil microbial community composition, greenhouse gas emissions and soil carbon and nitrogen pools from a drought experiment superimposed on a the long-term Colt Park grassland restoration experiment in northern England. Rainfall was manipulated using rain-out shelters on experimental grassland plots where fertiliser application and seed addition have been managed to enhance plant species diversity. The scientific purpose was to test the hypothesis that management aimed at biodiversity restoration increases the resistance and recovery of carbon cycling to short-term summer drought.12 years ago
- This dataset contains soil hydraulic measurement data from the Climoor field site in the Clocaenog forest, in North Wales. The collection contains five data sets. 1) soil bulk density (0-5 centimetre) and saturated water content. 2) Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity measured in the field at tensions of -2 and -6 centimetre using a mini disk infiltrometer. 3) Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity measured using a HYPROP (registered trademark) instrument, an instrument which determines the hydraulic properties of soil samples, on soil cores taken from the field plots. 4) Soil water release curves for wet soil corresponding to the hydraulic conductivity measurements made using a HYPROP in the laboratory on cores from the field. 5) Soil water release curve data for dry soil measured using a WP4 potentiometer. The dataset has been quality checked, and incorrect or missing values removed, data has not been infilled and not available (NA's) have been added where there is no data. Data was collected between the end of 2010 and early 2012. Data sets 1, 3 and 4 were collected in April and September, 2011, data set 2 in May, 2012 and data set 5 in November, 2010. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported data were collected to monitor site specific soil properties at a specific reference time.02 years ago
- Data comprise a forest inventory (tree name (local, scientific, genera, family), diameter, height), dendrometric tree characteristics (tree species, weight (branches, leaves, trunk), diameter, height, coordinates, distance, location) and aboveground biomass data (litter and root mat depth, biomass and carbon stock of living vegetation (sapling, tree and understorey), non-living vegetation (litter), lying dead wood and standing dead wood) sampled in the Ankeniheny Zahamena Forest Corridor (remains of the evergreen forest of eastern Madagascar). Living vegetation includes woody and herbaceous above soil vegetation including stems, branches, bark, seeds, and foliage (IPCC, 2006). Litter includes all non-living biomass with a size greater than the limit for soil organic matter (suggested 2 mm) and less than the minimum diameter chosen for lying dead wood (e.g. 10 cm) in various states of decomposition above or within the mineral or organic soil (IPCC, 2006). Dead wood includes all non-living woody biomass not contained in the litter, either standing, lying on the ground, or in the soil (IPCC, 2006). Understorey includes herbaceous vegetation in forests and fallows. Data were collected as part of a project funded under the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme. Work package 4 P4GES project, grant references: NE/K008692/1, NE/K010115/1, and NE/K010220-112 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (length) data for linear features across Great Britain in 1984. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 384 1km squares surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project, then scaling up to a national level. The data are presented as mean lengths for 7 different feature categories within 45 different land class types, based on the ITE Land Classification. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to linear features, habitat areas, species plot, soil plot, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- Bird species data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) lowland terrestrial sites. These data were collected, using the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO)'s Common Bird Census methodology (CBC), at ECN's lowland terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. This protocol was abandoned in favour of the Breeding Bird Survey (Rennie et al (2017) UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) bird data: 1995-2015 https://doi.org/10.5285/5886c3ba-1fa5-49c0-8da8-40e69a10d2b5 ) in 1999. However, some sites continued to follow this protocol for a number of years after 1999 to allow comparison with the Breeding Bird Survey data. The CBC uses a mapping method in which a series of visits are made to all parts of a defined plot during the breeding season and contacts with birds by sight or sound are recorded on large-scale maps. Information from the series of visits is combined to estimate the number of territories found. Annual data are recorded but the date ranges available are variable for each site. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- This product consists of maps of predicted average annual application rates of three different inorganic chemical fertilisers – nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) - in England across a six-year period (2010-2015). The estimates, along with their respective estimates of uncertainty, are provided at a 1 km x 1 km resolution. These data were modelled from Defra British Survey of Fertiliser Practice (BSFP) data using a spatial interpolation procedure. Different uses and potential applications of the produced maps, including the following: 1) Modelling nutrient fate to predict impacts of changes in farming practices (intensification/extensification) on nutrient runoff to water; 2) Estimating greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions due to fertiliser application to crops and grassland (linked with air quality impacts); 3) Quantifying past and future impacts of eutrophication and/or agricultural management on agricultural ecosystems and indicators such as arable plants, farmland birds, pollinators; 4) Linking crop growth models to predict areas where better nutrient management may improve yields; 5) Improving policies aimed at mitigating negative impacts of fertiliser use (e.g. catchment sensitive farming to reduce pollution and/or improve water quality). This data product was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) under research programme NE/N018125/1 Achieving Sustainable Agricultural Systems (ASSIST). ASSIST is an initiative jointly supported by NERC and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).12 years ago
- The dataset contains results of analysis of soil cores taken from a commercial Miscanthus bioenergy plantation located near Lincolnshire. Measurements are provided for each soil core (and separated increments to a maximum depth of 1 m) including soil carbon, soil moisture, root, and stone volume and bulk density. Samples were taken prior to (2011) and after (2016) remedial tillage activities (conducted in 2013). The dataset also includes samples from a paired arable control field (sampled in 2011) and a paired un-tilled Miscanthus field (sampled in 2016). Data from 2011 covers surface soil (0-30 cm) and data for 2016 covers soil profile to a depth of 1 m in 10 cm increments.12 years ago
- Precipitation chemistry data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. Variables measured include pH, conductivity, alkalinity, aluminium, calcium, chloride, ammonium, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphorous, potassium, sulphate sulphur, sodium, total nitrogen and total dissolved phosphorous. These data are collected by a bulk collector at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous weekly records from 1992 to 2015. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- The data comprise hydrometric data and stable isotope data for streamflow and rainfall from the Marolaona catchment in the Ankeniheny-Zahamena Corridor on the Eastern escarpment of Madagascar between February 2015 and March 2016. Rainfall and streamflow were measured at 2 locations, perched water tables at 10 locations, and soil moisture at 3 locations (1 – 3 depths). Samples were taken from streamflow and rainfall for stable isotope (delta-2H and delta-18O) analyses.12 years ago
- The data set comprises biomass values and mineral nutrient values from experimental plots located at Sourhope, Scotland. On five occasions throughout each of the 1999, 2000, 2001 and 2002 growing seasons, grass cuttings were collected from a 50 x 50 cm cell area from each of the four main sub-plots within each of a set of experimental main-plots, and biomass values calculated. In addition, mineral nutrient analysis was carried out for the July 1999 grass cuttings. The work was part of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme, which was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT 8545 1963). During the experiment, the site was monitored to assess changes in above-ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity). The primary aims of the Programme were to achieve simultaneously an understanding of the biological diversity of the soil biota and the functional roles played by soil organisms in key ecological processes. In seeking to achieve these aims, 24 separate research projects were funded to study soil structure, soil processes (such as the carbon and nitrogen cycles) and the roles of micro-fauna and flora (Bacteria, Nematoda, Protozoa and Fungi), microarthropods (including Collembola and Acari), invertebrate root feeders (Tipulid, Bidionid and Scarabeid larvae), meso-fauna (such as Enchytraeidae) and macro-fauna (including Megadrili, Mollusca and Coleoptera).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of palaeoecological measurements taken at sites in the Peak District and NW Sutherland during the NERC Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. This data collection includes the results from four interlinked projects combining quantitative and qualitative evidence to assess long-term ecological data at local to national levels: Project 1 synthesises existing information on historical environmental changes in the uplands with relevance to current management and policy Project 2 used high resolution palaeoenvironmental analyses to reconstruct ecological changes and land-use histories of four contrasting moorland systems in the Peak District (England) over the last c.200-1300 yrs. Sites were selected in consultation with stakeholders and the results provide the basis for comparison with ecological survey results and knowledge of current managers. Project 3 used similar methods to reconstruct ecological and land-use changes in NW Sutherland (Scotland) over the last c.400 yrs. Site selection was based on discussion with stakeholders and results were compared with stakeholder knowledge and preferences for landscape change. Project 4 used three choice experiments to assess the response of different communities to long-term evidence as a potential source of information to inform preferences for upland management. Project 4a used a choice experiment to assess the influence of long-term evidence on management preferences of residents of the Peak District. Project 4b used choice experiments to present long-term evidence to ecologists from government, NGO, research and practitioner communities in conjunction with established sources of ecological evidence used in upland management (ecological monitoring and ecological research) and with stakeholder preferences for upland management, since this is increasingly becoming embedded in decision-making. The upland woods and peatlands were used as the contexts for two choice experiments. This dataset consists of palaeoecological measurements taken at sites in the Peak District and NW Sutherland, as part of projects 2 and 3 as listed above. The choice experiment data from this study are available at the UK Data Archive under study number 6791 (see online resources). Further documentation for this study may be found through the RELU Knowledge Portal and the project's ESRC funding award web page (see online resources).12 years ago
- The dataset includes five files of UK physical river characteristics including four files of gridded data at 1km × 1km resolution and one comma separated table. The data includes: - Outflow drainage directions (D8) - Catchment areas (km2) - Widths of bankfull rivers (m) - Depths of bankfull rivers (m) - NRFA gauging station locations (easting (m), northing (m)) The comma separated NRFA (National River Flow Archive) gauging station locations table provides the best locations of 1499 river flow gauging stations on the 1km grids, together with the approximate error in the 1km × 1km gridded delineation of the upstream catchment area. All datasets are provided on the British National Grid.02 years ago
- This dataset contains vegetation survey data, and nitrate and ammonium concentrations, nitrification and mineralisation rates, microbial biomass and carbon and nitrogen stock data from soils taken from an experiment based at Winklebury Hill, UK. The vegetation survey comprises total species percentage cover and species richness data from four 50 cm by 50 cm quadrats. Net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange, photosynthesis and respiration data were measured with an Infra-red Gas Analyser (IRGA); methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide data were measured using gas chromatography; nitrate and ammonium from soil samples extracted with potassium chloride; carbon and nitrogen from soils extracted with water; and carbon and nitrogen stocks measured through combustion analysis. The experiment used seeds and plug plants to create different plant communities on the bare chalk on Winklebury Hill and tested the resulting carbon and nutrient cycling rates and compared these to the characteristics of different plant functional groups. The experiment ran from 2013 to 2015 and this dataset contains data from 2015 only. This experiment was part of the Wessex BESS project, a six-year (2011-2017) project aimed at understanding how biodiversity underpins the ecosystem functions and services that landscapes provide.12 years ago
- Results of moth surveys carried out at four landscapes in North-West Hampshire in June and July 2014. The data includes dates and locations of the surveys and associated counts for each of 180 moth species. Also included is information on site management, connectivity of survey sites to chalk grassland and habitat specialism of each moth species. Moths were surveyed in light traps for 24 nights in June/July 2014 in four landscapes in North-West Hampshire. Each survey location contained a patch of protected chalk grassland habitat surrounded mostly by arable fields. Each landscape was surveyed for six nights, with two traps being placed on the chalk grassland and the remaining eight being placed on arable fields at a range of distances from the chalk grassland patch. Traps on arable fields were alternated between arable field margins and arable field centres across the six nights. Four of eight arable field margins in each landscape comprised an area of grassland habitat created under agri-environment schemes.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises individual site indices for UK butterfly species calculated from data from the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Site indices are a relative rather than an absolute measure of the size of a population, and have been shown to relate closely to other, more intensive, measures of population size such as mark, release, recapture (MRR) methods. The site index can be thought of as a relative measure of the population size, being a more or less constant proportion of the number of butterflies present. The proportion seen is likely to vary according to species; some butterfly species are more conspicuous and thus more easily detected, whereas others are much less easy to see. Site indices are only calculated at sites with sufficient monitoring visits throughout the season, or for targeted reduced effort surveys (timed observations, larval web counts and egg counts) where counts are generally obtained as close to the peak of the flight period as possible and are subsequently adjusted for the time of year and size of the site (area of suitable habitat type for a given species). Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) sites are thus excluded because they are based on very few visits from which indices of abundance are not calculated. For transect sites, a statistical model (a General Additive Model, 'GAM') is used to impute missing values and to calculate a site index. Each year most transect sites (over 90%) produce an index for at least one species and in recent years site indices have been calculated for over 2,000 sites across the UK. Site indices are subsequently collated to contribute to the overall 'Collated Index' for each species, which are relative measures of the abundance of each species across a geographical area, for example, across the whole UK or at country level for England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. Individual site indices are important in informing conservation management as not all sites show the same patterns for each species and likely reflect a combination of local climate and habitat management at the site. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The data are fractional coverage of plant functional/surface types, carbon content in vegetation, carbon content in soil. The data are the result of simulations conducted in the JULES land surface model, of several complementary pathways for increasing forest coverage and forest density during the 21st century. A historical simulation covering 1880-2000 is included, followed by seven future simulations for the main simulation period of 2001-2100. This is followed by an extended run for 50 further years based on 2090s climate. Driven by Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP2.6) climatology at N96 resolution (1.25 deg latitude, 1.875 deg longitude).12 years ago
- These spatial layers map the suitability of climate conditions for infection of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora kernoviae across the UK. The model is based on laboratory data of environmental responses of these pathogens and hourly temperature and relative humidity regimes between 2007 and 2011, and focuses on how many times infection could have been completed within running 48 hour periods through the year. Average suitability of conditions are mapped for the whole period and for individual years from 2007 to 2011. This research was funded by the Scottish Government under research contract CR/2008/55, 'Study of the epidemiology of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora kernoviae in managed gardens and heathlands in Scotland' and involved collaborators from St Andrews University, Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture (SASA), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), Forestry Commission, the Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA) and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH). This dataset forms part of a series.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information about predicted future erosion hazards to electricity transmission towers at a site in the Mersey River valley. River channel change and floodplain erosion rates were simulated under 6 hypothetical flow scenarios, covering the years 2018 to 2050. These scenarios include: “baseline” where we assumed the 32 years of flow from 2018 to 2050 matched the preceding 32-year period; and “plus 10, 20, 30, 40 & 50%” where we assumed daily averaged flow magnitudes increased by 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50%, depending on the scenario. Simulations were run using the CAESAR-Lisflood landscape evolution model. Input files that were used to drive the simulations include a 15-metre resolution DEM covering a ~4.5 km long reach of river valley, and daily-averaged flow inputs (m3 s-1). Landscape changes over time were extracted at the locations of each electricity transmission tower, with the severity of erosion used to judge the relative risks of each tower from future climate change. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/S01697X/1) as part of the project: ‘Erosion Hazards in River Catchments: Making Critical Infrastructure More Climate Resilient’.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of monthly spatial patterns of meteorological change for 34 Global Circulation Models (GCMs). The patterns are a set of regression coefficients, each representing the change per degree of mean global warming over land, for the corresponding meteorological variable. The meteorological variables analysed for each GCM include: surface temperature change per degree global warming (K K-1); surface relative humidity change per degree global warming (percentage of K-1); wind change per degree global warming (m s-1 K-1); longwave change per degree global warming (W m-2 K 1); shortwave change per degree global warming (W m-2 K-1); precipitation change per degree global warming (mm day-1 K-1) and pressure change per degree global warming (hPa K-1). The supporting information document associated with this metadata includes parameters for an energy balance model (IMOGEN EBM) that calculates the amount of global warming. Each GCM output has been re-mapped on to UKMO-HadCM3 grid, with resolution of 3.75° longitude and 2.5° latitude; this produces a surface spatial resolution of about 417 km E-W x 278 km N-S, reducing to 295 km E-W x 278 km N-S at 45° North and South. This corresponds to 1631 land points, each of which has a row in the provided data files. The data presented here is calibration of IMOGEN EBM parameters and patterns against 34 GCMs in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) GCM ensemble. Further information about the dataset and its derivation can be found in Comyn-Platt, E. et al. (in press). Carbon budgets for 1.5 and 2°C targets lowered by natural wetland and permafrost feedbacks. Nature Geoscience. http://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0174-912 years ago
- These data were collected from three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) sampled at sites downstream of wastewater treatment works (WWTWs), and at sites with no identifiable WWTW input, in the north west of England. For fish captured at each site, data include fish characteristics (weight, length, condition factor and sex). Additionally, indicators of stress (whole-body concentrations of cortisol, cortisol released to water, and whole-body glucose concentrations) were quantified in order to assess the status of the stress axis in individuals immediately following capture (unstressed - baseline cortisol and glucose) and after a short period of confinement (stressed - elevated cortisol and glucose). The data were collected as part of a study conducted to evaluate whether the complex chemical milieu present in rivers downstream of WWTWs, one of the most abundant point-sources of aquatic pollutants in UK waters, can affect the functioning of the stress axis in fish. Sampling was conducted during 2011, 2013 and 2014 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- These data are the simulated peat heights and water-table depths (both in cm) from a DigiBog run. The virtual peatland was configured as a 2-D transect of 100 x 2m x 2m columns. The data were generated for each year of a 5,100-year run. After 4,900 years, six ditches were added and the model allowed to run for a further 100 years. After this time, the ditches were ‘restored’ and the simulation continued until a total runtime of 5,100 years had elapsed.12 years ago
- This dataset contains time series observations of land surface-atmosphere exchanges of net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE), sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE), and momentum (τ) measured at the Wicken Sedge Fen, a conservation managed lowland fen (site code: EF-LN) in the Cambridgeshire Fens, UK. Turbulent flux densities (fluxes) were monitored using the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) technique between 2009-03-20 to 2009-12-31, and 2010-04-09 to 2011-01-16. The dataset includes ancillary weather and soil physics observations, as well as variables that characterise atmospheric turbulence.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of invertebrate species records, sampled from headwater streams during a survey in 1998. Macro-invertebrates were sampled using standard protocols. The sample area in each stream was a single area of stream-bed whose major habitat types can be sampled within the recommended sampling period of three minutes of active sampling, supplemented by a one minute hand search. The length of river surveyed would normally vary from 5 to 15m. Samples were collected using a standard 1mm mesh pond net and returned to the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (formerly Institute of Freshwater Ecology) for later sorting and identification. Supplemental physical measurements (width, depth, substrate composition) required to run RIVPACS (River Invertebrate Prediction and Classification System) were taken. Data were collected under the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Headwater stream surveys have been carried out in 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of sites. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to headwater stream data, soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data and linear habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information about moth caterpillar abundance at sites lit by streetlights (LED; high pressure sodium and low-pressure sodium) and unlit control sites. Caterpillars were sampled at 26 matched pairs of lit and unlit sites between 2018 and 2020 as part of a study of the effects of street lighting on the early life stages of moths.12 years ago
- Here, we present a comprehensive traits database for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland. The database covers 968 species in 21 families. Ecological traits fall into four main categories: life cycle ecology and phenology, host plant specificity and characteristics, breeding habitat, and morphological characteristics. The database also contains data regarding species distribution, conservation status, and temporal trends for abundance and occupancy. This database can be used for a wide array of purposes including further fundamental research on species and community responses to environmental change, conservation and management studies, and evolutionary biology.12 years ago
- The dataset contains information on the species identity and frequency of all insect-flower interactions recorded in ten birch (Betula spp.) woodland fragments surveyed in 2009 (May-August). The data were collected in two transects (50 x 2m; 15m apart and at least 50m from the woodland edge) randomly situated prior to the onset of flowering in the centre of each wood. Five of the woodland sites were disturbed by cattle grazing, while five were undisturbed. Landowners confirmed that livestock had been absent for at least 70-100 years in undisturbed sites. Where livestock were present, cattle grazing was light to moderate (e.g. 2007: mean = 8.4 cattle ha-1) and long term (mean = 33 years). The dataset comprises 13 columns, 2002 rows and is 218 KB. It gives the site name, geographic coordinates, whether it was disturbed by cattle grazing or not, the wind speed and temperature at time of sampling, the date of sampling, and the identity of the insect and plants interacting (binomial name or recognisable taxonomic unit).12 years ago
- Data were collected in 2015, 2016 and 2017 to provide high resolution imagery for two sections of the South Saskatchewan River, Canada. Photographs were acquired using conventional aerial plane images with a 0.06m ground resolution, captured at a height of approximately 1500m from a fixed-wing aeroplane with an UltraCamXp sensor. Imagery was obtained on four occasions (13th May 2015; 2nd Sept 2016; 8th June 2017; and 12th June 2017). The dataset consists of eight orthomosaics; one for each of the two river sections on each of the four dates. Images were collected as part of NERC project NE/L00738X/1.12 years ago
- Data were collected in 2015, 2016 and 2017 to provide information on the distribution of flow depth and depth-averaged flow velocity at cross-sections on the South Saskatchewan River, Canada. Data were obtained using a Sontek M9 acoustic Doppler current profiler (aDcp) mounted onto either a small zodiac boat or a SonTek Hydroboard. Data for each cross-section is recorded in a single file. Individual points within each file represent single locations on the particular cross-section. Data were collected as part of NERC project NE/L00738X/1.12 years ago
- Data contain measurements of physiological variation in threespine stickleback from Icelandic populations. The data includes metabolic rates measured on individual stickleback fish across three temperatures (Metabolism.csv), inter-individual variation in distances between individuals under different temperature treatments using fish from a geothermal and ambient population (Sociability.csv), and the time individuals spent under different temperatures on their own (TemperaturePreference.csv).02 years ago
- Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) data for Integrated Hydrological Units (IHU) Hydrometric Areas (Kral et al., 2015; https://doi.org/10.5285/3a4e94fc-4c68-47eb-a217-adee2a6b02b3). SPI is a drought index based on the probability of precipitation for a given accumulation period as defined by McKee et al. [1]. SPI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the gamma distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1862 to 2015. NOTE: the difference between this dataset with the previously published dataset 'Standardised Precipitation Index time series for IHU hydrometric areas (1961-2012)' [SPI_IHU_HA] (Tanguy et al., 2015; https://doi.org/10.5285/5e1792a0-ae95-4e77-bccd-2fb456112cc1), apart from the temporal extent, is the underlying rainfall data from which SPI was calculated. In the previously published dataset, CEH-GEAR (Tanguy et al., 2014; https://doi.org/10.5285/5dc179dc-f692-49ba-9326-a6893a503f6e) was used, whereas in this new version, Met Office 5km rainfall grids were used (see supporting documentation for more details). Within Historic Droughts project (grant number: NE/L01016X/1), the Met Office has digitised historic rainfall and temperature data to produce high quality historic rainfall and temperature grids, which motivated the change in the underlying data to calculate SPI. The methodology to calculate SPI is the same in the two datasets. This release supersedes the previous version, https://doi.org/10.5285/d8655cc9-b275-4e77-9e6c-1b16eee5c7d5, as it addresses localised issues with the source data (Met Office monthly rainfall grids) for the period 1960 to 2000. [1] McKee, T. B., Doesken, N. J., Kleist, J. (1993). The Relationship of Drought Frequency and Duration to Time Scales. Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology, 17-22 January 1993, Anaheim, California.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (length) data for linear features across Great Britain in 1984 in a vector format. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 384 1km squares surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project, then scaling up to a national level. The data are presented as mean lengths per 1km square for seven different feature categories within 45 different land class types, based on the ITE Land Classification. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to linear features, habitat areas, species plot, soil plot, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This data contains the strain and wind data collected for 21 trees in Wytham Woods, a mature temperate woodland in southern England, from September 2015 to June 2016. This data was collected in order to (a) extract the resonant frequencies of trees, (b) to estimate the critical wind speeds at which the trees would break and (c) to test a finite element model of tree-wind dynamics. The strain data was collected at 4Hz using two strain gauges per tree attached at 1.3metres on the trunk and approximately perpendicular to each other. The wind data provided were collected from the canopy walkway in Wytham Woods using a cup anemometer (Vector Instruments A100LK/5M) in winter and a Gill Sonic-1 in summer, the time resolution varies between these instruments. Local climate data, including long term wind data, are available from the Environmental Change Network (https://doi.org/10.5285/fc9bcd1c-e3fc-4c5a-b569-2fe62d40f2f5 or data.ecn.ac.uk).12 years ago
- This data resource provides plot-level plant occurrence data for the first four years (2015-2018) of the National Plant Monitoring Scheme (covering the UK, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man). Data consist of individual observations of plants, and other habitat characteristics, at the metre-scale; observations are accompanied by percentage cover information recorded according to the Domin frequency-abundance scale commonly used in plant community ecology. Other information provided includes the plot type (size, shape, according to the NPMS classification), the volunteer-recorded NPMS habitat, the date of sampling, and information regarding the spatial location of the plot. Information contained within the metadata file should allow users to reconstruct the sampling history (including gaps) of any plot that has been sampled within the NPMS scheme between 2015 and 2018. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Please be aware that this dataset is updated annually and that more recent versions exist.12 years ago
- Land Cover Map 2007 (LCM2007) is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors. It also covers Northern Ireland and incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible, incorporating land cover classes sought by other users. LCM2007 is produced in both vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. This dataset consists of the 25m raster version for Great Britain only.02 years ago
- This dataset contains total nitrogen (N) deposition at a 1km x 1km resolution in the UK, annually from 1990 to 2017. N deposition is presented as reduced N (NHx) and oxidised N (NOy), both of which are split into wet and dry portions. Values are given for forest and moorland land cover, as well as a weighted mean to each grid cell (‘grid average’).12 years ago
- This dataset contains includes measurements of trees and lianas stem diameters and status (e.g. alive, dead), and lightning strike data for forest areas within the Ankasa Conservation Area, collected between June 2018 and July 2021. We investigated tree mortality drive by lightning strikes in a 50-ha (1000 m x 500 m) plot area in the Ankasa Conservation Area, located in southwestern Ghana. The 50-ha was divided into 50 x 1-ha forest plots. In every census, we measured and tagged all trees and lianas that have a stem diameter at 1.3 m (or above buttresses) of ≥25 cm and notes were taken about the tree's living status (e.g., broken, hollow) or the trees death mode (e.g., uprooted, standing). Lightning strike data was collected from a subsample of the individual trees recorded in the census data.02 years ago
- This dataset contains the codes for water laboratory analysis, water sample identification, sampling dates and locations for water samples collected from the Tamar catchment in winter 2013/2014 as part of the South West project. It should be used in conjunction with datasets describing water bacteria and water eukaryote operational taxonomic unit sequence data.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises characteristics of three-spined stickleback fish including length, weight, sex, condition factor (K-factor), cortisol and glucose concentration, RNA:DNA ratio and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity normalised to liver homogenate protein concentration. These data were collected by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology from three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) captured in the River Ray (south west England) at sites downstream of an urban waste water treatment works (Rodborne WWTW) prior to (2005-2007), and following (2008), remediation of the WWTW effluent with granular activated carbon (GAC) tertiary treatment. During the same period fish were also sampled from neighbouring reference rivers (R. Ock, Childrey Brook).12 years ago
- This is a vector data set representing the land surface of Great Britain, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This vector Land Parcel dataset is the result of intersecting the 10m raster classified pixel datasets with the UKCEH Land Parcel Spatial Framework to generate summary land parcel attributes for each land cover parcel. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2022 products are available from the LCM2022 product documentation.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises three gridded drought indicators based on remote sensing data for Europe. The data has a spatial resolution of 0.05 degree and a temporal resolution of 1 month for the period going from 2000 to 2015. The three drought indicators are: the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) based on satellite product NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index); - the Temperature Condition Index (TCI) based on remotely sensed LST (Land Surface Temperature) - the Vegetation Health Index (VHI) which is a combination of VCI and TCI, calculated using MODIS products12 years ago
- Monthly Standardised Groundwater level Index (SGI) for observation boreholes across the UK from 1891 to 2015, based on reconstructed groundwater level time series (Bloomfield et al., 2018; https://doi.org/10.5285/ccfded8f-c8dc-4a24-8338-5af94dbfcc16). Standardised groundwater levels have been estimated using a non-parametric normal scores transform of groundwater level data for each calendar month. Probability estimates of an SGI being less than 0, -1, -1.5 and -2 are also provided.12 years ago
- The dataset details global positioning system (GPS) locations recorded for survey quadrats at six UK saltmarsh sites. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England, each of these sites consisted of a salt marsh area and adjacent mudflat area. Each site comprised 22 quadrats on the unvegetated mudflat and 22 quadrats on the salt marsh. The locations indicated by this dataset correspond to the south-east corner of the quadrats which were 1m square and oriented with their sides aligned North-South and East-West. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset provides the details of all sites which have been monitored as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Data includes the location within the UK, the length and width of the line transect on each site, and how long the transect has been monitored. The UKBMS started in 1976 with fewer than 50 sites. The number of sites monitored each year has increased to over a thousand since 2008. There is turnover in sites monitored each year and details of the first and last year in which each site was surveyed are given. The majority of site data is provided by recorders at the time a transect is created. The majority of these recorders are volunteers. The Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) collate the data and the UKBMS is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC).12 years ago
- This dataset presents the mean topsoil (0-15 cm) organic carbon concentration (g kg-1) and measures of its variability at 1 km resolution across Great Britain. The mean and variability metrics were calculated from an ensemble of eight previously published digital soil maps applied to all 1 km grid cells across GB where data were available from all eight maps. Four of the maps were generated from the 2007 UKCEH Countryside Survey topsoil data, two of which are available online to use. Two maps are from the International Soil Reference and Information Centre, ISRIC: SoilGrids250m v.1 (2017) and v.2 (2020) which are free to download. Two maps are from the EU’s Joint Research Centre (JRC): the OCTOP map of 2004 and LUCAS map of 2014 which are both free to download. The dataset comes in the form of a seven-band raster tiff file, with each band representing the following: 1. Mean predicted soil organic carbon concentration (g kg-1) of all eight maps at each 1 km grid cell 2. Standard deviation (g kg-1) of all eight maps at each 1 km grid cell 3. Coefficient of variation (unitless; the standard deviation divided by the mean) at each 1 km grid cell 4. Signal to noise ratio (unitless; the mean divided by the standard deviation) at each 1 km grid cell 5. Name of the map that deviates the most from the ensemble mean at each 1 km grid cell 6. Relative size (%) of the largest difference from the ensemble mean at each 1 km grid cell 7. Relative size of the largest difference from the ensemble mean expressed as the number of standard deviations exceeded at each 1 km grid cell This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises mathematically modelled data of soil-water saturation, along vertical profiles, at 6 sites near the Namoi River, south-eastern Australia. The vertical profiles span the soil surface down to 10m deep, divided into 944 intervals. The 6 sites are located at different distances from the Namoi River and are split between 2 locations (Old Mollee and Yarral East). The distances from the river channel at each location are, Old Mollee: 50m, 140m and 320m, and Yarral East: 40m, 110m and 290m. The dataset underpins figures presented in Evans et al. (2018). The data were modelled as part of a PhD project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council and the National Trust.12 years ago
- This datasets contains the anonymised results of a survey of well owners in Kisumu, Kenya. Data includes information on the amount of water abstracted daily from the well and ways in which this water was used and handled, information on other sources of water (e.g. piped utility water and rainwater) and how this is used, and the assets and services that the well owner has access to. Answers from questions to assess food poverty are also included. The surveys were carried out during February and March 2014 and include data from 51 well owners. The data were collected as part of the Groundwater2030 project, which aims to reduce the health problems that result from consumption of contaminated groundwater in urban areas of Africa. The project was co-ordinated by the University of Southampton, with partners at the University of Surrey, the Victoria Institute of Research on Environment and Development (VIRED) International, and the Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology. The project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council and the Department for International Development as part of the Unlocking the Potential of Groundwater for the Poor (UPGro) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset contains height, foliage height diversity, mean crown area, tree count, bedrock, elevation, age, aspect and slope data for woodlands under 1ha in size that were also covered by Defra’s LiDAR survey in the year 2011 in the Isle of Wight. These data were collected to see if the presence of an adjacent older neighbour affects woodland structure and height in recently created woodlands. Data was processed by the author under NERC Grant NE/S007458/1 PANORAMA - A Yorkshire partnership for training in environmental careers12 years ago
- These data are cellulolytic decomposition in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as a control (no addition of deciduous leaves). To characterise the cellulolytic decomposition of the studied streams, cotton strips were placed and then collected during January 2013 (before deciduous leaf addition) and March 2013 (after deciduous leaf addition) in each sampling reach. The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity and litter decomposition respond to leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Dr Dan Perkins was in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme.12 years ago
- Here, we present a comprehensive traits database for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland. The database covers 968 species in 21 families. Ecological traits fall into four main categories: life cycle ecology and phenology, host plant specificity and characteristics, breeding habitat, and morphological characteristics. The database also contains data regarding species distribution, conservation status, and temporal trends for abundance and occupancy. This database can be used for a wide array of purposes including further fundamental research on species and community responses to environmental change, conservation and management studies, and evolutionary biology. A more recent version of the dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.5285/33a66d6a-dd9b-4a19-9026-cf1ffb969cdb entitled 'Traits data for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland, 2022'.12 years ago
- This dataset is derived from modelled changes to the distributions of >12,700 terrestrial mammal and bird species under four different climate scenarios, projected to 2070. It contains national-level projections of species richness change under each climate scenario, based on species' modelled climatic niches, as well as projected range shifts in relation to political borders globally.12 years ago
- Data are presented from an ozone exposure experiment performed on four African crops. The crops (Beans, Cowpeas, Amaranth and Sorghum) were exposed to three different levels of ozone and two heat treatments in the UK CEH Bangor solardomes. The experiment ran from May 2018 to September 2018. The crop plants were grown from seed, in pots in solardomes. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the impact of ozone exposure on the crop yield and plant health. The dataset comprises of manually collected data on plant physiology, biomass and yield. In addition the automatically logged data of ozone concentration and meteorological variables in the solardomes are presented. Plant physiology data is stomatal conductance of individual leaves, measured on an ad-hoc basis. The dataset includes the associated data measured by the equipment (relative humidity, leaf temperature, photosynthetically active radiation – a small number of photosynthetically active radiation measurements are missing due to faulty readings). Soil moisture of the pots was always measured at the same time, and chlorophyll content of the measured leaf was usually, but not always, determined at the same time. Yield of beans and cowpeas was determined for each plant. For Amaranth, only the seed head weight was determined. Sorghum did not reach yield, therefore, total biomass at harvest is given as an alternative. Total biomass was not determined for those plants of other crop types that did reach yield. The ozone and meteorological dataset is complete, but with some gap-filling for short periods when the computer was not logging data The work was carried out as part of the NERC funded SUNRISE project (NE/R000131/1).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of measures of topsoil (0-15cm) physico-chemical properties from soils sampled from the first 100 1km squares across Great Britain in 2019 as part of a rolling soil and vegetation monitoring program of 500 1km squares repeated every 5 years. The properties included are: soil organic matter (loss on ignition (LOI)), derived carbon concentration, total soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen, Olsen-phosphorous, pH, electrical conductivity, soil bulk density of fine earth and fine earth volumetric water content. The UKCEH Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and predecessors, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way, we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, vegetation species data are also gathered by the current phase of the Countryside Survey. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.02 years ago
- This dataset contains gridded human population with a spatial resolution of 1 km x 1 km for the UK based on Census 2011 and Land Cover Map 2015 input data. Data on population distribution for the United Kingdom is available from statistical offices in England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland and provided to the public e.g. via the Office for National Statistics (ONS). Population data is typically provided in tabular form or, based on a range of different geographical units, in file types for geographical information systems (GIS), for instance as ESRI Shapefiles. The geographical units reflect administrative boundaries at different levels of detail, from Devolved Administration to Output Areas (OA), wards or intermediate geographies. While the presentation of data on the level of these geographical units is useful for statistical purposes, accounting for spatial variability for instance of environmental determinants of public health requires a more spatially homogeneous population distribution. For this purpose, the dataset presented here combines 2011 UK Census population data on Output Area level with Land Cover Map 2015 land-use classes 'urban' and 'suburban' to create a consistent and comprehensive gridded population data product at 1 km x 1 km spatial resolution. The mapping product is based on British National Grid (OSGB36 datum).12 years ago
- Data are presented on earthworm abundance with distance from hedgerows was recorded for arable fields and pasture leys at farms at Little Langton, Hutton Wandesley, Overton and Whenby, Yorkshire. Sampling was carried out 12 to 26th May 2016. Pits were excavated and soil hand sorted for earthworms. Mustard solution was then poured into the pit and any emerging earthworms collected. All earthworms were preserved in ethanol for identification using the Sims and Gerard Field studies key. At each pit the following measurements were also taken: soil moisture, soil temperature, soil bulk density. The samples were taken to determine the influence of leys on soil quality by Miranda Prendergast-Miller and colleagues as part of the SoilBioHedge project (Grant Reference NE/M017095/1) funded by the NERC Soil Security Programme. (Grant Reference NE/M017044/1).12 years ago
- The dataset comprises of physical and biogeochemical measurements of saltmarsh soils from across 19 UK saltmarshes. The data provides a quantitative measure of soil dry bulk density, organic carbon content, nitrogen content, CN ratio, N/C ratio, δ13Corg and δ15N across varies substrate and marsh types. Between 2018 and 2021, 33 wide diameter gouge cores (60 mm in diameter) were collected as part of the Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environments (C-SIDE) project to facilitate the calculation of organic carbon burial rates in saltmarsh soils. Sites were chosen to represent contrasting habitats types in the UK, in particular sediment types, vegetation and sea level history. The work was carried out under the NERC programme - Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environment (C-SIDE), NERC grant reference NE/R010846/1.12 years ago
- This dataset includes measured DOC concentration, and modelled DOC concentration derived from UV-visible absorbance spectra. We also include measured chlorophyll concentration, pH and conductivity. The natural water samples were collected from freshwater ecosystems in the UK, and site names and locations. Samples were also collected at set intervals throughout the year, from mesocosm experiments simulating natural lake ecosystems. Data on measured and modelled DOC concentration, chlorophyll concentration, pH and conductivity for the mesocosms sampled, are also included.12 years ago
- This dataset provides values of sulphur and nitrogen deposition, deposition of non-marine base cations and concentration values for ammonia (NH3), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) on the UK nature conservation protected sites, averaged over the years 2017 to 2019. The dataset also includes calculated minimum, maximum and gridded average values for each site. Protected nature sites covered are: (i) Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) (ii) Special Protection Areas (SPA) (iii) Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). The data consist of values of nitrogen and acid deposition, non-marine base cation deposition, and concentrations of ammonia (NH3) based on the Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED), and concentrations of NOx and SO2 using the Pollution Climate Mapping (PCM) model. Nitrogen and acid deposition data is also given for specific habitat types including: (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, (ii) forest everywhere, and (iii) the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) These habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances using the relevant deposition/habitat type.12 years ago
- Frog data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. Variables measured include phenology (i.e. the dates when frogs start congregating, spawning, when hatching occurs and when the frogs leave), number of spawn masses, total surface area covered by spawn, percentage of dead spawn, depth, pH, conductivity, alkalinity, aluminium, calcium, chloride, ammonium, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphorous, potassium, sulphate sulphur, sodium, total nitrogen and total dissolved phosphorous. These data are collected at ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous records from 1994 to 2012. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.02 years ago
- High-resolution water quality data from the River Frome catchment, Dorset, UK, August-September 2022This dataset contains high-frequency water quality measurements taken at multiple sites in the River Frome catchment area, Dorset, UK. Water quality data consists of a mixture of 30-min sensor readings and frequent grab samples. Also included are high-frequency discharge readings at Environment Agency (EA) managed flow gauging stations and at sewage treatment work (STW) effluents. These measurements were taken between 12/08/2022 and 14/09/2022 inclusive. Measurements were recorded at multiple river sites, boreholes, and STW effluents. All sites are contained within the catchment area between the Environment Agency gauging stations located at Dorchester and East Stoke i.e., the lower part of the River Frome. In total, 24 monitoring sites exist. The data were collected for PhD project “Supporting river water-quality management by high-resolution modelling: a case study in a lowland permeable chalk catchment” awarded to Thomas Homan and funded under GW4 FRESH CDT, supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/R0115241). Water quality data were collected by Thomas Homan (PhD candidate at the University of Bath). Wessex Water Ltd. provided high frequency measurements of ammonium and discharge at their STW sites, borehole water quality measurements, as well as high-frequency nitrate measurements at sites: Louds Mill and East Stoke. The Environment Agency discharge data were provided under the terms of the Open Government Licence12 years ago
- This dataset consists of hourly air temperature and wind speed data from a meteorological station sited on top of a boat house, located in Cumbria, England, next to Esthwaite Water. Measurements were taken every 4 minutes and calculated as hourly averages. The data were collected by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology between 2008 and 2011 inclusive. This dataset has been used in various publications, please see supporting documentation for more detail.12 years ago
- Dataset contains water chemistry data (pH, conductivity, dissolved carbon, dissolved gases, absorbance) from natural and artificial/restoration peat pools in Scottish peatlands. Water samples were collected seasonally from three sites, and more frequently (up to weekly) from one site, within the Flow Country. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/J007609/102 years ago
- This is part of a long-term monitoring dataset from fortnightly sampling at the North Basin of Windermere in Cumbria, England. The data have been collected by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH). The data available to download comprise hypolimnion temperature (TEMP) in degree Celsius, and hypolimnion dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) in mg per litre. All data have been measured in a depth of 60 to 62 m. All data are from January 2005 until the end of 2009. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- We determined the soil hydrological characteristics for 51 sites located in three regions in the Corridor Ankeniheny-Zahamena (CAZ) in Madagascar. The sites differed in terms of land use and land history: closed canopy forests, reforestation sites, tree fallows, shrub fallows, degraded grassland sites and eucalyptus plantations.12 years ago
- This dataset contains greenhouse gas flux data and vegetation survey data from an experiment based at Winklebury Hill, UK. The vegetation survey comprises total species percentage cover and species richness data from four 50 cm by 50 cm quadrats. The greenhouse gas flux data comprises net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange, photosynthesis and respiration data measured with an Infra-red Gas Analyser (IRGA); methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide data measured using gas chromatography; and nitrate and ammonium from soil samples extracted with potassium chloride. The experiment used seeds and plug plants to create different plant communities on the bare chalk on Winklebury Hill and tested the resulting carbon and nutrient cycling rates and compared these to the characteristics of different plant functional groups. The experiment ran from 2013 to 2016 and this dataset contains data from 2014 only. This experiment was part of the Wessex BESS project, a six-year (2011-2017) project aimed at understanding how biodiversity underpins the ecosystem functions and services that landscapes provide.12 years ago
- These data are derived from a dust leaching experiment, an in-lake mesocosm experiment and from sediment cores obtained from lakes in the Kangerlussuaq area of West Greenland. The dust leaching experiment was set up in 2017 and the data show which elements and ions were leached from dust into different types of waters. The in-lake mesocosm experiment applied dust over a two week period in July 2018 resulting in chemical and algal pigment data. Data on chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments are presented from sediment cores sampled from six lakes 2017 and sectioned into 0.5-1cm intervals.12 years ago
- This dataset contains records for vegetation in 49 plots across 14 fragmented forest sites and 4 continuous forest sites in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Living vegetation and deadwood were surveyed in two or three 0.28-ha plots in each of the eighteen sites. In addition to vegetation data, the dataset contains topsoil parameters, measurements of forest structure, and metrics of the degree of forest fragmentation in the landscape surrounding the plots. These data were collected in order to conduct studies examining (1) the factors supporting invasion of exotic plant species into fragmented forest areas; and (2) the value of conservation set-asides for carbon storage and associated plant diversity in oil palm plantations.12 years ago
- Modelled annual average production loss (thousand tonnes per 1 degree by 1 degree grid cell) due to ground-level ozone pollution is presented for the crops maize (Zea mays), rice (Oryza sativa), soybean (Glycine max) and wheat (Triticum aestivum), for the period 2010-2012. Data are on a global scale, based on the distribution of production for each crop, according to the Food and Agriculture Organisation’s (FAO) Global Agro-Ecological Zones (GAEZ) crop production data for the year 2000. Modelled ozone data (2010-2012) needed for production loss calculations were derived from the EMEP MSC-W (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme, Meteorological Synthesising Centre-West) chemical transport model (version 4.16). Mapping the global crop production losses due to ozone highlights the impact of ozone on crops and allows areas at high risk of ozone damage to be identified, which is a step towards mitigation of the problem. The production loss calculations were done as part of the NERC funded SUNRISE project (NEC06476) and National Capability Project NC-Air quality impacts on food security, ecosystems and health (NEC05574).12 years ago
- These spatial layers contain risk factors and overall risk scores, representing relative risk of Phytophthora infection (Phytophthora ramorum and P. kernoviae), for Core Native Woodland and known larch fragments across Scotland. Risk factors include climate suitability, proximity to road and river networks and suitability of habitat for key hosts of Phytophthora and were broadly concurrent with the period between 2007 and 2013. This research was funded by the Scottish Government under research contract CR/2008/55, 'Study of the epidemiology of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora kernoviae in managed gardens and heathlands in Scotland' and involved collaborators from St Andrews University, Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture (SASA), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), Forestry Commission, the Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA) and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH).12 years ago
- The dataset contains information of Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) of 8,729 trees. These trees are distributed in 29 RAINFOR network forest plots across the Brazilian Amazon, comprising the states of Acre, Mato Grosso and Pará. All the plot censuses are located in terra-firme non-flooded lowland forests. The measurements were collected between 2017 and 2019. The Amazon Forest Inventory Network is a long-term, international collaboration to understand the dynamics of Amazon ecosystems. Since 2000 they have developed a framework for systematic monitoring of forests from the ground-up, centred on plots that track the fate of trees and species, and includes soil and plant biogeochemical records, as well as intensive monitoring of carbon cycle processes at some sites. RAINFOR works with partners across the nations of Amazonia to support and sustain forest monitoring and help develop new generations of Amazon ecologists. The work of RAINFOR is currently supported by funding agencies in Brazil, the UK, and the EU.12 years ago
- The dataset details larger mobile fish and macrofaunal abundance across six intertidal sites in the winter and summer of 2013, sampled using fyke nets. The data provide a quantitative measure of larger mobile invertebrate and fish species present in fyke nets caught over two executive tidal cycles at three sites in Essex, South East England and three more sites in Morecambe Bay, North West England. At each site, 22 sampling quadrats were placed on the mud flat covering 4 spatial scales. At each of these, unbaited fyke nets were deployed perpendicular to the shore over two tidal cycles. Upon removal, the species were identified to species level and individuals counted. For each species wet weight (g) was calculated. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This is a long-term monitoring dataset of surface temperature, surface oxygen, water clarity, water chemistry and phytoplankton chlorophyll a from fortnightly sampling by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (and previously the Institute of Freshwater Ecology) at Bassenthwaite Lake in Cumbria, England. The data available to download comprise surface temperature (TEMP) in degree Celsius, surface oxygen saturation (OXYG) in % air-saturation, Secchi depth (SECC) in metres, alkalinity (ALKA) in µg per litre as CaCO3 and pH. Ammonium (NH4N), nitrate (NO3N), soluble reactive phosphate (PO4P), total phosphorus (TOTP), dissolved reactive silicon expressed as SiO2 (SIO2) and phytoplankton chlorophyll a (TOCA) are all given in µg per litre. Water samples are based on a sample integrated from 0 to 5 m. Measurements are made from a boat at a marked location (buoy) at the deepest part of the lake. When it was not possible to visit the buoy, samples were taken from the shore, thus water samples were not integrated on these occasions, marked as Flag 2. All data are from August 1990 until the end of 2013.12 years ago
- This is a dataset of environmental variables, total invertebrate abundance, and mean invertebrate body mass, sampled at 60 soil habitat patches in the Hengill geothermal valley, Iceland, from May to July 2015. The habitat patches span a temperature gradient of 5 to 22 deg C on average over the sampling period, yet they occur within 2 km of each other and have similar soil moisture, pH, total carbon, and total nitrogen.12 years ago
- This dataset includes results from biodiversity, social and environmental surveys of 49 oil palm smallholders and farms in Perak, Malaysia. Biodiversity data includes sticky trap data on flying invertebrate abundance (identified to higher-level order), transect data on assassin bugs, Nephila spp. spiders and butterflies (identified to species), and data on mealworm removal from each plot. Environmental data includes soil temperature readings recorded over 24 hours, information on the size of the plot, crop type and cover, GPS location, vegetation cover, vegetation height, canopy density, epiphyte cover, soil pH, soil moisture, leaf litter depth, horizon depths, palm herbivory and palm health. Social data includes information (all anonymised) on plot area, number of palms, sociodemographic data, plantation management practices applied, knowledge and value assigned to wildlife, and yield. Data were collected from December 2021 to July 202202 years ago
- Aquatic carbon (dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon and the carbon isotopic composition of DIC) and nutrients (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, total soluble phosphorus and silica) in rainfall fractions (rainwater, throughfall, stemflow and overland flow) were sampled in the Western Amazonian basin. The samples were collected towards the end of a wet season April - May 2012. Rainfall and throughfall samples were collected in plastic buckets. Stemflow samples were collected using stemflow collection systems. Overland samples were collected using a a plastic pipe cut lengthways directing flow into a plastic bucket. Established standard methods were used to analyse the DIC, DOC and nutrients. These methods are outlined in the lineage. The samples were taken to understand the nutrient and carbon delivery in rainwater as well as leaching from tree canopies, stems and from the soil surface. The data collection was carried out as part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded Amazonica project (NE/F005482/1).12 years ago
- These data comprise substrate utilisation profiles (using the BIOLOG gram-negative method) and moisture content data from soil sampled in an upland grassland experiment at Sourhope, Scotland. BIOLOG-GN (gram-negative) substrate utilisation analyses were used to give an indication of the ability of a subset of the bacterial community to utilise various carbon sources. These data include both temporal and spatial diversity in different depths of semi-natural grassland soil cores collected at different sample dates. Samples were collected in July 1999, October 1999, April 2000 and August 2000. Data were collected as part of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme, established in 1999 and centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute)'s farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT 8545 1963). During this time, the site was monitored to assess changes in aboveground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- This dataset contains daily micro-meteorological data from the experimental plots at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. It runs from 15/7/1999 until 30/06/2015, and contains air temperature (deg C), soil temperature (deg C) at two depths (5 and 20 cm) as well as soil moisture. The dataset has been quality checked, and incorrect or missing values removed, data has not been infilled. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20-30 years.12 years ago
- The data set contains grain size distributions, organic matter (OM) contents and trace metals distribution metal distribution (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr and Pb) of seven (7) shallow cores of sediments from the Notwane Dam (southern Botswana). The cores have been collected with a push corer using PVC pipes of 5 cm diameter by a team from BIUST led by Dr. Franchi between November 2017 and February 2018. The data were collected as part of the PULA project, which aimed at understanding the immediate effect of heavy rainfall and floods on water resources in arid Botswana and their transitional hydrologic readjustment towards the dry period, and the role of these events in supporting either or both resources replenishment and contamination. Grain size profiles of the cores have been obtained by analyzing wet sediments with a laser diffraction particle size analyzer. The OM content of the sediments was obtained by measuring the loss on ignition (LOI) of bulk sediments after calcination in a muffle furnace. The sediments have been analyzed for trace metal distribution using a Microwave Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (MP-AES). The grain size distribution has allowed to pinpoint the presence of flood couplets, characterized by coarse lags followed by fine grained materials. The trace metal distribution profiles have been compared with the flood couplets to assess the entity of metal mobilization during floods and subsequent droughts.12 years ago
- The data contains the genetic identity of parents (maternal and paternal identities and assignment probabilities) identified from DNA extracted from tail tips analysed using the MASTERBAYES program, for individual banded mongooses in a wild population on the Mweya Peninsula, Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda between 2000-2019. A nine generation deep genetic pedigree was constructed from which maternity and paternity assignments were calculated. This data was used to calculate lifetime reproductive success for individuals in the population who were exposed to conflict with rival groups to determine the fitness costs and benefits of intergroup conflict. In addition the type of microsatellite panel used to genotype the DNA samples is recorded.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (length) data for linear features across Great Britain in 1990 in a vector format. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 508 1km squares surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project, then scaling up to a national level. The data are presented as mean lengths per 1km square for seven different feature categories within 45 different land class types, based on the ITE Land Classification. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to linear features, habitat areas, species plot, soil plot, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset contains free residual chlorine, turbidity, nitrate, chloride, sulphate, fluoride, phosphate and thermatolerant coliform concentrations in groundwater from a variety of sources within two neighbourhoods of Kisumu, Kenya. A total of 73 groundwater sources were tested between February and March 2014. The data were collected as part of the Groundwater2030 project, which aims to reduce the health problems that result from consumption of contaminated groundwater in urban areas of Africa. The project was co-ordinated by the University of Southampton, with partners at the University of Surrey, the Victoria Institute of Research on Environment and Development (VIRED) International, and the Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology. The project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council and the Department for International Development as part of the Unlocking the Potential of Groundwater for the Poor (UPGro) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of landscape point feature information for points across Great Britain, surveyed in 1984. Data are presented as rows of information recorded as point features (for example individual trees, water bodies or structures), with associated vegetation species where relevant, within a set of 382 1km squares across Great Britain, surveyed during the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project (note: not all surveyed squares contained point features). The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to point features, habitat areas, vegetation species data, soil data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- Data comprise monthly ammonia air concentrations from UK CEH ALPHA® (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) samplers co-located with UKEAP DELTA sites. The UK Eutrophying and Acidifying atmospheric Pollutants (UKEAP) network measures air pollutants at rural sites across the UK. The UK CEH ALPHA® sampler is a passive sampler for measuring NH3 in air. Originally the purpose of these measurements was for a calibrated ALPHA® uptake rate for the UK CEH Edinburgh research laboratory. Local site operator duties are completed by UK CEH staff and AFBI staff (at Hillsborough) and analysis is completed by UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Edinburgh. The sites were set up on 1st March 2020 and measurements are ongoing.12 years ago
- The meteorological data describes the air and soil temperatures, net radiation balance, down-welling photosynthetically active radiation, wind speed, wind direction and the vapour pressure deficit. Data collection was carried out at Abbotts Hall marsh from the 15th of December 2012 till the 27th of January 2015. The Abbotts Hall site is in Essex, South East England, and the meteorological tower was situated in the middle of the marsh. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset contains a time series of species-specific fish abundances and covariates for 1180 fish sites in English rivers. Sites with at least ten annual fish surveys in the Environment Agency’s (EA) National Fish Population Database (NFPD) between 1975 and 2017 inclusive were selected. Covariate data include habitat quality indicators (River Habitat Survey and HABSCORE outputs), climatic variables (Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Oscillation indices), land-use change, river hydrology, water temperature, effluent dilution factor and concentrations of chemical determinands. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/S000100/2).12 years ago
- The dataset contains denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and nitrification activity of riverine sediments in the Hampshire Avon catchment (UK). Six rivers within sub-catchments of contrasting geology (clay, sand, chalk) were investigated. Data were obtained via direct, field-based measurements in seasonal campaigns conducted between spring 2013 and winter 2014. Also included are chemical parameters determined in porewaters prior to in situ rate measurements.12 years ago
- The dataset details global positioning system (GPS) locations and elevations recorded for 1323 sampling sites across UK saltmarshes. Between 2018 and 2021, soil was sampled at 1323 locations as part of the Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environments (C-SIDE) project to facilitate the calculation of saltmarsh soil organic carbon stocks and burial rates. Sites were chosen to represent contrasting habitat types in the UK, in particular sediment types, vegetation and sea level history. The work was carried out under the NERC programme - Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environment (C-SIDE), NERC grant reference NE/R010846/1.12 years ago
- Precipitation chemistry data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. Variables measured include pH, conductivity, alkalinity, aluminium, calcium, chloride, ammonium, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphorous, potassium, sulphate sulphur, sodium, total nitrogen and total dissolved phosphorous. These data are collected by a bulk collector at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous weekly records from 1992 to 2012. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.02 years ago
- This dataset contains measurements of greenhouse gas exchange (carbon dioxide and methane) over a site restored from plantation forest to peat in 2003/2004, in the Flow Country, Caithness and Sutherland. It contains eddy-covariance and associated meteorological and pedological measurements from 2014-07-08 14:30 to 2022-12-31 at half-hourly intervals. The carbon dioxide time series has been gap-filled to allow the calculation of annual budgets for carbon exchange. The site reference is UK-LNS ( http://www.europe-fluxdata.eu/home/sites-list ).02 years ago
- This dataset contains time series observations of surface-atmosphere exchanges of net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE), sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE), and momentum (τ) measured at a short rotation coppice willow plantation in Lincolnshire, UK. Turbulent flux densities were monitored using the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) technique between 9 January 2014 and 26 November 2017. The dataset includes ancillary weather and soil physics observations, as well as variables describing atmospheric turbulence and the quality of the turbulent flux observations. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The data contains bird species records from the Vale do Paraíba and Serra do Mar regions in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Bird species were surveyed using point counts between December 2015 and February 2017, with four temporal replicates per point for which the number of replicates in which each bird species was detected is recorded. A total of thirty-four fragmented and fifteen near continuous land-use landscapes were surveyed using a nine-point grid system with each point separated by 75m. For fragmented landscapes three of the points were situated within a native forest fragment, three at the fragment edge and three in the surrounding matrix habitat. Fifteen fragments had a Eucalyptus plantation matrix and nineteen had a pasture matrix. Continuous land-use landscapes were split equally between native forest, plantation forest and pasture. A total of 267 bird species were detected across the different land-use types.12 years ago
- This dataset includes measurements of soil respiration in 20 plots (250 x 10 m each) in the Brazilian Amazon. Study plots were distributed across a gradient of forest disturbance, including: undisturbed primary forests , logged primary forests, logged-and-burned primary forests, and secondary forests. Data were collected from January 2015 until November 2017. In December 2015, during the El Niño-mediated drought, eight of our study plots were affected by understory fires.12 years ago
- The study is part of the NERC Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. This project investigated the links between quality food production and biodiversity protection by asking the question: can production systems that use and maintain biodiverse natural grasslands, translate that into a source of additional product value in the production of meat and cheese and therefore benefit rural economies? The aim was to inverse the conventional understanding of landscape or environmental quality as the outcome of well managed farming to explore the idea of natural grassland biodiversity as an input into more sustainable farming and as an integral component of product quality. This dataset consists of the grassland botanical composition and chemical soil analyses resulting from this project. A botanical field survey of a number of sample grazing sites on selected case study farms records the plant species present within a representative area of phytosociologically homogeneous vegetation and the percentage cover that each species vertically projects onto the ground surface. Soil analyses of sample sites determines soil composition, pH and minerals. Land management, consumer opinion and nutritional data from this study are available at the UK Data Archive under study number 6159 (see online resources). Further documentation for this study may be found through the RELU Knowledge Portal and the project's ESRC funding award web page (see online resources).12 years ago
- This dataset contains the dive times (dive start time and dive end time) and depths (maximum depth attained on a dive) of three species of auk from the Isle of May outside the seabird breeding season. Data were collected from 12 Atlantic puffin individuals (Fratercula arctica), 13 common guillemot (Uria aalge) and 13 razorbill (Alca torda). Atlantic puffin data were collected between 19th July 2008 to 3rd December 2008; common guillemot data from 20th July 2005 to 28th January 2006; razorbill data from 1st July 2008 to 24th January 2009.12 years ago
- Concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and physichochemical data on wastewater samples collected from six sites across England and Wales between March and July 2020. Also included are the number of COVID-19 positive tests and COVID-19 related deaths for the same period collated from publicly available records. COVID-19 data relate to the lower tier local authority that the wastewater treatment plant was located within.12 years ago
- This dataset provides data on the timing of butterfly flight periods for each UK butterfly species across all monitored sites in the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Annual data from over 2,500 sites are presented relating to the timing (first appearance, last appearance, date of peak abundance and mean flight date) and the duration (total number of days, standard deviation around the mean flight date) of the flight period for all UK butterfly species from 1976 to 2022. In addition, these data are divided each year for eleven multi-voltine species to provide separate phenology data for distinct flight periods associated with first and subsequent generations. Phenology change is a widely used measure of the biological impacts of climate change because of the close relationship between temperature and the timing of biological events. This dataset provides an invaluable tool for assessing the impacts of climate change both spatially and temporally. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This is the 20m classified pixels dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2018(LCM2018) representing Northern Ireland. It describes Northern Ireland's land cover in 2018 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset is the Random Forest classification result from classifying a 20m pixel raster containing multi-season spectral information combined with context layers, which help to resolve spectral confusion. It is provided as a 2-band, 8-bit integer raster. The band-1 is the UKCEH Land Cover Class identifier, band-2 is an indicator of classification confidence. For a fuller description please refer to the product documentation. LCM2018 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2018. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2018. LCM2018 was simultaneously released with LCM2017 and LCM2019. These are the latest in a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Northern Ireland (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps LCM2000, LCM2007 and LCM2015. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This is the 25m rasterised land parcels dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2018(LCM2018) representing Northern Ireland. It describes Northern Ireland's land cover in 2018 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset was derived by rasterising the corresponding LCM2018 land parcels dataset into 25m pixels. It is provided as a 3-band, 8-bit integer raster. The first band is the UKCEH Land Cover Class identifier. Bands 2 and 3 are indicators of classification confidence. For a fuller description please refer to the product documentation. LCM2018 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2018. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2018. LCM2018 was simultaneously released with LCM2017 and LCM2019. These are the latest in a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Northern Ireland (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps LCM2000, LCM2007 and LCM2015. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Repeat electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) measurements were conducted over four sites to capture the changing resistivity of the soil throughout the agricultural growing season, with measurements taken in Spring, Summer, and Autumn to detect the change between the construction, production, and post-harvest stages of the crop. Initial measurements were undertaken in April/May, Summer measurements in June/July, and final measurements in September 2021.12 years ago
- This dataset contains records on the abundance and species richness of wild bees along transects in ten 1x1 km survey squares of the Leighfield forest region of Leicestershire and Rutland, UK collected in the Spring and Summer of 2020. The dataset also contains a 10 m resolution raster land cover map of the survey sites and spatially referenced GIS files of the survey transect paths. The work was carried out by the data authors to assess pollinator abundance and species richness within the rural landscape of Leighfield Forest. The research was funded through NERC Grant Reference : NE/L002493/1Central England NERC Training Alliance (CENTA)12 years ago
- Urban water quality and hydrometric data for a range of urban developments in in the south of England. Water quality has been obtained from fortnightly-monthly sampling of river water using a Manta 2 sonde, and includes the parameters: ammonium, DO, pH, specific conductivity, temperature and turbidity. Rainfall was measured using a number of 2mm tipping bucket raingauges across the urban sites and through QC deriving a 15min time series of rainfall in millimetres for each site. Flow in cumecs was derived from in-situ stream channel measurements of velocity and depth using ultrasonic flow monitoring gauges.12 years ago
- This dataset contains the transcripts of interviews and discussion groups on the current soya production from ten villages in the Gurue district, Zambezia province, Mozambique. The ten villages were selected from different stages of a land scarcity gradient running from villages with abundant land to those with intense land constraints, mainly driven by expanding agricultural activities and population density. The villages had similar infrastructure, soils, rainfall, and vegetation types. Interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with village small-scale soya producers, emergent soya farmers, managers of commercial soya producing operations, district officer, technicians of NGOs, formal and informal traders between July and December 2015. Data were collected as part of a project funded under the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the vector version of the Land Cover Map 2007 for Great Britain, containing individual parcels of land cover. The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2007. LCM2007 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2007 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions.12 years ago
- This dataset includes data collected as part of the Abrupt Changes in Ecosystem Services (ACES) project on the composition, income (including consumption and sale of environmental resources), ownership of assets (e.g. farming equipment, household furnishings and own transport) and wellbeing of respondent households in rural Mozambique. Data are also included from a participatory wealth ranking exercise carried out in each village. Data were collected in a total of 27 villages: 7 villages in Mabalane District in Gaza Province, 10 villages in Gurué District in Zambezia Province and 10 villages in Marrupa District in Niassa Province. Data collection was carried out in 2014 and 2015, using a one-off environmentally-augmented household income and assets survey administered by enumerators in the locally appropriate language. The objective of the ACES project was to explore interactions between woodland change, ecosystem services and wellbeing in rural Mozambican households. The study used a space-for-time substitution approach, with villages in each district chosen to represent different points on gradients of land use intensity with respect to the dominant land use types in each district (charcoal production in Mabalane, commercial agriculture in Gurué and subsistence agriculture in Marrupa). Data were collected primarily by researchers based in the School of Geosciences at the University of Edinburgh and at the University of Eduardo Mondlane in Mozambique. All the data collected using the household survey are included in this dataset barring those data which would compromise the anonymity of respondents, such as the names and household coordinates of those interviewed.12 years ago
- Data comprise root weight (fresh and dry), root biomass and carbon stock, root mat measurements, root architecture, litter measurements and pivot, stump and surface root data for trees selected using the Voronoi or Pit method and sampled in the Ankeniheny Zahamena forest corridor, the remains of the evergreen forest of eastern Madagascar. Data were collected as part of a project funded under the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme. Work package 4 P4GES project, grant references: NE/K008692/1, NE/K010115/1, and NE/K010220-112 years ago
- This dataset contains source attribution data for nitrogen and sulphur deposition across the UK. The FRAME (Fine Resolution Atmospheric Multi-Pollutant Exchange) atmospheric dispersion model, using emission data from 2012 was used to provide 90 source footprints of nitrogen and sulphur deposition across the UK on a 5 x 5 km grid. A minimum, maximum and gridded average deposition value has been provided for the following protected sites throughout the UK: (i) Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) (ii) Special Protection Areas (SPA) (iii) Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). The pollutants are further split into both wet and dry deposition, as well as local and long-range sources. Habitat-specific data are provided for (i) forest, (i) moorland (short semi-natural vegetation), and (iii) grid average (average of arable, grassland, urban, forest and moorland land cover types) forest everywhere. The work in generating and compiling this dataset has been funded by the UK pollution and conservation agencies: Natural Resource Wales (NRW), the Environment Agency, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Natural England, the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), Scotland and Northern Ireland Forum for Environmental Research (SNIFFER), the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), and Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH).12 years ago
- This dataset contains the projected fuel demand per vessel type in the year 2050 at 1377 ports around the world. The baseline fuel demand and the projected throughput at each port are also provided. Fourteen different trade scenarios are considered and trips shorter than 1000 km are excluded as these will likely be electrified. The projected fuel demand is given in tonnes of Heavy Fuel Oil.12 years ago
- Vegetation survey data comprise per-quadrat species level data and abundances, abundance cover classes (following Braun-Blanquet method), family, growth duration, habitat and native species. Data also contain ground cover class and Denisom reading for tree canopy cover. Data were collected from the South Fork McKenzie river, Oregon, USA in June 2021 following the Holiday Farm wildfire in Autumn 2020. Vegetation surveys were conducted in restored and unrestored reaches of the South Fork McKenzie River with a view to quantifying differences in vegetation response to wildfire in the restored vs. unrestored river reaches. The study was conducted by the University of Nottingham, with data collected by partners from The US Forest Service, Portland State University, Washington State University and Colorado State University. Funding for the work was received from the Natural Environment Research Council.12 years ago
- The dataset details macrofaunal biomass across 6 intertidal sites in the winter and summer of 2013. The data provide a quantitative measure of the biomass of individual invertebrate species present within the top 10cm of sediment. Three sites were located in Essex, South East England and the other 3 in Morecambe Bay, North West England. Each site consisted of a saltmarsh habitat and adjacent mudflat habitat. 22 sampling quadrats were placed in each habitat covering 4 spatial scales. 3 replicate cores of sediment were collected at each quadrat. They were sieved on a 0.5mm mesh and the macrofauna was removed, identified to species (or appropriate taxon) and individuals of each species weighed. Values for macrofaunal biomass are expressed as grams per square metre of sediment. Biomass data for mudflat habitats across Essex and Morecambe are complete, however, saltmarsh data is only available for one full Essex site (Tillingham Marsh), in one season (winter) and across all sites, at the 1m scale. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- Soil solution data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. Variables measured include pH, conductivity, alkalinity, aluminium, calcium, chloride, ammonium, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphorous, potassium, sulphate sulphur, sodium, total nitrogen and total dissolved phosphorous. These data are collected by suction samplers at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous fortnightly records from 1992 to 2012. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.02 years ago
- These data are a 2020-22 repeat of a survey undertaken in 1971, and again between 2000 and 2003, when 103 broadleaved woodlands were surveyed across Britain. Ecological information was recorded at the site level and in more detail from sixteen, 200 m-2 sample plots located at random within each site. Data were collected on plant species composition of the canopy and ground flora, soil pH and Soil Organic Matter, habitat management and a wide range of other plot and site-level descriptors. This edition of the survey, comprising a re-visit to 97 sites, was funded by a consortium led by the Woodland Trust, and carried out by professional ecologists managed by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. Users of the dataset should consult the supporting documentation for further information on field methods and analytical results.12 years ago
- These data provide results from serological analysis carried out on serum collected from cattle (sample number = 460), goats (sample number = 949) and sheep (Sample number = 574) combined with data collected at the household and subject/animal levels at the time of serum sampling. The data collected at the household and subject/animal levels were: the total number of livestock owned by a household, altitude, geographical coordinates of the sampling sites; and breed, age, sex and body condition score of an animal. The research was carried out in irrigated and non-irrigated areas in Tana River County, Kenya. Field surveys were implemented in August to November 2013 and laboratory analyses were completed in June 2015. Serum samples were harvested from blood samples obtained from animals and screened for anti-Rift Valley Fever (RVF) virus immunoglobulin G using inhibition (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) ELISA immunoassay. The household data was collected using Open Data Kit (ODK) loaded into smart phones. The serological analysis was performed to determine the risk of Rift Valley Fever virus exposure in cattle, sheep and goats. The aim of the survey was to investigate whether land use change, specifically the conversion of rangeland into cropland, affected RVF exposure pattern in livestock. The data were collected by experienced researchers from the Ministry of Livestock Development Nairobi, Kenya and the International Livestock Research Institute (Kenya). This dataset is part of a wider research project, the Dynamic Drivers of Disease in Africa Consortium (DDDAC). The research was funded by NERC project no NE-J001570-1 with support from the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation Programme (ESPA). Additional funding was provided by Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Research Program Agriculture for Nutrition and Health led by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).12 years ago
- This dataset provides daily estimates at locations that are part of the COSMOS-UK monitoring network for meteorological and potential evapotranspiration variables in the Climate hydrology and ecology research support system for the period 2013-2017 (CHESS-met and CHESS-PE). Additionally, for the same period, it provides estimates at COSMOS-UK sites locations for soil moisture simulations provided by JULES (Joint UK Land Environment Simulator) at four layers: top layer (0.0-0.1 m depth), second layer (0.1-0.35 m depth), third layer (0.35-1 m depth) and bottom layer (1-3 m depth). The following variables are available in the dataset: daily temperature range (K), specific humidity (kg kg-1), precipitation (kg m-2 s-1), air pressure (Pa), downward longwave radiation (W m-2), downward shortwave radiation (W m-2), wind speed (m s-1), potential evapotranspiration (mm day-1) and potential evapotranspiration with interception correction (mm day-1), soil moisture content of 1-top layer (m depth), soil moisture content of 2-second layer (m depth), soil moisture content of 3-third layer (m depth) and soil moisture content of 4-bottom layer (m depth).02 years ago
- The data consists of total arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonisation in fine roots in old growth forests in Central Amazon. Fine roots younger than three months were sampled using the ingrowth core technique in a large-scale nutrient fertilisation experiment. Total mycorrhizal colonisation is given as a mean of the plant community per plot, where five points inside each plot were sampled in the 0-10 cm soil layer. The spreadsheet depicts the percentage of fine root length colonised by different arbuscular mycorrhizal structures (hyphae, arbuscules and vesicles). Samples were collected in February 2018, eight months after the nutrient fertilisation started at the AFEX project area in Manaus, Brazil at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP/ INPA). The study was funded by NERC, BDFFP (logistical support) and Brazilian government (student scholarship).12 years ago
- This dataset includes measurements of litter in 20 plots (250 x 10 m each) in the Brazilian Amazon. Study plots were distributed across a gradient of forest disturbance, including: undisturbed primary forests , logged primary forests, logged-and-burned primary forests, and secondary forests. Data were collected from January 2015 until October 2018. In December 2015, during the El Niño-mediated drought, eight of our study plots were affected by understory fires.12 years ago
- Data comprise species level descriptions of macroinvertebrate communities and habitat descriptions from wadeable rivers of the Thames catchment, in the United Kingdom (UK), sampled over three seasons in the years 2009 - 2010.12 years ago
- The dataset comprises the surface stability of sediments as determined by a Cohesive Strength Meter (CSM). Between 3 and 5 replicate measurements were taken from each of the 22 designated experiment quadrats at each of the Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS) sites. At each CBESS site, a salt marsh site and a mud flat site was examined and three locations were selected in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three locations in Essex, South East England. The Morecambe Bay samples were taken during the winter and summer of 2013. The Essex samples were taken during the winter, early spring and summer of 2013. This data were collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- The Reference Observatory of Basins for INternational hydrological climate change detection (ROBIN) dataset is a global hydrological dataset containing publicly available daily flow data for 2,418 gauging stations across the globe which have natural or near-natural catchments. Metadata is also provided alongside these stations for the Full ROBIN Dataset consisting of 3,060 gauging stations. Data were quality controlled by the central ROBIN team before being added to the dataset, and two levels of data quality are applied to guide users towards appropriate the data usage. Most records have data of at least 40 years with minimal missing data with data records starting in the late 19th Century for some sites through to 2022. ROBIN represents a significant advance in global-scale, accessible streamflow data. The project was funded the UK Natural Environment Research Council Global Partnership Seedcorn Fund - NE/W004038/1 and the NC-International programme [NE/X006247/1] delivering National Capability02 years ago
- This is a 25m pixel data set representing the land surface of Northern Ireland, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. It is a three-band raster in GeoTiff format, produced by rasterising three properties of the classified land parcels dataset. The first band gives the most likely land cover type; the second band gives the per-parcel probability of the land cover, the third band is a measure of parcel purity. The probability and purity bands (scaled 0 to 100) combine to give an indication of uncertainty. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2023 products are available from the LCM2023 product documentation.12 years ago
- This dataset includes measurements of stem respiration in 20 plots (250 x 10 m each) in the Brazilian Amazon. Study plots were distributed across a gradient of forest disturbance, including: undisturbed primary forests , logged primary forests, logged-and-burned primary forests, and secondary forests. Data were collected from June 2015 until July 2018. In December 2015, during the El Niño-mediated drought, eight of our study plots were affected by understory fires.12 years ago
- This dataset contains high-resolution (5-minute) discharge, turbidity, suspended sediment concentration, and total phosphorus concentration data measured at three stream sites in the Littlestock Brook catchment (a tributary of the River Evenlode) from 2017 to 2021. The turbidity and concentration data were derived from a combination of instream sensors and lab-analysed water samples. Discharge data were derived using a stage-discharge rating curve constructed from manual measurements of flow velocity and water level sensor measurements. This dataset was collected by UKCEH as part of a hydrological monitoring programme for the Littlestock Brook Natural Flood Management scheme. There are some periods of data gaps within the timeseries as a result of sensor errors which have been excluded. These data may be used to calculate suspended sediment and phosphorus fluxes loads leaving the catchment. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/L002531/1).12 years ago
- This dataset contains data on the spatial attendance patterns of immature common guillemots (Uria aalge) at four sites in a large breeding colony. Data were collected from 25th April-12th May and 21st May-15th June 2013 at four sites on the Isle of May, Scotland. A grid was superimposed onto a photograph of each site. Grid cells were then classified as breeding or pre-breeding areas according to the presence or absence of breeding activity at any point during data collection (i.e. an egg or chick). A total of 69 randomly selected and individually-marked birds were followed using a telescope for 10 minute periods and their location in these grids was recorded every 15 seconds. This work was part of a NERC-funded PhD project looking at interactions between avian colonial social structure and tick-borne pathogen dynamics.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (area) data for 16 Broad Habitats across Great Britain in 1990. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 508 1km squares and scaling up to a national level. The data are summarized as habitat area per Land Class (areas of similar environmental characteristics). The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB and using the 'ITE Land Classification' as a method of stratification. The data were collected as part of Countryside Survey, a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The Survey has been carried out at regular intervals since 1978. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. In addition to habitat areas, vegetation species, soil data, linear feature data and freshwater habitats are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset includes litterfall data from the experimental plots at the Climoor field site in the Clocaenog forest, NE Wales. Litterfall (natural senesced plant material) was collected in litterfall traps (12 x 7.5cm pots standing slightly proud of the soil/litter surface, emptied monthly). Litterfall was calculated by drying the contents of the traps and weighing the samples; values were calculated for each quadrat (total weight (g) only) and for each plot (total weight (g) and weight per metre squared (g/m2)). Data spans the periods Oct 1999 to Jan 2004 and July 2008 to June 2011. Data was collected by CEH staff and PhD students trained in the use of the methods. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20-30 years.12 years ago
- The dataset provides raster gridded estimates of open water and inundated vegetation for the Barotseland Region in Western Zambia. There are a total of 55 images covering the period 2016-2019 at a spatial resolution of 10m. The images were generated using an automatic classification routine applied to Sentinel-1 radar imagery, with classification refinements made using ancillary datasets such as the Global Urban Footprint, and the Height Above Nearest Drainage terrain derivative generated using SRTM digital elevation data. These data are valuable for a range of applications including public health and water resources.12 years ago
- The dataset contains the leaf area index (LAI) (m2/ m2 ) collected with the LAI-2200 C (plant canopy analyzer), that was computed with 5, 4 and 3 rings using the FV2200 software. Additionally, it has the x and y coordinates (m) of the points collected inside the plots and the time of collection (hour: min: sec). This research was collected in a field site approximately 80 km north of Manaus, in the state of Amazonas, Brasil. The campaigns were carried out in October 2017, March 2018, August 2018 and October 2018.12 years ago
- The dataset includes markers of oxidative state in banded mongooses at Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda, in the period 2017-2021. Data are: red blood cell concentrations of glutathione; blood plasma concentrations of malondialdehyde; blood plasma concentrations of protein carbonyls; red blood cell activity of total superoxide dismutase; and whole milk concentrations of malondialdehyde.12 years ago
- This set of data includes records of vegetation species and characteristics, soil quality metrics and aspects of farm management relating to a single field on each sampled farm. Data were collected in 2018, from farms across Great Britain belonging to the Pasture Fed Livestock Association (PFLA). The data were collected by the UK Centre of Ecology & Hydrology, during a project funded by the BBSRC, seeking to evidence the impacts of pasture fed livestock approaches on grassland parameters, in particular, sward composition and associated soil qualities.12 years ago
- This 1 km summary pixel data set represents the land surface of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, classified using two classification schemas, target and aggregate classes. The target class schema comprise 21 UKCEH land cover classes based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. The aggregate class schema comprises 10 aggregate classes that are groupings of the 21 target classes. The aggregate classes group some of the more specialised target classes into more general classes. For example, the five coastal classes in the target class are grouped into a single aggregate class. The 1km percentage product provides the percentage cover for each of the 21 land cover classes for 1km x 1km pixels. This product contains one band per habitat class, producing 21 and 10 band images for the target and aggregate class products respectively. The 1km dominant coverage product is based on the 1km percentage product, and reports the land cover class with the highest percentage cover for each 1km pixel. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2018 products are available from the LCM2017-19 product documentation.12 years ago
- The dataset contains information about floral abundance on eight farms across Hampshire and West Sussex in 2014 and 2018. Transects of 3km were marked out on each farm and surveyed 3 times in both years. Flower species seen along transects were identified and their estimated abundances recorded. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grants NE/P009972/1 and NE/J016802/1).12 years ago
- Isoprene flux and concentration measurements made from Auchencorth Moss during the summer of 2015. Isoprene concentrations were measured using a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) and fluxes were calculated using the eddy covariance technique. The dataset includes the supporting meteorology including air temperature, photosynthetically active radiation, wind speed, wind direction, friction velocity, sensible heat flux.12 years ago
- A set of 130 digital precipitation maps of the tropical Andes, covering Colombia, Ecuador and Peru at a 5km resolution. The maps represent different realizations of mean precipitation totals of the period 1981-2010 using different satellite-gauge merging methods. The work draws on a large database of 723 rain gauges and the full 5km Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (TPR) record from 1998 to 2014. Each map is approximately 1MB12 years ago
- This is the land parcels (polygon) dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2017 (LCM2017) representing Great Britain. It describes Great Britain's land cover in 2017 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset was derived from the corresponding LCM2017 20m classified pixels dataset. All further LCM2017 datasets for Great Britain are derived from this land parcel product. A range of land parcel attributes are provided. These include the dominant UKCEH Land Cover Class given as an integer value, and a range of per-parcel pixel statistics to help assessing classification confidence and accuracy; for a full explanation please refer to the dataset documentation. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This is part of an ongoing long-term monitoring dataset of surface temperature, surface oxygen, water clarity, water chemistry and phytoplankton chlorophyll a from fortnightly sampling at Grasmere in Cumbria, England that began in 1968 for some variables. The data have been collected by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH). The data available to download comprise surface temperature (TEMP) in degree Celsius, surface oxygen saturation (OXYG) in % air-saturation, Secchi depth (SECC) in metres, alkalinity (ALKA) in µg per litre as CaCO3 and pH. Ammonium (NH4N), nitrate (NO3N), soluble reactive phosphate (PO4P), total phosphorus (TOTP), dissolved reactive silicon expressed as SiO2 (SIO2) and phytoplankton chlorophyll a (TOCA) are all given in µg per litre. Measurements are made from a boat at a marked location (buoy) at the deepest part of the lake. When it was not possible to visit the buoy, samples were taken from the shore, thus water samples were not integrated on these occasions, marked as Flag 2. All data are from January 2014 until the end of March 2018. Unfortunately, due to funding shortages, the long-term monitoring of Grasmere ended in March 2018. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) data for Integrated Hydrological Units (IHU) Hydrometric Areas (Kral et al. [1]). SPI is a drought index based on the probability of precipitation for a given accumulation period as defined by McKee et al. [2]. SPI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the gamma distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1862 to 2015. NOTE: the difference between this dataset with the previously published dataset 'Standardised Precipitation Index time series for IHU hydrometric areas (1961-2012)' [SPI_IHU_HA] (Tanguy et al., 2015 [3]), apart from the temporal extent, is the underlying rainfall data from which SPI was calculated. In the previously published dataset, CEH-GEAR (Keller et al., 2015 [4], Tanguy et al., 2014 [5]) was used, whereas in this new version, Met Office 5km rainfall grids were used (see supporting documentation for more details). Within Historic Droughts project (grant number: NE/L01016X/1), the Met Office has digitised historic rainfall and temperature data to produce high quality historic rainfall and temperature grids, which motivated the change in the underlying data to calculate SPI. The methodology to calculate SPI is the same in the two datasets. [1] Kral, F., Fry, M., Dixon, H. (2015). Integrated Hydrological Units of the United Kingdom: Hydrometric Areas without Coastline. NERC-Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/3a4e94fc-4c68-47eb-a217-adee2a6b02b3 [2] McKee, T. B., Doesken, N. J., Kleist, J. (1993). The Relationship of Drought Frequency and Duration to Time Scales. Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology, 17-22 January 1993, Anaheim, California. [3] Tanguy, M.; Kral., F.; Fry, M.; Svensson, C.; Hannaford, J. (2015). Standardised Precipitation Index time series for Integrated Hydrological Units Hydrometric Areas (1961-2012). NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/5e1792a0-ae95-4e77-bccd-2fb456112cc1 [4] Keller, V. D. J., Tanguy, M., Prosdocimi, I., Terry, J. A., Hitt, O., Cole, S. J., Fry, M., Morris, D. G., and Dixon, H.: CEH-GEAR: 1 km resolution daily and monthly areal rainfall estimates for the UK for hydrological use, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., 8, 83-112, https://doi.org/10.5194/essdd-8-83-2015, 2015. [5] Tanguy, M.; Dixon, H.; Prosdocimi, I.; Morris, D. G.; Keller, V. D. J. (2014). Gridded estimates of daily and monthly areal rainfall for the United Kingdom (1890-2012) [CEH-GEAR]. NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/5dc179dc-f692-49ba-9326-a6893a503f6e02 years ago
- Data containing information on a study of the impact of Storm Arwen on biodiversity and forest structure of Kielder Forest (Northumberland), May-July 2022. The following are included: (i) fallen timber found along 100 m transects (species, tree circumference, and whether it was flat on the ground); (ii) trees found inside 10x10-m plots (species; diameter at breast height [DAP]; status [alive vs dead]; and whether the tree was still standing); (iii) plant cover and richness in 2x2 m quadrats (Braun-Blanquet cover and plant species present); (iv) spatial data (GIS layers and buffers around survey and sampling sites); and (v) bird point counts (species detected and distances to each individual recorded) Surveys were conducted at twelve control-impact pairs (24 sites in total), whereby impact sites were those severely affected by Storm Arwen. Within each site, we carried out one 100 m transect, three 10x10 m plots, three 2x2 m quadrats, and two to four bird point counts depending on the size of the site02 years ago
- This dataset consists of soils dated using lead-210 (210Pb) in profiles from permafrost in subarctic Canada. Soil cores were sampled during early summer in 2013 and 2014 from peatland plateaus, thawing peatland plateaus, burnt and unburnt black spruce forests in Yukon and Northwest Territories. The upper part of the soil profile was dated using 210Pb to quantify recent carbon accumulation rates.12 years ago
- Morphological and life history data collected from three bat species, Barbastella barbastellus, Plecotus auritus and Myotis escalerai, captured in England, Spain and Portugal to study adaptive responses to climate change. The data includes species identity, location of capture at 10 km resolution, date of capture, sex, age category, reproductive condition, forearm length (in millimetres) and body mass (in grams).12 years ago
- This dataset provides data on automated high resolution soil respiration measurements as micromoles of Carbon dioxide per square metre per second. Automated high resolution soil measurements were carried out in campaigns in 2013 and 2014. Campaigns were carried out monthly between June and October 2013 and in June and August 2014 capturing the plants growing season. Data were collected from the climate change field site, Climoor, that is located in the Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (March to September). Measurements were taken with automated soil respiration chambers. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. Plot level soil respiration measurements are important to investigate soil carbon dynamics and changes in soil carbon cycling and storage under the imposed climatic treatments. Soil respiration measurements were carried out by trained CEH Bangor members of staff.12 years ago
- This dataset provides linear trends, over varying time periods, for the Collated Indices of individual butterfly species across the UK. The main statistical values derived from a linear regression (slope, standard error, P-value) are presented for the entire time series for each species (1976# to the present year), for the last 20 years, and for the last decade. In addition, trends are classified based on the direction and significance of a linear slope together with an estimated percentage change for that time period. These trend data are provided for all UK butterfly species for which we have sufficient data (58 species). Trends are calculated by performing a linear regression on the annual Collated indices for each species. Collated indices are calculated using a log-linear model incorporating individual site indices from all monitored sites across the UK for a given species in a given year. This dataset provides linear trends, over varying time periods, for the Collated Indices of individual butterfly species across the UK. The main statistical values derived from a linear regression (slope, standard error, P-value) are presented for the entire time series for each species (1976# to the present year), for the last 20 years, and for the last decade. In addition, trends are classified based on the direction and significance of a linear slope together with an estimated percentage change for that time period. These trend data are provided for all UK butterfly species for which we have sufficient data (58 species). Trends are calculated by performing a linear regression on the annual Collated indices for each species. Collated indices are calculated using a log-linear model incorporating individual site indices from all monitored sites across the UK for a given species in a given year. Trends across different time series allow us to determine the long and short-term status of individual species. This is enables us to focus conservation and research and also to assess species responses to conservation already in place. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. #Because the Collated indices are only calculated for each species in years in which it was recorded on five or more sites, the starting year for the series is later than 1976 for a number of rarer species.12 years ago
- The WATCH Forcing data is a twentieth century meteorological forcing dataset for land surface and hydrological models. It consists of three/six-hourly states of the weather for global half-degree land grid points. It was generated as part of the EU FP 6 project 'WATCH' (WATer and global CHange') which ran from 2007-2011. The data was generated in 2 tranches with slightly different methodology: 1901-1957 and 1958-2001, but generally the dataset can be considered as continuous. More details regarding the generation process can be found in the associated WATCH technical report and paper in J. Hydrometeorology. To understand how the data grid is formed it is necessary to read the attached WFD-land-long-lat-z files either in NetCDF or DAT formats. The data covers land points only and excludes the Antarctica. Wind or near surface wind speed at 10m is the near surface wind speed at 10m in m/s-1 at 6 hourly resolution and 0.5 x 0.5 degrees spatial resolution.12 years ago
- This dataset provides linear trends, over varying time periods, for the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS) collated Indices of individual butterfly species across the UK. The main statistical values derived from a linear regression (slope, standard error, P-value) are presented for the entire time series for each species (1976 to 2017), for the last 20 years, and for the last decade. In addition a trend class, based on slope direction and its significance, and a percentage change for that time period are provided to describe the statistical trends. These trend data are provided for 59 UK butterfly species. Trends across different time series allow us to determine the long and short-term trends for individual species. This enables us to focus conservation and research and also to assess species responses to conservation already in place. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme.12 years ago
- This dataset provides linear trends, over varying time periods, for the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS) Collated Indices of individual butterfly species across the UK. The main statistical values derived from a linear regression (slope, standard error, P-value) are presented for the entire time series for each species (1976 to 2012), for the last 20 years, and for the last decade. In addition a trend class, based on slope direction and its significance, and a percentage change for that time period are provided to describe the statistical trends. These trend data are provided for 59 UK butterfly species. Trends across different time series allow us to determine the long and short-term trends for individual species. This is enables us to focus conservation and research and also to assess species responses to conservation already in place. The Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of this trend datasets. The collection of the underlying UKBMS data is reliant on a large volunteer community. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). This dataset is updated annually and a more recent version of the UKBMS species trends (2013) is now available.12 years ago
- This dataset includes results from social and environmental surveys of 27 oil palm smallholders and farms in Selangor, Malaysia. Environmental data includes: information on size of plot, crop type and cover, GPS location, vegetation cover, vegetation height, canopy density, epiphyte cover, soil pH, soil moisture, palm herbivory and palm health. Social data includes information (all anonymised) on: plot area, number of palms, sociodemographic data, plantation management practices applied, knowledge and value assigned to wildlife, and yield. Data were collected from March to September 2022.12 years ago
- The dataset consists of slope, aspect, locations, descriptions and habitat categories from plots and sites in 103 woodlands surveyed across Great Britain in 1971 and again over the growing seasons of 2000, 2002 and 2003 (referred to as '2001 survey'), using exactly the same field methods. Data were collected under projects managed by The Nature Conservancy (in 1971) and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (in 2001).12 years ago
- Data comprise wood specific gravity (WSG) and density at 12% moisture content (D12) in wood cores sampled from trees in the Ankeniheny Zahamena forest corridor, the remains of the evergreen forest of eastern Madagascar. The data also include date of sample collection, zone identifier, core identifier, local and scientific tree name, tree height and diameter. Samples were analysed by UFR Sciences du bois de l'ESSA-forêts, Université d'Antananarivo. Data were collected as part of a project funded under the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme. Work package 4, P4GES project02 years ago
- The dataset contains the day of year for the onset and end of thermal stratification and its total length in Blelham Tarn, Esthwaite Water, Windermere, north basin and Windermere, south basin between 1951 and 2017. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This is a high resolution spatial dataset of Digital Surface Model (DSM) data in South West England. It is a part of outcomes from the CEH South West (SW) Project. There is also a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) dataset covering the same areas available from the SW project. Both DTM and DSM cover an area of 9424 km2 that includes all the land west of Exmouth (i.e. west of circa 3 degrees 21 minutes West). The DSM includes the height of features on the bare earth such as buildings or vegetation (if present). An overview of the TELLUS project is available on the web at http://www.tellusgb.ac.uk/.12 years ago
- The dataset comprises the field soil moisture content expressed as a percentage at three depth zones, (0 - 10 centimetre (cm), 10 - 20 cm and 20 - 30 cm), measured from bulk density soil samples taken within each 1 metre x 1 metre quadrat. Sampling was conducted at six salt marsh sites at four spatial scales: 1 metre (m) (the minimal sampling unit) nested within a hierarchy of increasing scales of 1-10 m, 10-100 m and 100-1000 m. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England. The Morecambe Bay samples were taken during the winter and summer of 2013. The Essex samples were taken during the winter, early spring and summer of 2013. Samples were taken using a bulk density ring. Soil moisture content was determined by weighing the samples as fresh field mass and then again after being dried out at 105 degrees Celsius for 72 hours. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This is part of an ongoing long-term monitoring dataset of surface temperature, surface oxygen, water clarity, water chemistry and phytoplankton chlorophyll a from fortnightly sampling at the South Basin of Windermere in Cumbria, England that began in 1945 for some variables. The data have been collected by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH). The data available to download comprise surface temperature (TEMP) in degree Celsius, surface oxygen saturation (OXYG) in % air-saturation, Secchi depth (SECC) in metres, alkalinity (ALKA) in µg per litre as CaCO3 and pH. Ammonium (NH4N), nitrate (NO3N), soluble reactive phosphate (PO4P), total phosphorus (TOTP), dissolved reactive silicon expressed as SiO2 (SIO2) and phytoplankton chlorophyll a (TOCA) are all given in µg per litre. Water samples are based on a sample integrated from 0 to 7m. All data are from January 2019 until the end of 2020.12 years ago
- Mosquito trap data from Kilombero Valley in Tanzania - a global hotspot for malaria. Since 2007, field entomologists working at Ifakara Health Institue (IHI) and at the University of Glasgow have been trapping and collecting primary malaria vectors for four villages in the Kilombero Valley: Lupiro, Kidugalo, Minepa and Sagamaganga. Trapped mosquitoes were identified to species level (Anopheles gambiae and A funestus), their sex recorded (male or female) and their abdominal status (fed or unfed) noted. When available, the daily mosquito data was consistently linked to micro climate data logger data (weather conditions on site, including averaged, minimum and maximum daytime and night time values for temperature, humidity and vapour pressure deficit). This long record allows exploring the relationship between malaria vector dynamics and related environmental conditions.12 years ago
- This dataset provides details about each time we observed two banded mongoose groups engaging in what ended up being lethal conflict at our field site (Mweya, Uganda) between 2000-2011. The dataset provides information about which group won the contest (measured by which group ran from the location of the fight), which individual died in the battle, whether that individual was in the losing or winning group, and the date. The purpose of this data was to estimate the proportion of mortalities which come from winning groups vs. losing groups.12 years ago
- The dataset contains 2 km resolution gridded daily potential groundwater recharge time series covering the British mainland from the Enhanced Future Flows and Groundwater (eFLaG) project. The data include simulations driven with historical observed climate data (1962-2018) and simulations driven with bias-corrected UKCP18 'Regional' 12km projections.12 years ago
- This dataset provides 100 model realisations of daily river flow in cubic metres per second (m3/s) for 1,366 catchments, for the period 1962 to 2015. The dataset is model output from the DECIPHeR hydrological model driven by observed climate data (CEH-GEAR rainfall and CHESS-PE potential evapotranspiration). The modelled catchments correspond to locations of National River Flow Archive (NRFA) gauging stations and provide good spatial coverage across the UK. The dataset was produced as part of MaRIUS (Managing the Risks, Impacts and Uncertainties of drought and water Scarcity) to provide national scale probabilistic flow simulations and predictions for UK drought risk analysis. MaRIUS was a UK NERC-funded research project (2014-2017) that developed a risk-based approach to drought and water scarcity.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of change data for areas of Broad Habitats across Great Britain between 1998 and 2007. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from up to 591 1km squares and scaling up to a national level. The data are summarized as percentage increase or decrease in habitat area per Land Class (areas of similar environmental characteristics) and are in a vector format. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB and using the 'ITE Land Classification' as a method of stratification. The data were collected as part of Countryside Survey, a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The Survey has been carried out at regular intervals since 1978 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. In addition to habitat areas, vegetation species data, soil data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- A large area of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone was affected by severe wildfires in April 2020. This dataset presents the results of a study conducted following the fire in September/October 2020 to measure the migration of 137Cs and 90Sr in soils collected from three study sites located within forested areas on the left bank of the Pripyat River within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. Data comprise activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs measured in soil samples. Soils were sampled layer-by-layer (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm, 40-50 cm, 50-60 cm, 60-70 cm, 70-80 cm, 80-90 cm, and 90-100 cm) from three locations at each of the three study sites. At each of the three study sites, circular plots were established on September 21st 2020 and soil samples collected; the circular plots were of different sizes dependent upon tree density. On October 8th 2020 a tripod was installed at the centre of each study site; the plot coordinates were noted and information on the trees present recorded (diameter, height and condition (dead or alive)). The dataset comprises two files. These files contain information on site and sampling locations, date of sampling, Cs-137 and Sr-90 activity concentration ((Bq kg-1) and analysis uncertainty (2-sigma)) in soil samples taken at 10cm intervals to a depth of 1 m, tree condition after wildfire (measured October 8th 2020); tree diameter (measured at a height of 1.3 m above ground level) and tree height (m).12 years ago
- 5km gridded Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) data for Great Britain, which is a drought index based on the probability of precipitation for a given accumulation period as defined by McKee et al. [1]. SPI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the gamma distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1862 to 2015. This release supersedes the previous version, doi:10.5285/ed7444fc-8c2a-473e-98cd-e68d3cffa2b0, as it addresses localised issues with the source data (Met Office monthly rainfall grids) for the period 1960 to 2000. NOTE: the difference between this dataset with the previously published dataset 'Gridded Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) using gamma distribution with standard period 1961-2010 for Great Britain [SPIgamma61-10]' (Tanguy et al., 2015 [2]), apart from the temporal and spatial extent, is the underlying rainfall data from which SPI was calculated. In the previously published dataset, CEH-GEAR (Keller et al., 2015 [3], Tanguy et al., 2014 [4]) was used, whereas in this new version, Met Office 5km rainfall grids were used (see supporting information for more details). The methodology to calculate SPI is the same in the two datasets. [1] McKee, T. B., Doesken, N. J., Kleist, J. (1993). The Relationship of Drought Frequency and Duration to Time Scales. Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology, 17-22 January 1993, Anaheim, California. [2] Tanguy, M.; Hannaford, J.; Barker, L.; Svensson, C.; Kral, F.; Fry, M. (2015). Gridded Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) using gamma distribution with standard period 1961-2010 for Great Britain [SPIgamma61-10]. NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/94c9eaa3-a178-4de4-8905-dbfab03b69a0 [3] Keller, V. D. J., Tanguy, M., Prosdocimi, I., Terry, J.A., Hitt, O., Cole, S. J., Fry, M., Morris, D. G., & Dixon, H. (2015). CEH-GEAR: 1 km resolution daily and monthly areal rainfall estimates for the UK for hydrological use. Copernicus GmbH. https://doi.org/10.5194/essdd-8-83-2015 [4] Tanguy, M.; Dixon, H.; Prosdocimi, I.; Morris, D. G.; Keller, V. D. J. (2014). Gridded estimates of daily and monthly areal rainfall for the United Kingdom (1890-2012) [CEH-GEAR]. NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/5dc179dc-f692-49ba-9326-a6893a503f6e02 years ago
- Data comprise soil microbial and biogeochemical data collected during a snow manipulation experiment on the summit of Hohe Mut (2650 m) near Obergurgl, in the Austrian Alps (lat. 46.84862, long. 11.02957). Soil microbial data include phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses, and bacterial (16S Small subunit ribosomal RNA) and fungal (internal transcribed spacer region 2) high throughput sequences. Soil biogeochemical data include soil extracellular enzyme activities, soil pH, gravimetric moisture content and various C and N pools and fluxes. The experiment was part of the NERC project NE/N009452/1.12 years ago
- Data from an acidity manipulation field experiment for three treatment types: control, acid and alkaline. Each treatment type had four replications at two experimental site locations and two soil types (making 48 sampling points per sampling time). The data includes chemistry data (pH, EC, DOC, SUVA254) for a variety of sample types (pore water from peat and organic soil (monthly), decomposing surface litter extracts (quarterly), and soil extracts (quarterly). Litter bag data includes mass loss of litter following a period of incubation in soil (3, 6 9 or 12 months), and chemistry of litter extracts (pH, EC, DOC, total nitrogen, SUVA254). There are up to four sub-replications per treatment replication. Data is also presented for the Tea Bag Index, including kTBI (decomposition rate) and S (stabilisation factor). There are up to three sub-replications per treatment replication.12 years ago
- This dataset details the number of seeds produced by pollinator exposed and supplemented Eschscholzia californica plants introduced to habitats comprising different floral cover. Data was collected in June 2015 at the Hillesden estate, Buckinghamshire, UK. Experimental arrays were introduced across the study site. Arrays comprised of three E.californica plants separated by 1m and arranged in a triangular formation. A total of sixteen arrays were introduced across four 100ha replicate blocks, each separated by >500m. At the centre of each block, four experimental arrays were placed at 50m intervals along a 150m transect laid symmetrically across the boundary between an established wildflower patch and bare, fallow ground or grazed grassland (two arrays within the florally rich habitat and two arrays within the florally poor habitat). After 16 days plants were collected in and one flower from each plant was supplemented with outcrossed pollen. Upon fruit maturation the mean number of seeds counted from pollinator exposed fruit were then compared to the number of seeds from supplemented fruit to determine the degree of pollen limitation in relation to habitat context. The dataset was part of a larger experiment looking at the effect of floral resources on the pollination services to isolated plants.12 years ago
- The datasets contain Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) measurements carried out over Caithness and Sutherland in order to measure peatland surface motion over the Flow Country using the Advanced Pixel System Intermittent Small Baseline Subset InSAR technique (APSIS InSAR). The data covers surface motion across all landcover types within the survey area. It includes timeseries of peat surface height and long term mean motion over the survey period. Data was collected on a 6-12 day basis from 12/3/2015-7/7/2019. Missing pixels are associated with low coherence and are excluded. Missing survey dates are associated with processing issues or poor coherence. Data processing was carried out by Terra Motion Ltd.12 years ago
- Data consists of gene expression estimates and encapsulation rates in wild caught Drosophila melanogaster larvae following exposure to different treatments. Treatments include injection with wasp homogenate, injection with oil and no injection. Also provided are functional enrichment categories for differentially expressed genes and library generation and read mapping metrics. The data were produced under the grant: NE/P00184X/1 Why does Drosophila vary in susceptibility to parasitoid wasps.12 years ago
- These data are data on the outcomes of contests between groups of banded mongooses in Mweya Peninsula, Uganda. Data were collected between 2000 and 2019. The data include information on group membership (number and sex of individuals, age, etc…) as well as physiological data (weight), genetic data (pedigree), and behavioural data (contest outcomes, eviction).12 years ago
- The dataset contains dissolved greenhouse and nutrient data collected from seven UK estuaries: the Clyde, Clywd, Conwy, Dart, Forth, Tamar and Tay, for the LOCATE project. Sampling was conducted from July 2017 to April 2018 on a quarterly basis, and was coordinated to occur on falling tides and to target specific salinities of interest: 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 25 psu. Data were obtained via collection of gas and water samples in situ, and concentrations were derived via subsequent sample processing and analysis.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises individual site indices for UK butterfly species calculated from data from the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Site indices are a relative rather than an absolute measure of the size of a population, and have been shown to relate closely to other, more intensive, measures of population size such as mark, release, recapture (MRR) methods. The site index can be thought of as a relative measure of the population size, being a more or less constant proportion of the number of butterflies present. The proportion seen is likely to vary according to species; some butterfly species are more conspicuous and thus more easily detected, whereas others are much less easy to see. Site indices are only calculated at sites with sufficient monitoring visits throughout the season, or for targeted reduced effort surveys (timed observations, larval web counts and egg counts) where counts are generally obtained as close to the peak of the flight period as possible and are subsequently adjusted for the time of year and size of the site (area of suitable habitat type for a given species). Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) sites are thus excluded because they are based on very few visits from which indices of abundance are not calculated. For transect sites, a statistical model (a General Additive Model, 'GAM') is used to impute missing values and to calculate a site index. Each year most transect sites (over 90%) produce an index for at least one species and in recent years site indices have been calculated for over 2,000 sites across the UK. Site indices are subsequently collated to contribute to the overall 'Collated Index' for each species, which are relative measures of the abundance of each species across a geographical area, for example, across the whole UK or at country level for England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. Individual site indices are important in informing conservation management as not all sites show the same patterns for each species and likely reflect a combination of local climate and habitat management at the site. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (length) data for landscape linear features across Great Britain in 1990. Data are presented as lengths of different feature categories (such as fences, walls and lines of trees), with associated species attributes, from 506 km squares, surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project (note: not all surveyed squares contained linear features). The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to linear features, habitat areas, vegetation species plot, soil plot, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset contains a mosquito species table with counts for adults and larvae. Samples are from twelve UK wetland sites, sampled between April 2017 and September 2018. A map included in the documentation included with this data shows site locations, which include both coastal and inland wetlands, and range from Devon to Kent and from Lincolnshire to Dorset. Samples were collected by staff from University of Greenwich and the UK Health Security Agency: collaborators in a NERC-funded project (NE/NO13379/1), part of the Valuing Nature Programme. We found a total of 19 mosquito species: • 10 Aedes • 3 Anopheles • 3 Culisseta • 2 Culex • 1 Coquillettidia.12 years ago
- The dataset contains spectrophotometrically measured chlorophyll absorbance data from lake and river samples incubated with different nitrogen, phosphorus, silica or combined nutrients, as bioassays, either ex situ for phytoplankton or in situ for periphyton. These data were collected from sites in the English Lake District, Norfolk Broads and Greater Glasgow area in 2017 and 2018 as part of the NERC funded Freshwater Highlight Topic 'Hydroscape'. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/N00597X/1).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of soil physico-chemical properties (pH and loss on ignition) from soils sampled across Great Britain in 1978. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- The datasets contains monthly environmental data from HOBO dataloggers which were used to measure precipitation, air temperature, Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR), soil moisture, soil temperature and water level relative to surface from 6 points in 1km2 of upland (RSPB Forsinard Knockfin Heights) and 6 points in a 1km2 of lowland (Plantlife Munsary) blanket peatland within the Flow Country, Caithness and Sutherland. Data was obtained every 15 mins between September 2017 and November 2018 covering the 2018 European Drought Event.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information about soil near-surface physical and hydrological properties, vegetation observations and land use & management information across the Thames catchment (UK). It was collected during the ‘Landwise’ project’s ‘Broad-scale field survey’ which sampled 1836 location points across a total of 164 fields/land parcels. The aim of the survey was to quantify the impact of innovative land use and management on soil properties, with implications for natural flood management. The surveyed fields were selected to represent four broad land use and management classes (arable with and without grass in rotation, permanent grassland and broadleaf woodland) and five generalised soil/geology classes. Approximately eight fields were sampled for each of the twenty combinations of land use and soil/geology class. The sampled fields cover a range of traditional and innovative agricultural practices. Within each field/parcel, representative sampling locations were selected to cover the anticipated range of soil variability, including typical infield, untrafficked margins and trafficked headlands/tramlines etc. Sampling was undertaken once during the period 2018-2021. Samples were measured and analysed using a range of field and laboratory techniques (see Data Lineage). Point data include: 1. Survey point location (British National Grid coordinates) 2. Soil quantitative measurements (near-surface: 0 – 50 mm below ground level): dry bulk density, volumetric water content, organic matter, derived porosity, derived porosity accounting for variable organic matter, particle size distribution and texture classification 3. Vegetation quantitative measurements: maximum and minimum height 4. Soil qualitative measurements: hand texture classification, aggregate stability test slaking and dispersion results, hydrochloric acid test for calcareous soil, and for a subset of locations Visual Evaluation of Soil Structure (VESS) score 5. Observations (also classified into groups): soil surface condition (e.g. slaked/unslaked/capped/poached etc.), vegetation type Field contextual data include: 1. Land owner/manager responses to a land use and management questionnaire (primary data) including information on: crop types/rotation, cover crops, herbal leys, organic or conventional, organic amendments, lime additions, tillage, last ploughed, tramlines, buffer strips, field drainage, grass species, livestock, last grazed, stocking density, grazing weeks per year, stock out-wintering, mob or paddock grazing, woodland management, tree species, woodland age, path management, land use history, flooding history, waterlogging, water or sediment runoff 2. Classification of selected questionnaire free text responses into categories (derived secondary data) 3. General field observations (primary data) including: slope gradient and shape, surface form, surface water, surface condition (slaking, capped, ruts, wheelings, poaching etc.), soil erosion or deposition features As agreed with the survey participants, this dataset has been anonymised by removing location specific information, such as farm and field names, along with any other personally identifiable information. As also agreed, point data location coordinates have been degraded to the nearest 1 km grid point. The dataset was co-produced by the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology and Landwise Partners as part of the Landwise Natural Flood Management project, supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/R004668/1). The participation and assistance of the land owners and managers is gratefully acknowledged.12 years ago
- The dataset contains abundances of invertebrates collected from pitfall traps within eight field-based diesel exhaust and ozone fumigation rings located at the University of Reading’s Sonning Farm, UK. Rings were fumigated with diesel exhaust, ozone or both pollutants during two full summer seasons (April-October 2018 and 2019). Pitfall traps contained 500 mL 20% propylene glycol (including detergent to break the surface tension), which was filtered through mesh by two field researchers before collecting invertebrate samples within 50mL centrifuge tubes (one tube per pitfall trap) and placing in a -20 °C freezer prior to classification.12 years ago
- The data comprise measurements of abundance of invasive species, illuminance, air temperature, air humidity, specific leaf area, species richness, species diversity, vegetation cover, biomass, decomposition rate and, carbon efflux that was made during filed campaigns to assess the impact of an invasive grass (Urochloa decumbens) on a tropical savanna (Cerrado) in two nature reserve areas in Brazil. The two experimental areas were located within natural reserves in Southeast and Central Brazil; Estação Ecológica de Itirapina in the municipalities of Brotas and Itirapina in São Paulo State, and Parque Nacional de Brasília in the Distrito Federal. Data were collected during multiple field excursions between March and September 2019.12 years ago
- This dataset contains vegetation survey data from an upland heath site in the Clocaenog Forest. This was done by pin point methodology, and data includes both pin hits as well as measurements converted into plant biomass (grammes per square metre). Vegetation was surveyed in the experimental plots at the Climoor site in 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012. The vegetation at the site is a typical UK upland heathland, dominated by Calluna vulgaris, with Vaccinium myrtillus and Empetrum nigrum also being present in the vegetation understory. In each year, measurements were taken at a time period of maximum growth, which was late August/early September. Individual species can be examined, as well as the different components of the higher plants (i.e. leaf, stem, flower). Data was collected by CEH staff and PhD students trained in the use of the methods. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20-30 years.12 years ago
- This dataset contains total green biomass, palatable green biomass, sheep stocking rate, Pinus contorta tree density, P. contorta basal area and percentage canopy cover in sites across northwest Patagonia, during the summer of 2020. We measured total green biomass in the peak production (kg /hectare/year), as a metric for aboveground annual productivity, in five different sites and for a wide range of P. contorta abundance. We also measured palatable green biomass (kg/hectare/year), considering only those plant species foraged by sheep. We calculated the sheep stocking rate that can sustainably support the grasslands of our study based on the feeding requirement of an Ovine Livestock Unit (OLU). The OLU represents a Merino wether (castrated male sheep) with an average live weight of 40 kg that consume 365 kg of dry forage in a year in Patagonia grasslands. We counted the number of P. contorta individuals to calculate density (trees/ha) and recorded their diameter at ground level to calculate basal area (m2/ha) (an alternative measure of P. contorta abundance). Additionally, on each subplot we took a hemispheric picture to estimate the canopy cover (%) of P. contorta (a third measure of P. contorta abundance).12 years ago
- This dataset presents nationally consistent simulations of available precipitation (rainfall + snowmelt) for Great Britain. These include simulations driven by observational data covering January 1961 – December 2018 and simulations driven by Regional Climate Model (RCM) projections covering December 1980 - November 2080. Both are provided as gridded data at 1km resolution. The observed input data was HadUK-Grid 1km daily precipitation and temperature. The RCM input data was a 12-member perturbed parameter ensemble from the UK Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18), provided at a ‘Regional’ 12km resolution aligned with the GB national grid. A simple snowmelt module was used to transform these time-series of precipitation and temperature into available precipitation. This data was developed for, and used within, the Enhanced Future Flows and Groundwater (eFLaG) project (Hannaford et al., 2022). The eFLaG project was established through a partnership project funded by the Met Office led component of the Strategic Priorities Fund Climate Resilience Programme under contract P107493 (CR19_4 UK Climate Resilience).12 years ago
- This dataset holds survey data of individual farming households in the Eastern region in Bhutan relating to their nitrogen use. The survey was conducted in 2022 and the questions covered two seasons (2022 and 2021 farming seasons) asked at a single visit in the 2022 season. The questions on the winter season were based on recall. The data cover the following topics: household characteristics, general farm characteristics, plot characteristics, crop production and harvest, synthetic and organic fertiliser use and compost production, labour, irrigation, pesticides, livestock, information sources, drivers of and barriers to adoption of sustainable practices, attitude, behaviour, perception and opinion, household expenditure and income, household asset and wealth, subsidies. The data were collected primarily to assess differences in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and sustainable nitrogen practices between households. The data also aim to enhance understanding of farmers’ attitudes, opinion and decision making affecting NUE in crop production and farm related factors which enable adoption of sustainable practices. The data are part of a wider SANH (South Asian Nitrogen Hub) harmonised household survey covering Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of tick sampling and microclimate data from Exmoor, Richmond and New Forest study sites; as well as ARCGIS risk maps that model tick abundance driven by climate surfaces and host abundance. Tick sampling data (91 files, each representing a day of sampling) indicate tick abundance (distinguishing larvae, nymphs, adult males and adult females), vegetation height, soil moisture, temperature and relative humidity. Static risk map files indicate modeled tick abundance: 251 landcover files for the three sites, as well as 36 ArcView map files. The study is part of the NERC Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. Many people take pleasure from activities in forests and wild lands in the UK and others are being encouraged to participate. Unfortunately, there are risks and one of the most insidious is the possibility (albeit tiny) of acquiring a disease from wild animals; for example, ticks can be vectors of the bacterial infection leading to Lyme Disease. Both diagnosis and treatment can be problematic so prevention of acquiring such disease is highly desirable. Surprisingly little is known about how best to warn countryside users about the potential for disease without scaring them away or spoiling their enjoyment. Answering such questions was the goal of this project, and required the integration of a diverse set of scientific skills, and an understanding of the views of those who manage countryside, those who have contracted zoonotic diseases and those who access the land. This project combined knowledge from three strands of work, namely risk assessment, risk perception and communication, and scenario analysis. The study sites were selected to provide a range of environmental conditions and countryside use. Peri-urban parkland, accessible lowland forest and heath and remote upland forest were chosen as represented by Richmond Park on the fringe of Greater London, the New Forest in Southern England, and Exmoor in South West England. The following additional data from this same research project are available at the UK Data Archive under study number 6892 (see online resources): Lyme disease risk perception data resulting from tick imagery vignette experiments, Lyme disease patient interviews and surveys, residents and countryside staff focus groups, forest manager interviews, and multiple scoring procedures of animal social representation; as well as Lyme and tick risk communication data resulting from interviews with organisations and content analysis of risk warning information leaflets, Further documentation for this study may be found through the RELU Knowledge Portal and the project's ESRC funding award web page (see online resources).12 years ago
- Discrete total alkalinity data for 13 sites in the Humber catchment sampled within the period 1993 to 1997 and 1996 to 1997 and for 3 sites from the Tweed catchment over the period 1994 to 1997, as part of the Land Ocean Interaction Study project (LOIS). Sites were sampled at regular weekly intervals and more intermittently during high flows (on average an extra sampling once a month per site). Samples were analysed on day of collection or on arrival at the laboratory using a Metrohm 702 Titrino autosampler.12 years ago
- The resource consists of genotype data (genetic constitution of an individual organism) for three freshwater macroinvertebrate species, Amphinemura sulcicollis, Isoperla grammatica and Baetis rhodani collected at sites in upland Wales during May 2012 and May 2013. New nucleotide tandem repeats in DNA sequences i.e. Novel microsatellites were developed for this project so that genetic analysis could be carried out within the three species. Extra data on how microsatellite scores were grouped i.e. binned into unique alleles is provided, to aid replication. The data was generated for Hannah Macdonald's PhD thesis: to study genetic structure and diversity, demographic species history and resilience in freshwater ecosystems. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) under the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme.12 years ago
- Chemical composition of freshwater samples from sites in Northern England. Measurements of pH, dissolved major ions (Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cl, NO3, SO4), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved Al, Fe(II) and total Fe, and measurements of Al, Fe(II) and total Fe on samples following dialysis.12 years ago
- This dataset includes tree eco-physiological traits characterising ranges of functioning of various components of trees. Specifically the dataset includes measurements of thermal limits of functioning of photosystem II, hydraulic safety margin, turgor loss point, CO2 assimilation versus temperature curves, leaf morphological traits for nine representative species measured during two seasons: post-monsoon and summer. The overall purpose of the measurements from this project is to determine eco-physiological limits of functioning of tropical trees in Western Ghats India and to relate them to continuously measured temperature and water status of tropical forest trees at a representative site (Sirsi).12 years ago
- The dataset contains daily and monthly surface water, energy and carbon fluxes, and state variables for Great Britain over the period between 1961 and 2015. The data was obtained from a 55 years simulation with the JULES Land Surface Model, at 1 km spatial resolution and driven by the meteorological dataset CHESS-met v1.2 (Robinson et al., 2017; https://doi.org/10.5285/b745e7b1-626c-4ccc-ac27-56582e77b900). The data comes in both monthly (all variables) and daily (only variables with no z dimension) averages. The variables are: total evapotranspiration and components (kg m-2 s-1), runoff (kg m-2 s-1), surface temperature (K), soil moisture (kg m-2), soil temperature (K), snow mass (kg m-2). latent and sensible heat (W m-2), net and gross primary productivities (kg C m-2 s-1), plant respiration (kg C m-2 s-1). The z dimension may refer, if present, to tile (surface type), pft (plant functional type) or soil (soil layer). This simulation forms the basis for new research paper by Blyth et al (2017, under review).12 years ago
- This dataset reports the responses of annual river flow to forestation in 43 catchments and contains 770 data points. Data shows the change in river flow following forestation at annual time scales, along control river flow measurements and associated metadata from primary and secondary sources. Data collection, processing and interpretation were performed by Laura Bentley and David A. Coomes between January 2018 and October 2019. Forestation was defined as a change in land cover from a stable, non-forested state to a forested one, independent of the long-term history of forest cover. Paired measurements of annual river flow following forestation (mm) and river flow under control land cover conditions (mm) are provided for each year that the catchment dataset satisfied our inclusion criteria. River flow response is provided as both an absolute difference (mm) and as a percentage of control flow in the same year. Estimates of catchment annual precipitation, annual potential evapotranspiration, forest age, forest area, and the year of study are provided for each river flow response data point. Metadata are provided concerning catchment land cover history, land use history, catchment area, forest type, average climate and the method of forest establishment. The dataset contains catchments that were planted with trees and catchments in which forest cover regenerated without planting. Historical forest cover was reported in some catchments, and not reported in others. The 43 catchments a distributed unevenly across the globe, in 13 countries. The length of time series for each catchment varies from 2 years to 57 years, with and average duration of 19 years.12 years ago
- The data set describes the effects of three neonicotinoid seed treatments (clothianidin, thiamethoxam and a control) applied to winter sown oilseed rape in Hungary, Germany and the UK on honeybees (Apis mellifera). The data describes population responses in terms of European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) primary (colony strength and overwintering success) and secondary assessment endpoints for the response of honeybees to exposure to the neonicotinoids. Information on expression of neonicotinoids in the pollen and nectar from the crop or collected by bees is also included, as well as details of honeybee diseases and foraging preferences. This research was undertaken by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology in 2015 and was funded by Syngenta Ltd. and Bayer CropScience.12 years ago
- This dataset contains daily and sub-daily hydrometeorological and soil observations from COSMOS-UK (cosmic-ray soil moisture) monitoring network from October 2013 to the end of 2019. These data are from 51 sites across the UK recording a range of hydrometeorological and soil variables. Each site in the network records the following hydrometeorological and soil data at 30 minute resolution: Radiation (short wave, long wave and net), precipitation, atmospheric pressure, air temperature, wind speed and direction, humidity, soil heat flux, and soil temperature and volumetric water content (VWC), measured by point senors at various depths. Each site hosts a cosmic-ray sensing probe; a novel sensor technology which counts fast neutrons in the surrounding atmosphere. In combination with the recorded hydrometeorological data, neutron counts are used to derive VWC over a field scale (COSMOS VWC), at two temporal resolutions (hourly and daily). The presence of snow leads to erroneously high measurements of COSMOS VWC due to all the extra water in the surrounding area. Included in the daily data are indications of snow days, on which, the COSMOS VWC are adjusted and the snow water equivalent (SWE) is given. The potential evapotranspiration (PE), derived from recorded hydrometeorological and soil are also included at daily resolution. Two levels of quality control are carried out, firstly data is run through a series of automated checks, such as range tests and spike tests, and then all data is manually inspected each week where any other faults are picked up, including sensor faults or connection issues. Quality control flags are provided for all recorded (30 minute) data, indicating the reason for any missing data. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.02 years ago
- An updated map of peat extent for Wales has been developed by the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, with support from the British Geological Survey and Natural Resources Wales in support of the Glastir Monitoring & Evaluation Programme, commissioned by the Welsh Government. This map represents a considerable advance on previous attempts to map the deep peat resource of Wales and yields a significantly larger estimate than that based on the Soil Survey of England and Wales alone. This new map highlights the wide distribution of peatlands across much of Wales, with large areas of upland blanket bog in North east and North-central Wales (Migneint, Berwyn) and central Wales (Cambrian Mountains), as well as smaller areas of upland peat in and around the Brecon Beacons National Park. The new unified map also provides a much more detailed picture of the distribution of deep peat in the lowlands, many areas of which retain significant biodiversity interest. The Glastir Monitoring & Evaluation Programme was set up by the Welsh Government in 2013 to monitor the effects of the Glastir agri-environment scheme on the environment and ran from 2013 to 2016.12 years ago
- This dataset is a census of the heathland and associated vegetation from Dorset, UK. The Dorset heathlands are situated in South West England, and are generally associated with free-draining and acidic soils overlying Tertiary sands and gravels. The heathlands comprise a mosaic of different vegetation types, characterised by dwarf shrub communities dominated by members of the Ericaceae (e.g. Calluna vulgaris, Erica spp.), together with areas of mire, grassland, scrub and woodland. Unless they are managed heathlands undergo succession to scrub and woodland. Therefore the majority of heathland sites are currently under some form of conservation management, which is implemented to reduce succession to scrub and woodland. Management interventions include cutting and burning of vegetation, and grazing by livestock. Individual heathland patches are also managed for ecosystem services, such as recreation and timber production, as well as biodiversity conservation.12 years ago
- This dataset contains first egg dates for great tits (Parus major) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) from Monks Wood, Brampton Wood and Wennington Wood in Cambridgeshire, England, over a 23 year period. The dataset runs from the breeding season in 1993 to the end of the breeding season in 2015. The first egg dates are presented as the number of days from the start date which was set as the 1st April each year. Because the timing of breeding of great tits and blue tits is influenced in large part by ambient temperature and the phenology of their main prey, the data were collected as a measure of spring phenology. These data comprise part of a larger long-term study of the influence of habitat (extent, structure and composition) and landscape factors on abundance, distribution and breeding success of woodland birds in English lowland deciduous woodland.12 years ago
- This is the 20m classified pixels dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2019(LCM2019) representing Northern Ireland. It describes Northern Ireland's land cover in 2019 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset is the Random Forest classification result from classifying a 20m pixel raster containing multi-season spectral information combined with context layers, which help to resolve spectral confusion. It is provided as a 2-band, 8-bit integer raster. The band-1 is the UKCEH Land Cover Class identifier, band-2 is an indicator of classification confidence. For a fuller description please refer to the product documentation. LCM2019 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2019. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2019. LCM2019 was simultaneously released with LCM2017 and LCM2018. These are the latest in a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Northern Ireland (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps LCM2000, LCM2007 and LCM2015. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Woodland vegetation data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. These data are collected at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol (see Supporting documentation). This survey is conducted when plots surveyed during the coarse-grain survey fall in woodland. Seedlings, diameter at breast height (dbh), height and species dominance are recorded within a surrounding 10m x 10m plot. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.02 years ago
- This dataset contains seven month monitoring of weather conditions at Durleigh Reservoir in Somerset, England, during 2018. A Delta T WS-GP1 weather station was installed approximately 4 m above the surface of the reservoir between 5 April and 5 October 2018.12 years ago
- The dataset contains the weight of fine root (<2 mm) at two soil depths (0-10 cm and 10-30 cm) collected in a field site approximately 80 km north of Manaus, in the state of Amazonas, Brasil. Data were obtained by the in growth core method, in campaigns conducted every three months from 2017 to 2019 in all plots.12 years ago
- This dataset contains forest structure measurements for a wooded area where the liana Hendra helix (common ivy) is present. The dataset comprises two overlapping 3D point clouds for a small wooded area covering nearly 18000 m2 of Bramcote Hills Park (Nottinghamshire, UK) for a sample of trees infested with liana as well as a non-infested sample of trees. This datasets was acquired using a terrestrial Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) scanner on 13 January 2023, as part of a study assessing the diversity and composition of soil and litter dwelling organisms associated with liana infestations within forests. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/X018083/1).12 years ago
- A spatial approach was developed to interpret qualitatively expressed scenarios, and predict the probability and amount of change for 10 land-cover types across 127 sub-catchments in upland Wales. Existing data, which have a temporal coverage of 1998-2007, were used for the underpinning mapping, and fed into the tabular land cover change summary data. For each scenario, the maximum and minimum land-cover change was projected using rules based on current land cover, agricultural land quality, ownership type, and nature conservation status. For each combination, total land-cover change summaries have been created, which indicate how land cover within the 127 sub-catchments may respond to change in the future. This work was part of the Diversity in Upland River Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project, NERC grant NE/J014826/1.12 years ago
- The data are dynamic response characteristics (DRCs) produced by modelling the rainfall-runoff behaviour of a series of micro-basins installed by the NERC Q-NFM project largely in Cumbria (UK) and ranging in scale from 0.0071 to 2.7329 sq. km. Specifically, the rainfall to discharge response of these basins has been modelled with the RIV algorithm of the CAPTAIN Toolbox (Taylor et al., 2007 doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2006.03.002). The resultant modelled characteristics of the rainfall-discharge dynamics are presented on an event-by-event basis.12 years ago
- This dataset contains data from the National Plant Monitoring Scheme between 2015 and 2016. These consist of plant species occurrences, with abundance values, in plots. Plots are nested with 1 km squares, and are georeferenced according to the British/Irish/Channel Islands grid systems, or in latitude/longitude format; the 1 km squares surveyed were selected according to a weighted-random design, designed to enrich the sample for semi-natural habitats. Plots also have associated habitat and spatial information, as well as a small number of other environmental data. The species recorded in any particular plot are dependent on the habitat chosen for the plot by the surveyor, and the level of the scheme at which they were participating. Please see the references in the supporting documentation (survey guidance) for more information. Please be aware that this dataset is updated annually and that more recent versions exist.12 years ago
- Bird data comprises point counts of bird species and their abundance observed at each collection site. Data are separated into birds within 50m, greater than 50m distant and birds in flight. These data were collected from the South Fork McKenzie river, Oregon, USA in June 2021 following the Holiday Farm wildfire in Autumn 2020. Samples were collected from a restored and unrestored reach of the South Fork McKenzie River with a view to quantifying differences in avian response to wildfire in the restored vs. unrestored river reaches. The study was conducted by the University of Nottingham, with data collected by partners from The US Forest Service, Portland State University, Washington State University and Colorado State University. Funding for the work was received from the Natural Environment Research Council.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of change data for areas of Broad Habitats across Great Britain between 1990 and 2007. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from up to 591 1km squares and scaling up to a national level. The data are summarized as percentage increase or decrease in habitat area per Land Class (areas of similar environmental characteristics) and are in a vector format. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB and using the 'ITE Land Classification' as a method of stratification. The data were collected as part of Countryside Survey, a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The Survey has been carried out at regular intervals since 1978 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. In addition to habitat areas, vegetation species data, soil data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- The dataset provides observational information on events when humans are in contact with poultry in rural and urban Bangladesh. Data were collected during observation periods of three hours duration in three settings where humans and poultry have close interactions: rural households with domestic poultry and small-scale commercial farms in rural areas of Tangail district and market stalls that sell, slaughter and process live poultry in Dhaka city. Observations on hygiene or handwashing behaviours that take place before or after contact with poultry, poultry products (eggs, meat) or poultry waste (bedding, faeces or carcasses) were also recorded. A structured observation sheet was used to record the number of occurrences of pre-defined activities. The objective was to record the types of contact behaviours and proportion of human-poultry interactions that could result in human exposure to antibiotic-resistant bacteria carried by poultry. The research was part of a wider research project, Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Transmission from the Outdoor Environment to Humans in Urban and Rural Bangladesh. The research was funded by NERC/BBSRC/MRC on behalf of the Antimicrobial Resistance Cross-Council Initiative, award NE/N019555/1.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements at two sites in a rural location in South Lanarkshire. The sites are located in a dwelling, one site is inside and the other is outside in the garden area. The garden backs onto grassland which is part of a large dairy farm. The ammonia measurements are taken from a set of UKCEH ALPHA® (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) samplers from January 2022 to December 2022. Samplers are exposed in monthly cycles at the beginning of each month.12 years ago
- This dataset contains results from in situ field measurements of riverbed nitrogen transformations in the Hammer Stream, a sandy tributary of the River Rother in West Sussex, UK. Measurements were performed in November 2014 and February, April and July 2015. The data include baseline concentrations of nutrients (NO2, NO3, NH3, PO4), chloride, oxygen, pH, temperature, Fe(II), organic carbon, 15N-N2 and methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) sampled from porewater prior to injection of 15N-nitrate.12 years ago
- The dataset contains records of Drosophila flies and associated parasitic wasps collected along two elevational (temperature) gradients from Australian rainforest site. The data is presented at the individual Drosophila pupae level. It describes patterns of parasitism levels from fourteen sites and the structure of quantitative food webs at six sites. Also included are temperature records from each site.12 years ago
- This dataset contains the results of a sanitary risk inspection for different groundwater sources in Kisumu, Kenya. A total of 70 groundwater sources were surveyed between February and March 2014. The survey took the form of an observation checklist that identified contamination hazards at well heads and in their immediate surroundings. Data on well depth, electro-conductivity, pH and temperature were also collected. The data were collected as part of the Groundwater2030 project, which aims to reduce the health problems that result from consumption of contaminated groundwater in urban areas of Africa. The project was co-ordinated by the University of Southampton, with partners at the University of Surrey, the Victoria Institute of Research on Environment and Development (VIRED) International, and the Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology. The project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council and the Department for International Development as part of the Unlocking the Potential of Groundwater for the Poor (UPGro) programme.12 years ago
- Data comprise results of laboratory experiments assessing the impacts of beta radiation (phosphorus-32) on reproduction, development and DNA damage in a marine and freshwater crustacean species. All crustacean samples were collected either from Lock Lake, Portsmouth (marine crustacean Echinogammarus marinus) or from the River Ems, Emsworth (freshwater crustacean, Gammarus pulex). Laboratory experiments were conducted periodically from summer 2015 to autumn 2016 at the University of Portsmouth. The data are of use in elucidating the mechanisms and effects of low-dose ionising radiation on an important group of model organisms in radioecology.12 years ago
- The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions represent the amount of greenhouse gases (nitrous oxide, methane and carbon dioxide) emissions associated with the annual production of seven livestock commodities, considering the following processes: enteric fermentation, manure deposition on grassland, manure management on farm; application of manure on feed crops and application of synthetic fertiliser on grassland and feed crops, plus other cropland emissions for feed crops (e.g. methane from rice cultivation). We also provide the greenhouse gas emission intensities, which indicate the amount of greenhouse gas emissions per unit of mass of animal products produced annually. The considered livestock commodities are: bovine meat and milk, small ruminant (sheep and goat) meat and milk, pig meat, poultry (chicken, ducks) meat, and poultry eggs. The resolution is 5 arc minute, across the global land area, for the period of 1997-2003.02 years ago
- Collated indices are a relative measure of butterfly abundance across monitored sites in the UK, calculated from data collected by the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Collated indices are calculated annually for each individual butterfly species that has been recorded on five or more sites in that year. Based on this criterion collated indices have been calculated for the entire UKBMS time series from 1976 to the current year for the majority of species. For some rarer species the time series starts in a later year due to lack of data. Collated indices are calculated using a statistical model that accounts for missing data. The number of sites for each species ranges from 5 to several hundred and varies from year to year. Since 2008 more than 1,000 sites have been monitored across the UK each year. Collated indices are calculated so that we can determine how butterfly populations are changing over time across the UK. This data can be used, for example, to determine where to target conservation efforts and to measure the condition of the UK countryside. Butterflies are recognised as important indicators of biodiversity and environmental change (e.g. as official UK Biodiversity Indicators), and have been used in numerous research studies to understand the impacts of changes in climate and the extent and condition of habitats. Although the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of the Collated indices, the collection of the data used in their creation is ultimately reliant on a large volunteer community. The UKBMS is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). This dataset is updated annually and more recent versions of the UKBMS collated indices are available.12 years ago
- Data comprise water chemistry (analysis included phosphorus and nitrogen species, dissolved reactive silicon, suspended solids, chlorophyll, fluoride, chloride, and sulphate) in water samples taken at Lake Akrotiri, Cyprus, and its main inputs between July 2019 and November 2020. The eight monitoring sites included marginal samples from around the lake and also samples of the input canals that drained the surrounding marshes and a drainage pipe.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of ecology data from 16 paired field sites; each pair consisting of an organic and conventional farm. A multiscale sampling design was employed to assess the impact of (i) location-within-field (field margin vs. edge vs. centre), (ii) crop type (arable cereal vs. permanent pasture), (iii) farm management (organic vs. conventional) and (iv) landscape-scale management (landscapes that contained low or high fractions of organic land) on a wide range of taxa. Studied taxa include birds, insect pollinators (hoverflies, bumblebees and solitary bees), epigeal arthropods, aphids and their natural enemies, earthworms and plants. The study is part of the NERC Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. A move to organic farming can have significant effects on wildlife, soil and water quality, as well as changing the ways in which food is supplied, the economics of farm business and indeed the attitudes of farmers themselves. Two key questions were addressed in the SCALE project: what causes organic farms to be arranged in clusters at local, regional and national scales, rather than be spread more evenly throughout the landscape; and how do the ecological, hydrological, socio-economic and cultural impacts of organic farming vary due to neighbourhood effects at a variety of scales. The research was undertaken in 2006-2007 in two study sites: one in the English Midlands, and one in southern England. Both are sites in which organic farming has a 'strong' local presence, which we defined as 10 per cent or more organically managed land within a 10 km radius. Potential organic farms were identified through membership lists of organic farmers provided by two certification bodies (the Soil Association and the Organic Farmers and Growers). Most who were currently farming (i.e. their listing was not out of date) agreed to participate. Conventional farms were identified through telephone listings. Respondents' farms ranged in size from 40 to 3000 acres, with the majority farming between 100 and 1000 acres. Most were mixed crop-livestock farmers, with dairy most common in the southern site, and beef and/or sheep mixed with arable in the Midlands. In total, 48 farms were studied, of which 21 were organic farmers. No respondent had converted from organic to conventional production, whereas 17 had converted from conventional to organic farming. Twelve of the conventional farmers defined themselves as practicing low input agriculture. Farmer interview data from this study are available at the UK Data Archive under study number 6761. Soil data from agricultural land under differing crop and management regimes,are also available. Further documentation for this study may be found through the RELU Knowledge Portal and the project's ESRC funding award web page (see online resources).12 years ago
- The data consist of soil carbon in kilogrammes (kg) of carbon per metre squared. Soil cores were taken to a depth of 1 metre and divided into 15 cm depth increments. Soil carbon (kg carbon per metre squared) was determined for all soil depth increments. The soil samples were taken in the Conwy catchment in North West Wales. Samples were collected in the spring of 2014 across a land use intensification gradient ranging from semi-natural peatlands, acid grasslands to improved grasslands and arable fields. Soil parameters were tested across a land use intensification gradient to detect parameters that can predict aboveground biomass production across different land management types. Data were used to enhance the predictions of biomass production in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator model (JULES). Measurements informed the improvement of the nitrogen cycle component in the model. This dataset is part of a data series where plant and soil measurements were collected together to increase our understanding of coupled aboveground and belowground processes. Measurements were undertaken by trained members of staff from Bangor University, the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and Exeter University. This data was collected for the NERC project 'The Multi-Scale Response of Water quality, Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration to Coupled Macronutrient Cycling from Source to Sea' (NE/J011991/1). The project is also referred to as Turf2Surf.12 years ago
- The dataset shows the results of water chemistry and organic matter composition analysis, from water samples collected from surface waters in the UK and Faroe Islands. The water samples were collected from 2018-2020.12 years ago
- This resource comprises abundance data for invertebrates, pest damage to apples, and yields from an agroforestry system subject to two different understorey management treatments, comprising an unmown flowering understorey and a mown understorey. The data was collected from an intercropped apple-arable agroforestry site in Screveton, Nottinghamshire, UK, from five experimental blocks, each block split between the two understorey management treatments. The data was collected between April and September 2020. Data was collected using (i) pitfall traps, (ii) sticky traps, (iii) visual searches of apple trees for natural enemies, pests and fruit damage from pests and disease, (iv) flower visitation counts for pollinators, (v) apple fruit yield and quality metrics, and (vi) grain yield samples. The data was collected to compare the effect of understorey management in agroforestry on functional invertebrates and associated ecosystem services. All data was collected by Tom Staton (University of Reading). Three pitfall traps were damaged and are excluded from the dataset, comprising (i) Visit 1, Block 2, Mown treatment, Position 4; (ii) Visit 4, Block 2, Mown treatment, Position 3; and (iii) Visit 4, Block 3, Unmown treatment, Position 2. The research was funded under NERC grant NE/R012229/1 Quantitative and Modelling Skills in Ecology and Evolution (QMEE) CDT12 years ago
- This dataset contains 2-hourly observations of biogenic fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) measured from a winter wheat crop grown on a mineral soil in the UK treated with different fertilisers. The treatments were: i) inorganic fertiliser; ii) pig slurry and inorganic fertiliser; and iii) pig slurry treated with plasma-induction and inorganic fertiliser. Fluxes of biogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) were measured over an 83-day period (20/03/2022-13/06/2022) within the winter wheat growing season using automated GHG flux chambers.12 years ago
- Data on developmental time, fecundity, morphometrics, experimental treatment, mating and sampling from an experiment manipulating larval nutrition in female fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster).12 years ago
- The data presented here comprise a catalogue of 61736 camera trap images obtained during the period June - November 2020 (this period is described within the dataset as 'setup 1'). Following the explosion at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant in April 1986, a 5000 km2 exclusion zone surrounding the plant was created; people and farm animals were subsequently evacuated from the area. In April 2020 there were severe wildfires within the Ukrainian part of the exclusion zone (2600 km2) where approximately 870 km2 was burnt. The NERC-funded CHAR project conducted a study which involved placing motion activated digital camera traps at three sites (each covering an area of 80 km2) within the Ukrainian exclusion zone from June 2020 - August 2021 to assess large mammal activity following the fire. Thirteen cameras were randomly located at each site; all camera deployment locations had been used in a previous study 2014-2015 (https://tree.ceh.ac.uk/content/chernobyl-webcams). All the images obtained during June - November 2020 are included as part of the dataset with the exception of those images containing people, vehicles or members of the CHAR research team setting up and servicing the cameras; these images have been catalogued but they are not included in the dataset to protect privacy. Information on camera deployment periods, site characteristics and descriptions of each camera location (e.g. geographic coordinates, estimates of ambient dose rate, description of animal trails or tracks and the extent of fire damage in vicinity of where the camera is mounted) have also been included as part of the dataset. Staff from the Chornobyl Center for Nuclear Safety deployed, maintained and downloaded information from the cameras and provided field notes and observations of habitat. UKCEH staff populated the dataset using the information provided.12 years ago
- The data set shows the modelled change of soil organic carbon under different managements in agriculture for different climate scenarios globally. Dataset includes the change to a business as usual scenario for different soil managements for each decade from 2030 to 2100. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/P019455/1)12 years ago
- This dataset contains Land Cover/Land Use (LCLU) maps for Sindhudurg, Shivamogga and Wayanad, India. LCLU products are state-of-the-art statically stable and area weighted accuracy assessed products. The LCLU product was generated for Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD), a Zoonotic disease. KFD is an “ecotonal” disease. Diverse forest-plantation mosaics, zone moist evergreen forest and plantation, and low coverage of dry deciduous forest will cause higher risks for KFD. Our LCLU product aimed to separate diverse forest types and plantation and we achieved high accuracy (>90%). The study covers Sindhudurg, Shivamogga, and Wayanad Western Ghats district which belong to Indian state Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Kerala respectively.12 years ago
- The data set comprises vegetation species and abundance information, surveyed using a 50 x 50 cm point quadrat, from a selection of the plots within an experimental site at Sourhope, Scotland. The surveys were carried out in the summers of 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 and 2002. The data were collected as part of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme, established in 1999 and centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT8545019630). During the experiment, the site was monitored to assess changes in above-ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a 1km resolution raster version of the Land Cover Map 2000 for Northern Ireland. Each 1km pixel represents the dominant target class (or 'sub class') across the 1km area. The target classes broadly represent Broad Habitats (see below). The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2000. LCM2000 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. LCM2000 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2000 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2000 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions.12 years ago
- This dataset contains land cover classification of the Akrotiri Peninsular of Cyprus, using WorldView Imagery at 2m resolution. Images from March 2018 and July 2018 were used. All the imagery was atmospherically corrected. The thematic detail of the map was generalised to the following main vegetation/cover types: bare, lake, temporary water, salt marsh, rush salt meadow, garrigue, sparse vegetation, grass, mixed woodland, Eucalyptus and Acacia. The cover classes salt marsh and rush salt meadow represent mosaics of vegetation communities. Due to Covid-19 restrictions, ground data collection was severely restricted, resulting in limited training and validation data. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This data set consists of headwater stream quality data for sites across Wales between 2013 and 2016. Data include macrophyte species records, chemistry and water quality metrics, 'River Habitat Surveys', invertebrates, diatoms and site characteristics. Streams were surveyed within a set of up to 300 x 1km squares across Wales (not all sites contained stream features), collected as part of the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP). The monitoring programme was set up by the Welsh Government in 2013 to monitor the effects of the Glastir agri-environment scheme on the environment and ran from 2013 to 2016. The field survey element was based on a stratified random sampling design of 300 x 1km square sites across Wales, and was managed by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- Data on genetic variation in Acacia senegal across its natural range, based on two chloroplast marker types - RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and microsatellites.12 years ago
- This dataset contains the transcripts of interviews on the current structure of the main charcoal supply chains from seven villages in the Mabalane district of Gaza province to Maputo, Mozambique. The seven villages were at different stages of the charcoal production process within similar soils, rainfall, and vegetation types. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with key informants (e.g. village leaders, charcoal producers, wholesalers, truck drivers and forest officers), from May to October 2014. Data were collected as part of a project funded under the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme.12 years ago
- The dataset details the soil profiles described from the narrow diameter cores collected from 474 sampling sites across UK saltmarshes collected between 2018 - 2021. The work was carried out under the NERC programme - Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environment (C-SIDE), NERC grant reference NE/R010846/112 years ago
- This dataset models positive plant habitat condition indicators across Great Britain (GB). This data provides a metric of plant diversity weighted by the species that you would expect and desire to have in a particular habitat type so indicates habitat condition. In each Countryside Survey 2007 area vegetation plot the number of positive plant habitat indicators (taken from a list created from Common Standards Monitoring Guidance and consultation with the Botanical society of the British Isles (BSBI)) for the habitat type in which the plot is located are counted. This count is then divided by the possible indicators for that habitat type (and multiplied by 100) to get a percentage value. This is extrapolated to 1km squares across GB using a generalised additive mixed model. Co-variables used in the model are Broad Habitat (the dominant broad habitat of the 1km square), air temperature, nitrogen deposition, sulphur deposition, precipitation and whether the plot is located in a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) (presence or absence data).12 years ago
- This dataset is a fine resolution 2018 land cover map of the headwaters region of the Welland River Catchment, UK, projected in British national grid. It has a spatial resolution of 10m and thematic resolution of 10 classes. The map covers a 340km2 region across the English counties of Leicestershire, Rutland and Northamptonshire with predominantly agricultural land use.12 years ago
- Data comprise results of social surveys carried out in China during 2016 – 2018 to the local stakeholders (farmers and village to county level officials) to understand their knowledge learning dynamics and preference. Surveys were conducted in the rural villages in Puding County, Guizhou Province and in Yujiang County, Jiangxi Province. The study was funded by the grant NE/N007425/1 which was awarded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), and through cooperation with grant 41571130074 awarded by the National Natural Science Foundation (NSFC) of China, as part of the UK – China Critical Zone Observatory (CZO).12 years ago
- This dataset provides habitat data from unstructured biological records made through iRecord. This dataset includes records between 1812 and 2024, however the majority of the data is from recent years. Records are from England, the Isle of Man, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, and are at 1 km square resolution or more precise. The habitat data was entered by volunteers alongside traditional records of individual taxa, with the taxonomic data being the focus of the record. This dataset includes the year of the recording event (or a year range), the grid reference of the record, whether the taxa associated with the record have been verified as correct, and the European Nature Information System (EUNIS) habitat category recorded.12 years ago
- This dataset contains activity data from thirteen common guillemots (Uria aalge) from the Isle of May during the 2005-2006 annual cycle. These biologging data were collected using global location sensing (GLS) time depth recorder (TDR) devices. From these data we derived daily data on guillemot activity budgets, sea surface temperature values, energy expenditure, location fixes and the proportion of dive activity that occurred during day, twilight and night. Data on colony attendance were also collected using daily time-lapse photography.12 years ago
- The data comprise collated data on calcium and magnesium (milligrams per kilogram dry mass) in plants used as human and animal food (including fruit, vegetables, grasses, nuts and seeds) from global literature published between 1982 and 2019. Where reported strontium values are also included. Each data point is referenced.12 years ago
- Burnt areas are presented with a daily date of burn at 500m resolution for the circumpolar boreal forest zone. The dataset comprises eleven tiff files, one for each year: 2001 to 2011. The aim of this dataset is the improved understanding of spatio-temporal patterns and dynamics of boreal fire intensity and extent, the driving factors behind these variations, and the consequence for carbon fluxes for the whole boreal area. The source data for the daily burnt area product is the 16-day MODIS Nadir BRDF-Adjusted Reflectance (N-BAR) MCD43A4 product on the standard Sinusoidal projection. The burnt areas are identified by thresholding a differencing method, with the resulting fire-scars dated using MODIS thermal anomalies (MOD14A1). The results are annual TIFF images at 500m resolution with the pixel values being the first day of burn for that year. The product was validated using temporal assemblages of ETM images randomly located throughout the whole Boreal zone and analysed on a date and per pixel basis. The result was a Kappa co-efficient of 0.54. This algorithms used to map the burnt areas were developed by members of the CEH Wallingford Earth Observation group.12 years ago
- Data are presented for Above ground Carbon Density (ACD) estimated from a series of forest census surveys which took place from 1992- 2016 in a mixture of logged and unlogged tropical lowland dipterocarp forest in the Ulu Segama Forest Reserve (USFR) and Danum Valley Conservation Area (DVCA), Sabah, Malaysia. Additional data on logging method, coupe and year of logging is also presented. The USFR comprises of forested land divided into coupes that were each logged once, between 1972 and 1993 using either 'tractor' or 'high-lead' methods. Between 1993 and 2004, forest restoration treatments were carried out, including climber cutting and tree planting, annually across logging coupes within the USFR. The data-set was compiled from census carried out in three independent plot networks. The first led by researchers from the Universities of Dundee, Aberdeen and Nottingham. The second led by researchers from the University of Aberdeen. The third through the INnoprise FAce PROject INFAPRO project. Between 1992 and 2016 a forest census survey was carried out on at least two occasions in 553 forest plots to determine the rate of ACD accumulation and understand the impact of forest restoration treatments on ACD accumulation. Tree stem diameter, height and identity measurements at each plot were collected by project members and research assistants employed by the SouthEast Asian Rainforest Research Partnership (SEARRP). The ACD carbon estimation and modelling was led by researchers from the Universities of Dundee, ETH Zurich and Aberdeen. The data were compiled and submitted by researchers from the University of Dundee and ETH Zurich. Funding for the establishment of the original plot networks was provided by the EU-funded INDFORSUS project (ER-BIC18T960102), from New England Electric Systems, National Geographic Society and the Garden Club of America, and from Face the Future Foundation. Funding for the repeated measurements was provided by the NERC 'Spatio-TEmporal Dynamics of Forest Response to ENSO Drought (STEED)' (NERC grant reference NE/P004806/1) and the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland funded project'Changing species diversity and biomass accumulation in conserved and regenerating tropical forests: two decades on'.12 years ago
- This dataset provides the details of all sites which have been monitored as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Data includes the location within the UK, the length and width of the line transect on each site, and how long the transect has been monitored. The UKBMS started in 1976 with fewer than 50 sites. The number of sites monitored each year has increased to over a thousand since 2008. There is turnover in sites monitored each year and details of the first and last year in which each site was surveyed are given. The majority of site data is provided by recorders at the time a transect is created. The majority of these recorders are volunteers. The Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) collate the data and the UKBMS is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC).12 years ago
- This dataset is a combination of data obtained from a longitudinal live trapping study of wild rodents in Wytham Woods, Oxford (51.796 N,-1.367 W); October 2015-18), a dissection study of rodents caught in the same woodland (October 2017-18), and a diet shift experiment on a captive colony of wood mice housed at the University of Edinburgh (May 2017). The longitudinal live trapping study dataset contains trapping data and data on the gut microbiome composition, diet and gut parasite infection of individually-identifiable rodents. Three species of rodents were trapped with Sherman live-traps fortnightly for 3 years: wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus), yellow-necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis) and bank voles (Myodes glaerolus). Upon capture, they were injected with a passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag, measured, weighted, sexed, aged and a faecal sample was collected from individuals for microbiome, diet and parasite analyses. All rodents were released to their location of capture. The dissection study contains trapping data, gut microbiome and parasite infection data. Wood mice were trapped fortnightly for one year with Sherman live-traps at least 300m away from the longitudinal sampling grid. Individuals that had been captured and marked with a PIT tag as part of the longitudinal study were released along with other rodents species and juvenile or pregnant individuals (only non-marked adult wood mice were sampled). Wood mice were euthanized (with ethical approval) and their gastrointestinal tract dissected for counts of gut helminths. Samples from along the gastrointestinal tract were taken for gut microbiome analysis. The diet shift experiment dataset contains data on experimental diet treatments and gut microbiome composition of wood mice captively bred in a facility at the University of Edinburgh. Wood mice were given diets varying in the ratio of food supplementation (dried mealworm and/or peanut) and faecal samples taken periodically over 30 days to measure changes in gut microbiome composition and function. Samples for microbiome and diet characterization were stored without buffer at -80̊C. Samples for parasite detection were stored in 10% formalin and refrigerated at 4̊C. This work was funded by a NERC independent Research Fellowship.12 years ago
- This dataset contains plaque reduction neutralisation test (PRNT) results for common guillemot (Uria aalge) blood samples tested against twelve strains of a tick-borne virus, Great Island virus. 144 individual pre-breeding and breeding guillemots were captured between 1993 and 1995 on the Isle of May, Scotland and blood samples collected on filter paper. Plaque reduction neutralisation tests (PRNT) were then performed on these blood samples to detect virus strain-specific neutralising antibodies. Part of this dataset is presented in the peer-reviewed article Nunn et al. (2006) Parasitology 132: 233-40. This work was part of a NERC-funded PhD project looking at interactions between avian colonial social structure and tick-borne pathogen dynamics.12 years ago
- Collated indices are a relative measure of butterfly abundance across monitored sites in the UK, calculated from data collected by the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Collated indices are calculated annually for each individual butterfly species that has been recorded on five or more sites in that year. Based on this criterion collated indices have been calculated for the entire UKBMS time series from 1976 to the current year for the majority of species. For some rarer species the time series starts in a later year due to lack of data. Collated indices are calculated using a statistical model that accounts for missing data. The number of sites for each species ranges from 5 to several hundred and varies from year to year. Since 2008 more than 1,000 sites have been monitored across the UK each year. Collated indices are calculated so that we can determine how butterfly populations are changing over time across the UK. This data can be used, for example, to determine where to target conservation efforts and to measure the condition of the UK countryside. Butterflies are recognised as important indicators of biodiversity and environmental change (e.g. as official UK Biodiversity Indicators), and have been used in numerous research studies to understand the impacts of changes in climate and the extent and condition of habitats. Although the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of the Collated indices, the collection of the data used in their creation is ultimately reliant on a large volunteer community. The UKBMS is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). This dataset is updated annually and more recent versions of the UKBMS collated indices are available.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of freshwater pond quality data for sites across Great Britain in 2007. Data include macrophyte species records, chemistry and water quality, and environmental variables such as pollution, grazing and management, from ponds surveyed within a set of 591 1km squares across Great Britain (note - not all squares contained ponds). The survey was part of Countryside Survey, a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, and was carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and Pond Conservation. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to freshwater habitat data, habitat areas, vegetation species data, soil data and linear habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a 25m resolution raster version of the Land Cover Map 2000 for Great Britain. Each 25m pixel represents a 25m area of land cover target class, broadly representing Broad Habitats (see below). The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2000. LCM2000 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990. Like the earlier 1990 products, LCM2000 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2000 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2000 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions.12 years ago
- Methane and carbon dioxide fluxes from a seasonal wetland in the Okavango Delta, Botswana, 2018-2020The dataset consists of a continuous time series of heat (latent and sensible) and trace gas (carbon dioxide and methane) fluxes obtained by eddy-covariance, gas concentrations and some ancillary meteorological data (e.g. air temperature, relative humidity, pressure, photosynthetically active radiation, total incoming radiation, wind speed and direction). The data were collected at Nxaraga, on the south edge of Chief’s Island (19°32'53''S; 23°10'45'E), in the seasonally flooded area of the Okavango Delta, Botswana, for the purpose of quantifying greenhouse gas fluxes from seasonal floodplains. The data is reported at half-hourly interval for the measurement period 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2020. Missing data were caused by instrumentation downtime and are reported as -9999.12 years ago
- Plant-pollinator interactions database derived from biological recording data, unpublished experimental data and published interactions in books and papers. The database covers all recorded interactions for bees, hoverflies and butterflies in mainland GB. Interactions were inferred from biological recording metadata by algorithmically screening for text matching a valid scientific or vernacular plant name (or a widely used synonym or abbreviation of either), followed by manual data cleaning. These data were compiled for the construction of multiple potential plant-pollinator networks in combination with plant and pollinator occurrence data.12 years ago
- This dataset provides deposition values of sulphur and nitrogen deposition and concentration values for ammonia (NH3), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) on the UK nature conservation protected sites, averaged over the years 2015 to 2017. The dataset also includes calculated minimum, maximum and gridded average values for each site. Protected nature sites covered are: (i) Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) (ii) Special Protection Areas (SPA) (iii) Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). The data consist of values of nitrogen and acid deposition, and concentrations of ammonia (NH3) based on the Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED), and concentrations of NOX and SO2 using the Pollution Climate Mapping (PCM) model. Nitrogen and acid deposition data is also given for specific habitat types including: (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, (ii) forest everywhere, and (iii) the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) These habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances using the relevant deposition/habitat type.12 years ago
- Dataset contains concentrations of particulate and dissolved organic carbon, inorganic carbon, CO2, CH4 and N2O in the Black Burn stream which drains Auchencorth Moss peatland in South East Scotland. Auchencorth Moss is part of the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology's UK Carbon Catchment project. Concentrations have been measured approximately weekly from January 2007 to December 201112 years ago
- This is a vector data set representing the land surface of Northern Ireland, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This vector Land Parcel dataset is the result of intersecting the 10m raster classified pixel datasets with the UKCEH Land Parcel Spatial Framework to generate summary land parcel attributes for each land cover parcel. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2021 products are available from the LCM2021 product documentation accompanying this dataset.12 years ago
- The dataset contains estimates of the projected area of vegetation derived from the analysis of side-on photographs through the vegetation canopy and recorded for survey quadrats at six UK saltmarsh sites. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England, each of these sites consisted of a saltmarsh area and adjacent mudflat area. Each site comprised 22 quadrats in the vegetated area of salt marsh. A calibrated camera was used to photograph through a 600 x 200mm section of vegetation against a red background. Calibrated images were then classified into vegetation and background classes and parameters of vegetation density in the horizontal were computed. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme - is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- The dataset contain meteorological time series encompassing wind dynamics, and air temperature and relative humidity that were collected in the proximity of the streambed of selected riverine sites within the Hampshire Avon catchment (UK). Six rivers within sub-catchments of contrasting geology (clay, greensand, chalk) and associated river morphology were investigated. Data were obtained from field-based measurements in seasonal campaigns conducted between spring 2013 and winter 2014.12 years ago
- The dataset contains measurements of soil temperature and volumetric water content from plots in agricultural grasslands in the Hampshire Avon catchment (UK) from late-2013 to September 2015. Manipulations of soil temperature were made at three orthogonal experiments in three sub-catchments of contrasting geology (chalk, clay and greensand) between May and September 2015.12 years ago
- This dataset contains anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and denitrification activity of riverine sediments in the Hampshire Avon catchment (UK). Nine rivers within sub-catchments of contrasting geology (clay, sand, chalk) were investigated. Data were obtained via laboratory incubations (potential data) and direct, field-based measurements (in situ data) in summer 2013. Also included are chemical parameters determined in porewaters prior to in situ rate measurements.12 years ago
- Continuous measurements of rainfall from the Frome Piddle; Pang Lambourn and Tern catchments, recorded between 2002 and 2007. Continuous recording rain gauges were installed at six sites in these catchments to record 15 minute rainfall data for differing periods at the varying sites. The instruments were installed as part of the NERC funded Lowland Catchment Research (LOCAR) Programme to provide comparable baseline rainfall data across the LOCAR catchments.12 years ago
- This data describes pollinator associations with commercial blueberry crops within nine farms in the province of Tucumán (26° 50′ 02′′S, 65° 12′ 55′′ W), Argentina. Using transect based walks at two distances from field boundaries the abundance of insect and hummingbird pollinators were assessed. Fruit set attributable to insect and hummingbird pollinators was assessed using pollinator exclusion net bags placed over flowering branches of blueberries.02 years ago
- The dataset contains measurements of temperature (°C) and light availability (Lux) in rivers in the Hampshire Avon catchment (UK). Six rivers within sub-catchments of contrasting geology (clay, sand, chalk) were investigated. The stream sites monitored were chosen to reflect a gradient of base flow index. Data were obtained via direct, field-based measurements every 15 minutes from February 2013 to (max) December 2014 with sensors tethered to the bed of the river at each site.12 years ago
- This dataset contains prey items of common guillemot (Uria aalge) and razorbill (Alca torda) observed during the 2019 breeding season at East Caithness Special Protection Area (SPA), Buchan Ness to Collieston Coast SPA and Isle of May National Nature Reserve, off the east coast of Scotland. The diet of these two species has been studied on the Isle of May since the 1980s. To our knowledge, the only previous studies of diet were undertaken at Buchan Ness to Collieston Coast SPA (in 2006, 6km to the north of the site used in this study; and in 2017 & 2018, using a similar protocol as in 2019), and previous studies of diet have been undertaken at East Caithness SPA (2017 & 2018).12 years ago
- This dataset includes six sets of model output from JULES/IMOGEN simulations. Each set includes output from JULES (the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator) run with 34 climate change patterns from 2000-2099. The outputs provide carbon stocks and variables related to the surface energy budget to understand the implications of land-based climate mitigation.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements from a set of ALPHA (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) sampler sites at Ballynahone National Nature Reserve, a designated Area of Special Scientific Interest (ASSI), Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and Ramsar (wetland of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention) site in Northern Ireland. The park is an ammonia sensitive peatland ecosystem managed locally by Ulster Wildlife Trust (UWT). The data were originally collected due to concern that Ballynahone Bog may be adversely affected by NH3 emissions arising from local livestock installations.12 years ago
- Periphyton data consists of diatom scrubs sampled in a range of riffle and pool habitats including diatom taxa counts (identified to genus level) and computed autotrophic index (ratio of the organic mass per cm2 to mass (microgram) of chlorophyll a) as well as site characterisation data. The data were collected from the South Fork McKenzie river, Oregon, USA in September of 2021 and February 2022 following the Holiday Farm wildfire in Autumn 2020. Samples were collected from a restored and unrestored reach of the South Fork McKenzie River with a view to quantifying differences in periphyton response to wildfire in the restored vs. unrestored river reaches. The study was conducted by the University of Nottingham, with data collected by partners from The US Forest Service, Portland State University, Washington State University and Colorado State University. Funding for the work was received from the Natural Environment Research Council.12 years ago
- This dataset contains pH, turbidity, conductivity and viral concentration information in river and estuarine water, wastewater, sediment and mussel samples collected in the Conwy River and estuary. The aim of data collection was to monitor wastewater contamination in the freshwater-marine continuum. Samples were collected by trained members of staff from Bangor University at four weekly between March 2016 and August 2017. Treated and untreated wastewater samples were collected at four wastewater treatment plants along the Conwy River. Surface water samples were collected at four sites, sediments at three sites and mussels at two sites. The VIRAQUA project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) under the Environmental Microbiology and Human Health (EMHH) Programme (NE/M010996/1)12 years ago
- This data set describes the seed dispersal process of both invaded (presence of Linepithema humile) and non-invaded (absence of L. humile) ant communities. Data were collected from four field sites in and around Girona (41.9794° N, 2.8214° E), Northern Spain, during the summer months of 2014 (June-July) and 2015 (July-September). Experiment 1: Ant community structure of both invaded and non-invaded ant communities was determined using a series of pitfall and baiting traps. Experiment 2: Ant communities were presented with seeds (from eight plant species) via a cafeteria setup and the rate of removal was measured over 24 hours. Experiment 3: A series of 30.25 m2 grids were setup to determine the density (number of nests and number of foraging trails) of both invasive L. humile and native Pheidole pallidula ant species. Experiment 4: Seeds were presented to nests of both the invasive L. humile and native P. pallidula ant species, after 72 hours nests were excavated and the seeds were retrieved. Data was collected from all four experiments to test hypothesis about the dispersal ability of the dominant seed dispersing ant species in both invaded and non-invaded ant communities. Funding was received from a NERC-Case studentship (NE/K007076/1) and COST Action TD1209 (ECOST-STSM-TD1209: 070915-062123, 010715-062122, and 160614-046307) grant. Data provided in its raw format.12 years ago
- Data comprise tree trait data collected during September and October 2016 (the peak dry season), in the Caxiuanã National Forest Reserve, eastern Amazon, Brazil. 17 traits (including plot type, tree species name, diameter at breast height, tree light score, carboxylation capacity, electron transport capacity, leaf respiration in the dark, stomatal conductance, stem CO2 efflux, leaf mass per area, leaf nitrogen and phosphorus content, branch wood density, leaf water potential, xylem pressure, lumen conductance, percentage loss of conductivity, hydraulic Safety Margin and leaf area to sapwood area ratio) of 176 trees (most common genera) were sampled across two experimental plots: a one-hectare through-fall exclusion plot with a plastic panel structure that excludes 50% of the canopy through-fall and has done since 2002 and a corresponding one-hectare control plot without any drought structure. This data comes from the Caxiuanã through-fall exclusion (TFE) experiment located in the terra firma forest, on yellow oxisol soils at 15 m above sea level, with a mean annual rainfall between 2,000–2,500 mm and a pronounced dry season between June and November.12 years ago
- This dataset comes from Moringa oleifera and M. stenopetala seed pod collections harvested from known provenances in Kenya. The data includes both pod and seed traits as well as canopy and coppicing information for the mother trees.12 years ago
- This set of data includes records of vegetation species and characteristics, soil quality metrics and aspects of management relating to a single field on each sampled farm. Data were collected in 2019, from farms across Great Britain belonging to the Pasture Fed Livestock Association (PFLA). The data were collected by the UK Centre of Ecology & Hydrology, during a project funded by the BBSRC, seeking to evidence the impacts of pasture fed livestock approaches on grassland parameters, in particular, sward composition and associated soil qualities.12 years ago
- Data comprise measurements of spectral reflectance for quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) trees at a range of sites in southwestern Colorado near the town of Crested Butte. Spectra were measured in three different ways: hyperspectral measurements of leaves, hyperspectral measurements of bark, and multispectral measurements of canopies. The first two measurements were made using a handheld spectrometer, while the latter were made via airborne imaging from an unmanned aerial system. In addition to these reflectance data, the dataset also includes information on the genotype and/or ploidy level of each sample, as determined by either DNA microsatellite analysis or flow cytometry. All samples are georeferenced. The data include extracted data and raw imagery.12 years ago
- The dataset of neutron probe soil moisture observations for 112 sites (428 probe locations) from 1966 to 2013 includes 4 comma-separated tables, derived from the UK Soil Moisture Databank. The data include: • Neutron probe readings (number of neutrons) and Volumetric soil moisture content (m3 m-3) at a range of soil depths • Profile moisture content (m3 m-3) to a range of soil depths • Metadata (includes probe location, maximum depth of readings, soil type, vegetation, start date, end date) • Relevant publications (references and URL where available) for individual datasets The tube site locations are provided as British National Grid references and latitude/longitude in the tube metadata file. Depths of tube readings are provided in metres.12 years ago
- The dataset contains chlorophyll fluorescence data from different genotypes of two Senecio species on Mount Etna, Sicily. In 2017, multiple clones of c.40 genotypes for each of two Senecio species were transplanted at four elevations (500m, 1000m, 1500m, 2000m) on Mount Etna. For each species, five genotypes were chosen randomly and chlorophyll fluorescence was measured on four clones of each chosen genotype at each transplant elevation using an IMAGING-PAM fluorometer12 years ago
- This dataset contains a colony performance indicator monitored from Bumblebee colonies of similar mass after 43-48 days in the field. The weight in milligrams (mg) is given of each surviving bee recorded as it was removed from the outside of the nest as we progressed towards the nest core. Bumblebee colonies of similar mass were provided with sugar syrup (UT, n=12), containing chlorpyrifos (CP, 150 nanomolar nM, n=6) imidacloprid (IMD, 10 nM, n= 6) or both (IMD + CP, n=12). No pollen was provided and bees were free to forage in a wilderness/grassland area in the west of Scotland. The data were collected as part of a project within the UK Insect Pollinators Initiative (2010-2015).12 years ago
- In-lake temperature data for a peatland headwater lake of the Conwy catchment, North Wales are presented from November 2006 until December 2008. The Lake for which the data represents is Llyn Conwy situated on the Migneint blanket bog within Snowdonia National Park. The data is from a temperature string suspended from a buoy anchored above the deepest part of the lake. Temperature is recorded at 2 metre intervals throughout the lake profile from 1 to 19 m. The purpose of this data is to investigate water column stability and to determine when, and to what degree stratification/mixing occurs and to make inferences about the effect of this on productivity, nutrient and chemical cycling. Note: there are gaps in this data set due to equipment/battery failures and/or freezing of the lake surface which meant it was not accessible.12 years ago
- Data comprise a catalogue of motion activated digital trap camera images obtained from cameras located in the Red Forest, Chornobyl (Ukraine) over a period of a year (September 2016 - September 2017); images are included. In total 45,859 images were captured; of these 19,393 contained identifiable species or organism types, 565 recorded people, 349 were of species that could not be determined and 25,552 images recorded nothing. In addition there were 687 images of members of the research team setting up and servicing the cameras. All images, with the exception of those that recorded people or camera setup/service, are included as part of the dataset. Site characteristics and descriptions for each camera location are provided (e.g. site location, estimates of ambient dose rate, activity concentration of Cs-137 and Sr-90 in soil, Cs-137 and Sr-90 deposition, extent of fire damage, vegetation and forest cover and density and water proximity). The same person recorded all descriptive parameters. Information related to each cameras deployment is also provided; this includes camera deployment periods, number of days deployed and a summary of the images (e.g. number of images with mammals, birds or insects in, number of images with nothing in, number of images with people in) and the total number of triggering events recorded. Also provided are indicative weighted absorbed dose rates estimated using the ERICA Tool v2.0 https://erica-tool.com/ for a ‘large mammal’ and ‘red fox’. Species definitively captured on the motion activated digital trap cameras were:Brown hare, Eurasian elk, Eurasian lynx, European badger, Domesticated dog (feral), Grey wolf, Przewalski's horse, Raccoon dog, Red deer, Red fox, Red squirrel, Roe deer, Wild boar, Black grouse, Common blackbird, Common buzzard, Common wood pigeon, Eurasian bittern, Eurasian hoopoe, Eurasian Jay, Eurasian sparrowhawk, Eurasian woodcock, European nightjar, European robin, Fieldfare, Great egret, Great grey shrike, Great spotted woodpecker, Great tit, Hazel grouse, Mistle thrush, Red backed shrike and Song thrush. Others identified to genus level include:Marten sp., Finch sp., Shrike sp., Thrush sp. There were also some mammal and bird species which were unidentifiable. Site descriptions, camera information, a summary of the contents of the image catalogue, summaries of mammals and birds by setup, site and camera and all the trap camera images have been provided as part of this dataset.12 years ago
- The dataset contains national trends for 432 species of moths (mostly macro-moths) estimated using the moth data collected by Rothamsted Insect Survey (RIS) from their national light-trap network between the years 1968 and 2016. The trends were calculated using a Generalised Abundance Index (GAI) model. The trends are presented as year coefficients from the statistical model, Annual Growth Rates (AGR), and the total percentage changes over the whole time series. For each trend metric 95% and 90% confidence intervals are also provided. The dataset additionally contains a related set of trends produced specifically for the Atlas of Britain & Ireland’s Larger Moths which used a restricted subset of the data from UK analysis, specifically only using data from traps in Great Britain and only data from 1970 and 2016.02 years ago
- The Land Cover Map of Great Britain 1990 (1km percentage target class, GB), is a raster digital dataset, providing a classification of land cover types into 25 classes, at a 1km resolution. The dataset consists of a set of 1km bands, each containing one of 25 target classes (or 'sub' classes). Each band of the dataset contains the percentage of the specified habitat class per 1km, derived from a higher resolution (25m) dataset. The map was produced using supervised maximum likelihood classifications of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper satellite data. The 25 mapped classes include sea and inland waters, bare, suburban and urban areas, arable farmland, pastures and meadows, rough grass, grass heaths and moors, bracken, dwarf shrub heaths and moorland, scrub, deciduous and evergreen woodland, and upland and lowland bogs. It can potentially be used to plan, manage or monitor agriculture, ecology, conservation, forestry, environmental assessment, water supplies, urban spread, transport, telecommunications, recreation and mineral extraction. The map was produced in the early 1990s by a forerunner of the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, at Monks Wood. Note: The bands in the dataset run from 1-26, not 0-25 as stated in the documentation. Hence '1' is unclassifed (not '0'), '2' is sea/estuary and so on.02 years ago
- Data comprise soil temperature, air temperature, soil volumetric moisture content, relative humidity, and surface wetness data from Onset Microstation Data Loggers at five locations (within the main vegetation types) at SikSik creek catchment, Trail Valley Creek, NWT, Canada. The data were collected under Project HYDRA, a NERC funded UK research project linking Heriot Watt University, the Universities of Durham, Aberdeen and Stirling, and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), Edinburgh. Project HYDRA is part of the UK Arctic Research Programme. Project HYDRA studies sites in Arctic Canada to investigate the biological, chemical and physical controls on the release of greenhouse gases from permafrost into melt water and to the atmosphere and how these emissions will influence global warming.12 years ago
- The dataset comprises counts of ten waterfowl species collected from Loch Leven from 1968-2007 by staff at Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) and its predecessor bodies (Nature Conservancy), as part of their long-term monitoring programme of the lake. Counts are for the whole loch and represent an annual peak count based on the monthly counts recorded from September (of the year indicated) through to March (of the following year).12 years ago
- Data comprises abundance measures of mites, collembola and plant biomass collected from a field experiment based at Sourhope. Experimental plots varied in nitrogen addition treatment and level of ground disturbance. The data were collected as a component of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Programme, established in 1999 and centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute)'s farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders. During this time, the site was monitored to assess changes in aboveground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- Land Cover Map 2007 (LCM2007) is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors. It also covers Northern Ireland and incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible , incorporating land cover classes sought by other users. LCM2007 is produced in both vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. Product consists of 1km percentages per Target Class. Northern Ireland only.12 years ago
- The datasets contains monthly Leica LS15 precise levelling data which is used to measure monthly peat surface motion from 49 points in 1km2 of upland (RSPB Forsinard Knockfin Heights) and 49 points in a 1km2 of lowland (Plantlife Munsary) blanket peatland within the Flow Country, Caithness and Sutherland. Data was obtained between August 2017 and February 2019 covering the 2018 European Drought Event. Also included are loop closures and measurement standard deviation data.12 years ago
- This dataset provides data on the timing of butterfly flight periods for each UK butterfly species across all monitored sites in the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Annual data from over 2,500 sites are presented relating to the timing (first appearance, last appearance, date of peak abundance and mean flight date) and the duration (total number of days, standard deviation around the mean flight date) of the flight period for all UK butterfly species from 1976 to 2021. In addition, this data is divided each year for eleven multi-voltine species to provide separate phenology data for distinct flight periods associated with first and subsequent generations. Phenology change is a widely used measure of the biological impacts of climate change because of the close relationship between temperature and the timing of biological events. This dataset provides an invaluable tool for assessing the impacts of climate change both spatially and temporally. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset includes a set of modelled outputs produced as part of the DECIDE project. Three groups were modelled; butterflies, day-flying moths and night-flying moths. (For the moths, we only considered 'macro-moths'.) For each group there are three outputs; species richness, model variability and DECIDE recording priority. The outputs summarise across multiple species within each group. The model’s prediction probability of occurrence for individual species is not made available. The outputs are in a raster format on Ordnance Survey National Grid reference system (OSGB) at 100m x 100m resolution. Species richness layers are a modelled prediction of how many species are present at a location. Model variability is used to determine where a model is uncertain about its prediction of species occurrence. Model variability is combined with information about how recently a species had been recorded to produce the DECIDE recording priority. The DECIDE recording priority is a measure to prioritise locations to support adaptive sampling of where to collect species occurrence data to improve species distribution models.12 years ago
- Data comprise soil microbial and biogeochemical data collected during a climate and vegetation change experiment conducted across three valleys in Tyrol, in the Austrian Alps. Sites were located near the villages of Obergurgl (lat., long. = 46.844833, 11.023783; mean elevation = 2279m), Soelden (46.978367, 10.972217, mean elevation = 2469m) and Vent (46.863217, 10.896800, mean elevation = 2472m). Soil microbial data include phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses, and bacterial (16S Small subunit ribosomal RNA) and fungal (internal transcribed spacer region 2) high throughput sequences. Soil biogeochemical data include soil extracellular enzyme activities, soil pH, gravimetric moisture content and various C and N pools and fluxes. The experiment was funded by NERC project NE/N009452/1.12 years ago
- The dataset details surface sediment water content across six intertidal sites in the winter and summer of 2013. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England. Each of these sites consisted of a saltmarsh area and adjacent mudflat area, with twenty two sampling quadrats placed on each area. Five replicate sediment samples were taken at each quadrat and then freeze dried to give average percentage water content. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- The data consists of annual measurements of standing aboveground plant biomass, annual aboveground net primary productivity and annual soil respiration between 1998 and 2012. Data were collected from seven European shrublands that were subject to the climate manipulations drought and warming. Sites were located in the United Kingdom (UK), the Netherlands (NL), Denmark ( two sites, DK-B and DK-M), Hungary (HU), Spain (SP) and Italy (IT). All field sites consisted of untreated control plots, plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours, and plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season. Standing aboveground plant biomass (grams biomass per square metre) was measured in two undisturbed areas within the plots using the pin-point method (UK, DK-M, DK-B), or along a transect (IT, SP, HU, NL). Aboveground net primary productivity was calculated from measurements of standing aboveground plant biomass estimates and litterfall measurements. Soil respiration was measured in pre-installed opaque soil collars bi-weekly, monthly, or in measurement campaigns (SP only). The datasets provided are the basis for the data analysis presented in Reinsch et al. (2017) Shrubland primary production and soil respiration diverge along European climate gradient. Scientific Reports 7:43952 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep4395212 years ago
- The dataset contains 1km gridded estimates of hourly rainfall for Great-Britain for the period 1990-2014. The estimates are derived by applying the nearest neighbour interpolation method to a national database of hourly raingauge observations collated by Newcastle University and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH). These interpolated hourly estimates were then used to temporally disaggregate the CEH-GEAR daily rainfall dataset. The estimated rainfall on a given hour refers to the rainfall amount accumulated in the previous hour. The dataset also contains data indicating the distance between the grid point and the closest recording raingauge used in its interpolation. When this distance is greater than 50km, or there is zero rainfall recorded in the closest gauge, the daily value is disaggregated using a design storm. The dataset therefore also contains a flag indicating if the design storm was used. These data are provided as an indicator of the quality of the estimates.02 years ago
- This data pertains to simulations carried for 90 days for a 100 cm deep lysimeter planted with rice plant in Ningbo, China. The diameter of the lysimeter was 80 cm. The boundary conditions for the simulations were obtained from the in-situ instruments. Soil moisture and metal concentration in the root zone were simulated and recorded at regular intervals.12 years ago
- This dataset contains fitness-linked life history traits, environmental data, and protein and gene expression data for Daphnia magna. Life history data were measured in common garden experiments. For each clone of the same genotype across all experiments, size at maturity (distance between the head and the base of the tail spine), age at maturity (first time eggs were observed in the brood chamber), fecundity (total number of offspring released summing first and second brood), and mortality were measured. Critical thermal maximum (CTmax) was measured on the experimental animals. Environmental data consisted of Secchi disk depth (water transparency) ; total phosphorous; and total nitrogen for the years 1971–1999; a record of pesticides 1955–2010; temperature records over the past century 80 km from Lake Ring. Organic and carbonate contents of the sediment was estimated using the loss on ignition (LOI) method. Hb protein data consisted of constitutive Hb protein crude content animals reared in normoxic (saturated oxygen level) conditions at two experimental temperatures, 20 and 30°C. Heat shock protein expression was measured in four heat shock proteins (HSP20, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90). Total RNA, qPCR, mean CT (cycle threshold) value per sample and per protein were collected.12 years ago
- The data consist of tree ring oxygen (δ18Otr) and carbon (δ13Ctr) isotope data of Macrolobium acaciifolium and Cedrela odorata from five sites in the Amazon basin, including Pacaya (Peru) and Maranon (Peru), Leticia (Colombia), Manuripi (Bolivia) and Riberalta (Bolivia). All sample preparation (i.e., cutting ring sections, cellulose extraction, weighing and packing) was done at the University of Leeds, and all isotope ratio measurements were done at Stable Isotope Laboratory at the University of Leicester.12 years ago
- These data are benthic organic matter stocks of coarse and fine particulate organic matter in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as a control (no addition of deciduous leaves). To characterise the benthic organic matter of the studied streams, a Surber net was used to collect monthly samples during 2013 on January (before deciduous leaf addition) and from February to April (after deciduous leaf addition) in each sampling reach. The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity and organic matter stocks respond to leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible of organising the surveys, Marian Pye was in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset contains samples and occurrences of insects and flowers collected for the 1 km square survey of the UK Pollinator Monitoring Scheme (PoMS). It covers the years 2017 to 2021 (note that 2017 was a pilot year and has less data than subsequent years, and that the survey first became active in Northern Ireland in 2021, which was a pilot year in that country). This survey uses pan-traps positioned on transects within a randomly allocated set of 1 km squares across the UK. The sample data contains information on the location of the traps, various environmental variables, and the total number of insect specimens collected. The occurrence data for insects contains records of all hoverflies and bees from the traps, identified (wherever possible) to species level. The occurrence data for flowers contains records of all forbs that are in flower within 2 metres of each pan-trap station. (In addition, Flower-Insect Timed Counts are carried out in the same 1 km squares, see separate dataset for these data.) UK PoMS is coordinated by UKCEH, with involvement from the following partners: Bumblebee Conservation Trust, Butterfly Conservation, British Trust for Ornithology, Buglife, Hymettus, Natural History Museum, the University of Reading and University of Leeds, and working with recording schemes and societies. UKPoMS is advised and supported by a Steering Group, involving UKCEH, JNCC, DAERA, Defra, NatureScot, Welsh Government, All-Ireland Pollinators Plan, and SASA.12 years ago
- This dataset contains single scanning electron microscopy images for fruits/seeds collected between 2014 and 2020 from fourteen plant species found in Brazilian Cerrado as an indication of seed structure, morphology and size. The work was supported by NE/T004851/1 NERC-FAPESP Seedcorn Fund Collaboration Project 'Fire-adapted seed traits in Cerrado species' between RHUL (UK) and UNESP (Brazil).12 years ago
- This dataset contains information on the following: nest building, identity of breeding pairs, date when the first egg is laid, number of eggs, hatch date and the number and condition of fledglings for great tits, blue tits, marsh tits and coal tits. The data presented were collected in Wytham Woods, Oxfordshire, UK during April and June in 2020 and 2021 by Keith McMahon, Sam Croft and Kristina Beck, as part of a long-term nestbox project on the breeding biology of birds. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/S010335/1), The ecology of behavioural contagion in natural systems.12 years ago
- This dataset holds daily data from one automated weather station (AWS) located at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. The data are on relative humidity (percent), air temperature (degrees Celsius), rainfall (millimetres), air pressure (millibars), net radiation (millivolts), solar radiation (kilowatts per square metre per second), photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), (micromol per square metre per second), wind speed (metres per second) and wind direction (degrees). Data is an extension of the daily AWS datasets for 1999-2015 and 2015-2016, for the time period September 2016 to December 2021. Data were recorded in minute intervals, averaged to half-hourly, then to daily means which are reported here. Data which were not recorded are marked with “NA”, faulty data were replaced with “-9999”. Data collection, processing and quality checking was carried out by members of CEH and UKCEH staff. The following measures were taken with sensors from Campbell Scientific: Rainfall sums are measured with an ARG100 Tipping bucket, air pressure is measured with a CS100 Barometer. Further, Solar radiation and PAR are measured using a Skye SP1110 pyranometer and a SKP215 quantum sensor from Skye Instruments. Wind direction and speed were recorded using a windsonic 2D Ultrasonic Anemometer from Windsonic. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported data are collected to monitor site specific environmental conditions and their development over time. These data are important to interpret results that are collected from the climate change manipulations imposed in the field.12 years ago
- This dataset contains half-hourly output data (for the year 2011) generated by a preliminary version of the Shrubland Ecosystem Assessment (SEcA) model. SEcA calculates the ecosystem processes for a semi-arid shrubland system, for this dataset the model has been configured for a Caatinga ecosystem. The model generates four output files, those generating the aerodynamic and surface resistances, state variables, energy balance fluxes, and carbon flux-related outputs. The data provided here relate to model runs with the JULES Farquhar model, with the Sinclair plant water stress switched on. This work was funded by Newton/NERC/FAPESP Nordeste project: NE/N012488/1.12 years ago
- This dataset contains weather conditions, water quality, water chemistry and crustacean zooplankton counts sampled at Loch Leven throughout the year 2020. Loch Leven is a lowland lake in Scotland, United Kingdom. The data were collected as part of a long-term monitoring programme, which began in 1968 and is still underway. Sampling occurs roughly every 2 weeks with laboratory analysis and data processing being performed at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Edinburgh site. The sampling and processing was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a range of ecological measurements collected from a set of arable fields, each sown with a combination of genetically modified and conventional winter-sown oilseed rape crops. Measurements include species counts in the following areas: weed seedbank, vegetation in the crop, field edge vegetation, invertebrates. The data were collected as part of the Farm Scale Evaluations (FSEs), a four-year programme of research by independent researchers aimed at studying the effect that the management practices associated with Genetically Modified Herbicide Tolerant (GMHT) crops might have on farmland wildlife, when compared with weed control used with non-GM crops. Data were collected by a consortium of: the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (now the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology), the Institute of Arable Crops Research (now Rothamsted Research) and the Scottish Crop Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute). Data were collected for four crops overall (Beet, Maize, Spring-sown Oilseed Rape and Winter-sown oilseed Rape).12 years ago
- Rabbit and deer data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. These data are collected by transect at ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. The protocol uses an index method based on dropping counts (of deer, rabbits - and where appropriate sheep and Grouse) to estimate relative abundance. They represent twice-yearly continuous records from 1993 to 2012. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.02 years ago
- This dataset contains the number and fork length of Aphanius fasciatus and Gambusia holbrooki individuals caught in traps within pools and channels in Akrotiri SBA, Cyprus between 26th February 2018 and 19th March 2019. Fish were collected from submerged and semi-submerged traps within six pools and three channels within the lake approximately every two weeks before being measured, sexed as obvious males and then released. Traps were deployed for 24 hours before data were collected. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen and conductivity were also measured. Data were collected as part of a Defra Darwin Initiative Plus project to ascertain baseline data on native and non-native fish populations in the Sovereign Base Area of Akrotiri.12 years ago
- The data resource consists of half hourly time series of heat (latent and sensible) and trace gas (carbon dioxide and methane) fluxes obtained by eddy-covariance, gas concentrations and ancillary meteorological data (e.g. air temperature, relative humidity, pressure, photosynthetically active radiation, total incoming radiation, wind speed and direction). The data were collected at Guma Lagoon (18°57'53.01'S; 22°22'16.20'E), in the perennially flooded area of the Okavango Delta, Botswana, for the purpose of quantifying greenhouse gas fluxes over a Cyperus papyrus stand. The measurement period was 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2020. The instrumentation was installed the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology; monthly maintenance and data collection visits were effected by the Okavango Research Institute, University of Botswana. The research was funded through NERC grant reference NE/N015746/2 - The Global Methane Budget.12 years ago
- Data comprise stable element concentrations for a range of elements, radionuclide activity concentrations for the isotopes K-40 and Cs-137 and radionuclide and stable element concentration ratios. Samples of soil, water, vegetation (grasses, trees, herbaceous plants and shrubs), fungi, earthworms, bees, wood mice, bank voles, common frogs, frogspawn and European toads were collected between March 2015 and October 2016 from two forests in north-east England. The study was conducted to target representative terrestrial species of the ICRPs Reference Animals and Plants. Funding for this work was via the TREE project funded by NERC, the Environment Agency and Radioactive Waste Management Ltd. under the RATE programme.12 years ago
- Data collected during field experiments to investigate the effect of wildfires on greenhouse gas emissions across forests of differing ages in Sweden. Data comprise greenhouse gas measurements, soil horizon depth, bulk density, loss on ignition, pH, soil phosphorus, carbon and nitrogen, plant species cover, air temperature, soil temperature, soil moisture and surface leaf moisture. Greenhouse gas measurements were taken in the field. Soil cores were collected, then processed and analysed in the laboratory. Plant species cover was by visual estimate and final plant biomass was collected, dried, and weighed. Weather stations were used to collect temperature and moisture data. Data were collected from six Swedish boreal forest sites forming a chronosequence ranging in age from approximately 45 to 365 years since last wildfire. This part of the project used soil and plant property data, climatic data, and age since wildfire to investigate controls on forest floor greenhouse gas fluxes. The project ran from 2012 to 2015.12 years ago
- This resource comprises a time series dataset of ant and other invertebrate abundance measured fortnightly at bait monitoring cards on an experimental plot in the Maliau Basin Conservation Area, Malaysian Borneo. The resource includes data regarding the amount of food resource removed from experimental plots when either ants or vertebrates were excluded from the resource. The data were collected to assess the roles that the different groups (ants, invertebrates, vertebrates) play in ecosystem function, and the capacity for functional redundancy within and between these groups. Data were collected between 2014 and 2016 during a project run by the University of Liverpool, which was part of the NERC Human-modified tropical forest (HMTF) Programme.12 years ago
- Data comprise sample site information, dose rate, radionuclide (zirconium-95, niobium-95, ruthenium-106, caesium-134, caesium-137 and cerium-144) deposition, and exchangeable caesium-134 and 137 in soils collected from within a 60 km radius of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP) in 1987 following the Chernobyl nuclear accident on 26th April 1986. The work was carried out by the Ukrainian Institute of Agricultural Radiology (UIAR), a division of National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. Funding for preparing this data set was provided by the TREE project (funded by NERC, the Environment Agency and Radioactive Waste Management Ltd under the RATE programme) and associated iCLEAR projects (funded by NERC).12 years ago
- These datasets provide Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) values of sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric deposition for 5x5 kilometre (km) grid squares of the UK averaged over the years 2014 to 2016. The data consist of deposition values for sulphur, oxidised nitrogen and reduced nitrogen, and base cations. Total deposition is the sum of four components calculated separately: wet deposition, dry deposition of gases, dry deposition of particulate matter and cloud droplet deposition. Habitat-specific data are provided for (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, and (ii) forest everywhere. Additionally, the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) is also calculated. The habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances. The work in generating and compiling the dataset has been funded by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and various Departments for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) contracts.12 years ago
- A set of data arising from a detailed ecological survey of the native Scots Pine woodland habitats within Scotland. In all, 27 woods from throughout Scotland were identified as the major remaining native pinewoods, and within each wood 16 randomly selected 200m2 plots were surveyed (26 of the woods were surveyed in 1971, with 1 extra wood surveyed in 1972). Details about the trees, ground flora, soil, habitat types as well as general plot information were collected for each plot using standardized procedures and coding systems. The survey was carried out by the Nature Conservancy, a forerunner of the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- Soil data comprises sample depth, moisture content, % sand/silt/clay, texture, and various nitrate/nitrite/carbon metrics. These data were collected from the South Fork McKenzie River, Oregon, USA in July 2020, February 2021 and June 2021 following the Holiday Farm wildfire in Autumn 2020. Samples were collected from a restored and unrestored reach of the South Fork McKenzie River with a view to quantifying differences in soil response to wildfire in the restored vs. unrestored river reaches. The study was conducted by the University of Nottingham, with data collected by partners from The US Forest Service, Portland State University, Washington State University and Colorado State University. Funding for the work was received from the Natural Environment Research Council grant NE/V021443/1.12 years ago
- The dataset consists of location records of the Harlequin ladybird (Harmonia axyridis) in the UK. The records span from 2004 to 2016 with three records from 2003. Records were collected from several sources with the majority coming from online recording via the Harlequin Ladybird Survey website, the UK Ladybird Survey website and the iRecord Ladybird app. Other records have come from coleopterists and from a data call for the most recent ladybird atlas (e.g. local record centres, natural history societies, county Coleoptera recorders). The records include location, date and vice county, as well as life stage and colour form where available. The arrival of the Harlequin ladybird has provided a unique opportunity to study the spread of an invasive animal from the start of the invasion process. The advancements in modern technology, in particular the internet, has also provided new opportunities for recording and has enabled engagement with a far wider audience than was previously possible. This has allowed the ladybird surveys to deal efficiently with large volumes of data and verify and validate submitted records quickly. The data authors are extremely grateful to the many thousands of people across Britain who have contributed their ladybird findings to the UK Ladybird Survey.12 years ago
- This data set comprises water quality data from five tributaries of the River Thames, UK. Sampling sites at each river were from both upstream and downstream of sewage effluent point sources. Parameters measured were phosphorus and nitrogen species, dissolved organic carbon and major dissolved anions (fluoride, chloride, sulphate). This work was carried out as a part of the NERC project: “The environmental REsistome: confluence of Human and Animal Biota in antibiotic resistance spread (REHAB)” (Project reference NE/N019660/1).12 years ago
- The dataset contains stem respiration (ppm) of 320 trees with DBH (Diameter at breast height) > 26 cm, measured with the EGM-4 (Environmental Gas Monitor for CO2). Data were collected on October 2019. In relation to the soil respiration dataset, it contains soil respiration (µmol CO2m-2 s-1) of different type of collars placed on the forest floor, and measured with the LI – 8100 A soil respiration system. Data were collected from June 2017 to October 2019. In both activities, leak tests were done before collections. All research was conducted in a field site approximately 80 km north of Manaus, in the state of Amazonas, Brasil.12 years ago
- Ash-free dry mass (AFDM) of three distinct size fractions of organic matter (>1cm, >1mm and > 0.025mm) collected in quantitative samples of the benthic substrate determined from up to 10 replicate samples at three chalkstream sites in the Wessex chalk area (Nine Mile River, River Till and River Wylye) on each sampling occasion. Data were collected on seven occasions on the Wylye and Nine Mile River and on five occasions on the Till, between October 2012 and October 2013. Data were collected to construct quantified food webs detailing the flux of mass and nutrients between nodes of the food web. This dataset was created as part of work package 3.2 of the Wessex Biodiversity & Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) project.12 years ago
- This data represents twenty-four modelled rainfall depth estimates by GridASCII files across the state of Kerala, India, for four durations (1, 6, 24 and 192 hours) and six return periods (2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years). The estimates were produced using a similar procedure to the Flood Estimation Handbook statistical method for flood frequency estimation: separately for each duration, the estimated median annual maximum (AMAX) rainfall was used as a standardizing “index” value and the estimated L-moments of the AMAX series were used to fit a generalized logistic distribution “growth curve”. The data are in units of mm at a spatial resolution of 0.12 degrees.12 years ago
- This dataset contains measured daily values of precipitation, air and soil temperature, soil water content, measured net ecosystem exchange (NEE) fluxes using eddy covariance, calculated gross primary production (GPP), terrestrial ecosystem respiration (TER) and net biome production (NBP) fluxes using an online tool (http://www.bgc-jena.mpg.de/~MDIwork/eddyproc/upload.php), measured fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide using static chambers and measured fluxes of nitrous oxide using eddy covariance, measured fluxes of nitrogen oxides (NOx) using automatic chambers, measured nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) leaching, livestock density, nitrogen and carbon input from mineral and organic fertiliser and yield of a managed grassland (Easterbush, 03°02'W, 55°52' N, 190 m a.s.l ) in South East Scotland. Data were collected between January 2002 and December 2010. Furthermore the dataset contains one off soil carbon and nitrogen data collected in 2004 and 2010. The dataset also contains monthly dry N deposition data from a field nearby Easterbush (about 300 m distance) measured with a DELTA system from 2002-2010. The data were collected as part of the three European projects GREENGRASS (EC EVK2-CT2001-00105), the NitroEurope Integrated Project (contract 017841) and CarboEurope (Contract No. GOCE-CT-2003-505572).12 years ago
- This dataset provides the details of all sites which have been monitored as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Data includes the location within the UK, the length and width of the line transect on each site, and how long the transect has been monitored. The UKBMS started in 1976 with fewer than 50 sites. The number of sites monitored each year has increased to over a thousand since 2008. There is turnover in sites monitored each year and details of the first and last year in which each site was surveyed are given. The majority of site data is provided by recorders at the time a transect is created. The majority of these recorders are volunteers. The Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) collate the data and the UKBMS is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC).12 years ago
- Regular temperature, rainfall and other weather data, as collected between February 1999 and September 2002 from an on-site Automatic Weather Station, located on experimental plots at Sourhope, Scotland. Data were collected as part of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme, which was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT 8545 1963). During this time, the site was monitored to assess changes in above-ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- This dataset contains data pertaining to the phenotypes (height and budburst) and genotypes (via SNP array) for a subset of trees from a long term multi-site Scots pine experimental trial.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the 1km raster, percentage target class version of the Land Cover Map 1990 (LCM1990) for Great Britain. The 1km percentage product provides the percentage cover for each of 21 land cover classes for 1km x 1km pixels. This product contains one band per target habitat class (producing a 21 band image). The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. LCM1990 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images (mainly from 1989 and 1990) into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is the first in a series of land cover maps for the UK, which also includes maps for 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019. LCM1990 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the UKCEH web site and the LCM1990 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The dataset includes life history, biometric and weather data collected for banded mongooses at Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda, in the period 2017-2020. The data includes a list of experimental individuals, in addition to more general information collected in the field regarding the mongooses life history, body mass measured daily in the field, biometric data collected during trapping events and weather data.12 years ago
- This data resource provides plot-level habitat data for the first eight years (2015-2022) of the National Plant Monitoring Scheme (covering the UK, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man). Data consist of surveyor-recorded habitat information on repeated samples of fixed plots at the metre-scale. Other information includes the date of sampling, data regarding the spatial location of the plot, and an assessment of whether or not the recorded broad habitat is reported to have changed between surveyor visits. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This data set consists of data collected from one field season (2018) from the ORPHEE tree diversity experiment run by INRA Bordeaux in SW France. Data was collected on tree traits (tree height, shoot length), abundance of leaf miners, damage by leaf chewers, and leaf damage by oak powdery mildew, a foliar fungal pathogen. Data was collected from plots differing in tree species richness and drought treatment.12 years ago
- The data comprise Sentinel-2 derived burn severity rasters covering restored and unrestored reaches of the South Fork McKenzie river, Oregon USA. The data were collected in order to quantify differences in burn severity in restored and unrestored river reaches following the Holiday Farm wildfire in 2020. Raw satellite imagery acquired in June 2020 and June 2021 was processed to calculate Normalised Burn Ratio (NBR), giving pre- and post-fire burn severity information. Data consist of 10 m .TIF raster imagery where a digital number gives a measure of burn severity; high NBR values indicate healthy vegetation, whereas lower values indicate burnt areas or bare ground. The study was conducted by the University of Nottingham, in partnership with the US Forest Service, Portland State University, Washington State University and Colorado State University. Funding for the work was received from the Natural Environment Research Council.12 years ago
- Data comprise stable element concentrations in terrestrial Reference Animals and Plants (RAPs) and corresponding whole-body concentration ratios determined in two different Mediterranean ecosystems: a Pinewood and a Dehesa (grassland with disperse tree cover). The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) RAPs considered in the Pinewood ecosystem were Pine Tree and Wild Grass; whereas in the Dehesa ecosystem those considered were Deer, Rat, Earthworm, Bee, Frog, Duck and Wild Grass. The data include: elemental concentrations in soils; elemental concentrations in plants, invertebrates, vertebrate tissues and estimated concentrations for vertebrate whole-organisms; individual concentration ratios (relating the fresh matter concentration in organisms to the dry matter concentration in soil); vertebrate species tissue masses; fresh to dry matter data for invertebrate species; geometric and arithmetic mean and standard deviation summaries for elemental concentrations and concentration ratios. Elemental concentrations presented include I, Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, P, S, K. Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Cs, Ba, Tl, Pb and U.12 years ago
- Datasets consists of the results of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) flow simulations for a section of the South Saskatchewan River, Canada. The aim of these CFD simulations was to investigate the effect of dunes on the depth-averaged and near-bed flow fields. Modelling was carried out using the open source CFD package OpenFOAM to solve the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. The dataset consists of two files, one with simulation results for a river bed characterised by alluvial bedforms (dunes) and one for a smooth river bed without dunes. This work was part of NERC project NE/L00738X/1. Digital Surface Models (DSMs) were constructed using imagery obtained on four occasions (13th May 2015; 2nd Sept 2016; 8th June 2017; and 12th June 2017).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements at two sites in a rural location in South Lanarkshire. The sites are located in a dwelling, one site is inside in the hall and the other is outside in the garden area . The garden backs onto grassland which is part of a large dairy farm. The ammonia measurements are taken from a set of UKCEH ALPHA® (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) samplers from January 2017 to November 2018. Samplers are exposed in monthly cycles at the beginning of each month.12 years ago
- The data consists of a matrix of twelve land cover classes by 20 stream sites with the area of each land cover class given in km^2. The areal coverage (km2) of each of twelve land cover classes was recorded for each of 20 chalkstream catchments in southern England. The 20 discrete chalkstream catchments are distributed along the white chalk geology extending from Dorset in the south west, through Wiltshire, to Hampshire in the north east, to cover a gradient of catchment land cover intensification from extensive calcareous grassland and woodland through to arable and improved grasslands. These data were acquired in July 2012. This dataset was created as part of work package 3.1 of the Wessex Biodiversity & Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) project.12 years ago
- This dataset provides linear trends, over varying time periods, for the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS) Collated Indices of individual butterfly species across the UK. The main statistical values derived from a linear regression (slope, standard error, P-value) are presented for the entire time series for each species (1976 to 2015), for the last 20 years, and for the last decade. In addition a trend class, based on slope direction and its significance, and a percentage change for that time period are provided to describe the statistical trends. These trend data are provided for 59 UK butterfly species. Trends across different time series allow us to determine the long and short-term trends for individual species. This enables us to focus conservation and research and also to assess species responses to conservation already in place. The Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of this trend datasets. The collection of the underlying UKBMS data is reliant on a large volunteer community. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). This version supersedes the original version due to an error in the precision of the reported figures. This dataset is updated annually and a more recent version of the UKBMS species trends (2016) is now available.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of weekly mean sizes of Perch (Perca fluviatilis) from trapping at Green Tuft, Windermere, Cumbria, sampled between 1946 and 2012. Perch have been monitored in the north and south basins of Windermere by trapping with variations in sampling sites and efforts from 1943 to the present. The data were initially collected by the Freshwater Biological Association (FBA) but have been collected by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and its predecessor Institute of Freshwater Ecology (IFE) since 1989.12 years ago
- 1km resolution gridded potential evapotranspiration over Great Britain for the years 1961-2012. This dataset contains time series of two potential evapotranspiration variables. The first is potential evapotranspiration (PET) (mm/day) calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation [1] for FAO-defined well-watered grass [2]. The second is potential evapotranspiration with interception correction (PETI) (mm/day), which adds a correction for interception by a well-watered grass on days in which there is rainfall. Both PET and PETI are calculated using the Climate Hydrology and Ecology research Support System meteorology dataset (CHESS-met) meteorological variables [3]. [1] Monteith, J. L.: Evaporation and environment, in: 19th Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology, University Press, Cambridge, 1965 [2] Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., and Smith, M.: Crop evapotranspiration - Guidelines for computing crop water requirements, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper, 1998. [3] Robinson, E. L., Blyth, E., Clark, D. B., Finch, J., Rudd, A. C. (2015). Climate hydrology and ecology research support system meteorological dataset (1961-2012) [CHESS-met] . NERC-Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/80887755-1426-4dab-a4a6-250919d5020c02 years ago
- This dataset presents estimates of total carbon stored in vegetation across Great Britain (GB). Presented as carbon density (tonnes per hectare) the data was obtained by estimating carbon density values for each land cover type and then projecting across GB using the 2007 Land Cover Map. Countryside Survey data from 2007 was also used to derive the carbon density estimates for each land cover type and as such the dataset is a representation for 2007. Changes in size and productivity of the aboveground carbon pool may act as a sink or source for carbon dioxide. As such, the carbon stored in vegetation and its spatial distribution plays a vital role in climate regulation.12 years ago
- Gridded daily meteorological variables over Great Britain for the years 1961-2019 at 1 km resolution. This dataset contains time series of daily mean values of air temperature (K), specific humidity (kg kg-1), wind speed (m s-1), downward longwave radiation (W m-2), downward shortwave radiation (W m-2), precipitation (kg m-2 s-2) and air pressure (Pa), plus daily temperature range (K). These are the variables required to run the JULES land surface model with daily disaggregation. The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable for each month of the dataset. This research has been carried out under national capability funding as part of the NERC Hydro-JULES programme (NE/S017380/1) and under the NERC Changing Water Cycle program (NE/I006087/1).12 years ago
- The dataset contains measurements of CO2 efflux from streams, springs, reservoirs and ponds in the Houzhai catchment, a typical karst catchment in the karst region of SW China. Data were obtained via direct, field-based measurements during monthly campaigns conducted between January 2016 and February 2017. Also included are water chemistry parameters (water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, electronic conductivity, concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13C-DIC)) and flow velocity (determined prior to in-situ flux measurements). The data were collected under the NERC-funded project: Addressing a significant knowledge gap in fluvial system atmospheric CO2 efflux: the contribution from karst landscapes (NE/N002806/1).12 years ago
- The dataset contains stable isotope data from surface and groundwater samples collected in the Gandak Basin, north India. The data was collected between March 2017 and February 2019. These measurements were taken to improve understanding of surface and subsurface water interconnections and movement through river and canal networks and underlying aquifers. The data were collected as part of the NERC sponsored project Coupled Human and Natural Systems Environment (CHANSE), grant number NE/N01670X/112 years ago
- A data set consisting of seventeen functional traits collected on 43 saplings from a Control and 33 saplings from a long-term drought experiment site in a tropical rainforest in NE Amazonia, Brazil. The experiment was designed to exclude 50% of the incoming rainfall to the soil and was conducted over a 1ha area, alongside the experiment there is a control (non- drought plot) of a corresponding size. The samples were collected in 2017, fifteen years after the start of the experiment on trees with a diameter at breast height (1.3m) of 1-10cm. The purpose of the dataset was to assess if traits relating to plant metabolism (photosynthesis and respiration) and plant hydraulic processes had been significantly altered in trees growing under drought conditions.12 years ago
- The dataset includes 30-minute observations of land-atmosphere exchange of net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange and sensible and latent heat measured over two years in a cropland in Yorkshire, UK. Fluxes were measured using the eddy covariance method.02 years ago
- This data set consists of measurements of areas of landscape features and associated attributes from sites across Wales, collected between 2013 and 2016. Data are presented as areas of Broad (or Priority) Habitats, with associated landscape attributes (such as plant species and land use), within a set of 300 x 1km squares across Wales, collected as part of the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP). The monitoring programme was set up by the Welsh Government in 2013 to monitor the effects of the Glastir agri-environment scheme on the environment and ran from 2013 to 2016. The field survey element was based on a stratified random sampling design of 300 x 1km square sites across Wales, and was managed by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- This dataset includes manual measurements in centimetres from the surface of the soil of water table depth at the Climoor fieldsite in the Clocaenog Forest, north-east Wales. Water table depth was collected via water permeable tubes installed through the soil profile down to bedrock. Measurements were taken, usually every two weeks, using a tape measure and head torch to assist in seeing the water level in the tube. Data was collected by CEH staff and PhD students trained in the use of the methods. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20-30 years. Data are available from May 2009 to March 2015.12 years ago
- This dataset contains details of the seasonal abundance of each of the life stages of the mosquito species, Culex pipiens, at a field site located at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology in Wallingford. Immature life stages (eggs, larvae and pupae) were monitored three times per week from March until October 2015, whilst adult counts were taken four times per week from April until October in the same year. Immature Cx. pipiens were monitored using 450 litre circular water butts, sampled using a standard dipping procedure. Adults were monitored using light traps. The adult data also includes counts for mosquito species Culiseta annulata and Aedes geniculatus.12 years ago
- Greenhouse gas concentrations and physio-chemical water properties for the Clyde estuary in Scotland to support understanding of the GHG sources and sinks and their associated mechanisms in a highly stratified, temperate urban estuary. These measurements look at the changes in GHG from a single point in the middle of the estuary (Breahead pontoon) through a tidal cycle at both the surface and bed so the impact of tidal river flow and stratification can be understood.12 years ago
- Collated indices are a relative measure of butterfly abundance across monitored sites in the UK, calculated from data collected by the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Collated indices are calculated annually for each individual butterfly species that has been recorded on five or more sites in that year. Based on this criterion collated indices have been calculated for the entire UKBMS time series from 1976 to the current year for the majority of species. For some rarer species the time series starts in a later year due to lack of data. Collated indices are calculated using a statistical model that accounts for missing data. The number of sites for each species ranges from 5 to several hundred and varies from year to year. Since 2008 more than 1,000 sites have been monitored across the UK each year. Collated indices are calculated so that we can determine how butterfly populations are changing over time across the UK. This data can be used, for example, to determine where to target conservation efforts and to measure the condition of the UK countryside. Butterflies are recognised as important indicators of biodiversity and environmental change (e.g. as official UK Biodiversity Indicators), and have been used in numerous research studies to understand the impacts of changes in climate and the extent and condition of habitats. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This dataset is updated annually and a more recent version of the UKBMS collated indices is available.12 years ago
- The dataset contains annual global plant respiration (and related diagnostics, such as Net Primary Productivity, Gross Primary Productivity and soil respiration), applicable for pre-industrial times (taken as year 1860) through to the end of the 21st Century (year 2100). The spatial resolution of the data is 2.5 degrees latitude x 3.75 degrees longitude. These diagnostics are outputs from the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES land surface model) under four different approaches to calcluate leaf respiration. Each of four sets contains a total of 34 runs, each driven by a different CMIP5 model climate pattern, using the Integrated Model Of Global Effects of climatic aNomalies (IMOGEN) system. These are for a 'business-as-usual' approach to fossil fuel usage, as the Representative Concentration Pathway scenario RCP8.5. These simulations form the basis for new research paper by Huntingford et al (2017, under review).12 years ago
- The dataset consists of diameter at breast height (DBH) measurements taken from trees and shrubs recorded in plots in 103 woodland sites surveyed across Great Britain in 1971 and again over the growing seasons of 2000, 2002 and 2003 (referred to as '2001 survey'), using exactly the same field methods. Data were collected under projects managed by The Nature Conservancy (in 1971) and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (in 2001).12 years ago
- Vitamin D (25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)D3) concentrations of incrementally-sampled preserved human hair from non-mortuary contexts at the Yup’ik archaeological site of Nunalleq Alaska (~1650 AD). Multi-isotope isotope data (carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, oxygen and hydrogen) for the same samples are found in accompanying files.02 years ago
- This data resource consists of two files: (a) 1x1 km resolution Average Accumulated Exceedance (AAE) data summarising the exceedances of acidity critical loads for eight habitats; (b) 1x1 km resolution AAE data summarising the exceedances of nutrient nitrogen critical loads for thirteen habitats. The data provide information on the amount of excess acid or nitrogen deposition above the critical load values set to protect acid- and nitrogen-sensitive habitats in the UK. The AAE has been calculated using UK 5x5 km Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) data for 2015-17 (see related data). The data were generated under Defra-funded work to assess the potential areas of acid and nitrogen sensitive habitats at risk of adverse impacts from excess atmospheric acid and nitrogen deposition. Reducing the area and amount of critical load exceedance continues to be a driver of Government policy on reducing emissions of acidic and nitrogen-containing air pollutants (sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ammonia).12 years ago
- The dataset details global positioning system (GPS) locations recorded for survey quadrats at six UK saltmarsh sites. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England, each of these sites consisted of a salt marsh area and adjacent mudflat area. Each site comprised 22 quadrats on the unvegetated mudflat and 22 quadrats on the salt marsh. The locations indicated by this dataset correspond to the south-east corner of the quadrats which were 1m square and oriented with their sides aligned North-South and East-West. We combined spatial data relating to the environs of the study sites from a number of sources (Ordnance Survey Digital Terrain Models, Ordnance Survey Boundary Line, Environment Agency Saltmarsh Extents, Natural England Priority Habitat Inventory). These were rasterised and quadrat values were extracted on a pointwise basis for elevation and proximity (distance to creek, habitat edge and high water mark). Tidal height was calculated with reference to the relevant Tidal Gauge and Admiralty Standard Port information. This data was derived as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset is the 2012 revised Corine Land Cover (CLC) map, consisting of 44 classes in the hierarchical three level Corine nomenclature, produced during the CLC2018 production to improve the CLC2012 inventory. CLC 2018, CLC change 2012-2018 and CLC 2012 revised are three of the datasets produced within the frame of the Copernicus programme on land monitoring. Corine Land Cover (CLC) provides consistent information on land cover and land cover changes across Europe; these two maps are the UK component of Europe. This inventory was initiated in 1985 (reference year 1990) and established a time series of land cover information with updates in 2000, 2006 and 2012 being the last iteration. CLC products are based on photointerpretation of satellite images by national teams of participating countries – the EEA member and cooperating countries – following a standard methodology and nomenclature with the following base parameters: 44 classes in the hierarchical three level Corine nomenclature; minimum mapping unit (MMU) of status layers is 25 hectares; minimum width of linear elements is 100 metres; minimum mapping unit (MMU) for Land Cover Changes (LCC) for the change layers is 5 hectares. The resulting national land cover inventories are further integrated into a seamless land cover map of Europe. Land cover and land use (LCLU) information is important not only for land change research, but also more broadly for the monitoring of environmental change, policy support, the creation of environmental indicators and reporting. CLC datasets provide important datasets supporting the implementation of key priority areas of the Environment Action Programmes of the European Union as protecting ecosystems, halting the loss of biological diversity, tracking the impacts of climate change, assessing developments in agriculture and implementing the EU Water Framework Directive, among others. More information about the Corine Land Cover (CLC) and Copernicus land monitoring data in general can be found at http://land.copernicus.eu/.12 years ago
- Data comprise concentrations of organochlorine insecticides and mercury in sparrowhawk, kestrel and heron livers taken during post mortem from deceased birds of prey sent into the Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme (PBMS) by the public. The data are presented as micrograms of contaminant per gram of liver tissue (wet weight). The PBMS is a long-term, national monitoring scheme that quantifies the concentrations of contaminants in the livers and eggs of selected species of predatory and fish-eating birds in Britain. Levels of contaminants are monitored to determine variations between species and regions, changes over time and effects on individual birds and their populations. The Scheme is currently funded by CEH, Natural England, the Environment Agency (EA) and the Campaign for Responsible Rodenticide Use (CRRU).02 years ago
- The Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dataset details surface reflectance measured as NDVI. NDVI provides a proxy for the amount and/or the relative 'greenness' of vegetation. Data collection was carried out at six intertidal sites in the winter and summer of 2013. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England, each of these sites consisted of a saltmarsh area and adjacent mudflat area, twenty two sampling quadrats were placed on each area. A single NDVI observation was taken at each quadrat. Spectral reflectance was measured using a portable spectrometer. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of hourly lake temperature, air temperature, solar irradiance and wind speed data from an automatic water monitoring buoy on Esthwaite Water, a lake in the North West of England. The lake temperatures are measured in various depths of the lake (see supporting documentation). Measurements were taken every 4 minutes and calculated as hourly averages. The data were collected by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology between 2008 and 2011 inclusive. This dataset has been used in various publications, please see supporting documentation for more detail.12 years ago
- This dataset contains hourly automated weather station (AWS) data from the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, NE Wales. It runs from 10/6/2008 until 31/12/2013, and contains air temperature, rainfall, net radiation, solar radiation, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), wind speed and direction. The dataset has been quality checked, and incorrect or missing values removed, data has not been infilled.02 years ago
- Site indices, as a relative measure of the actual population size, for UK butterfly species calculated from data from the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Site indices are a relative rather than an absolute measure of the size of a population, and have been shown to relate closely to other, more intensive, measures of population size such as mark, release, recapture (MRR) methods. The site index can be thought of as a relative measure of the actual population size, being a more or less constant proportion of the number of butterflies present. The proportion seen is likely to vary according to species; some butterfly species are more conspicuous and thus more easily detected, whereas others are much less easy to see. Site indices are only calculated at sites with sufficient monitoring visits throughout the season, or for targeted reduced effort surveys (timed observations, larval web counts and egg counts) where counts are generally obtained as close to the peak of the flight period as possible and are subsequently adjusted for the time of year and size of the site (area of suitable habitat type for a given species). Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) sites are thus excluded because they are based on very few visits from which accurate indices of abundance cannot currently be calculated. For transect sites a statistical model (a General Additive Model, 'GAM') is used to impute missing values and to calculate a site index. Each year most transect sites (over 90%) produce an index for at least one species and in recent years site indices are calculated for almost 1,500 sites across the UK. Site indices are subsequently collated to contribute to the overall 'Collated Index' for each species, which are relative measures of the abundance of each species across a geographical area, for example, across the whole UK or at country level in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. Individual site indices are important in informing conservation management as not all sites show the same patterns for each species and likely reflect a combination of local climate and habitat management at the site. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme.12 years ago
- The dataset comprises net primary productivity (NPP) measured as kilogrammes of dry above-ground vegetation per square metre per year. Sampling was conducted at six salt marsh sites at four spatial scales: 1 metre (m) (the minimal sampling unit) nested within a hierarchy of increasing scales of 1-10 m, 10-100 m and 100-1000 m. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England. NPP measurements were based on vegetation re-growth after cutting in winter 2013 and harvesting in summer 2013. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS). The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- Data comprise elemental and radionuclide concentrations in freeze-dried Mediterranean plants, seeds and oven dried soil. The samples were collected in June 2014 along a transect located in the Monfragüe National Park which is within the province of Cáceres, western Spain (start: N 33° 49' 47.2'', W 006° 01' 55.4'', end: N 390 49'46.8'', W 0060 02' 05.1'' (geocentric World Geodetic System 1984 (GPS WG 884)). Thirty plant species (Agrostis pourretii; Campanula rapunculus; Taraxacum sp.; Taraxacum officinale; Rumex scutatus; Hypericum perforatum; Schoenoplectus pungens; Erica umbellata; Phillyrea angustifolia; Myrtus communis; Cytisus sp.; Vitis vinifera subsp. Sylvestris; Crataegus monogyna; Daphne gnidium; Quercus ilex; Ruscus aculeatus; Olea europaea subsp. Europaea; Hordeum murinum; Pistacia terebinthus; Acer monspessulanum; Ficus carica; Cistus ladanifer; Eryngium campestre; Carlina vulgaris; Asparagus acutifolius; Viburnum tinus; Tamarix gallica; Jasminum fruticans; Rubia peregrine; Trifolium campestre) and three soil samples were collected and analysed by ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) or ICPOES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy) to determine their elemental concentrations. Seeds from six of the plant species were also collected and analysed. Plant samples of sufficient mass (n=16) and the three soil samples were also analysed for selected gamma emitting radionuclides (Be-7, Cs-137 and K-40). The work described here was conducted under both the COMET framework (Fission-2012-3.4.1-604794) (http://www.comet-radioecology.org/) and the TREE project (http://tree.ceh.ac.uk/) funded by the Natural Environment Research Council, Environment Agency and Radioactive Waste Management Ltd. It was also supported by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology which is part of the Natural Environment Research Council of the UK.12 years ago
- Meteorology data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. Variables measured include albedo (ground and sky), temperature (dry bulb, wet bulb and soil (at 10cm and 30cm)), relative humidity, radiation (net. and solar), rainfall, surface wetness, soil moisture, wind direction and wind speed). These data are collected by Automatic Weather Stations at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous hourly records from 1992 to 2012. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.02 years ago
- This dataset consists of a 1km resolution raster version of the Land Cover Map 2007 for Great Britain. The raster consists of 23 bands. Within each band, each 1km pixel represents a percentage cover value for one of 23 target classes, broadly representing Broad Habitats (see below). The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2007. LCM2007 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2007 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions.12 years ago
- This data set consists of records of point landscape features and associated attributes from sites across Wales, collected between 2013 and 2016. Data are presented as records of features such as trees, ponds and buildings with associated species and condition measures where applicable. Features were surveyed within a set of up to 300 x 1km squares across Wales (not all sites contained point features), collected as part of the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP). The monitoring programme was set up by the Welsh Government in 2013 to monitor the effects of the Glastir agri-environment scheme on the environment and ran from 2013 to 2016. The field survey element was based on a stratified random sampling design of 300 x 1km square sites across Wales, and was managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- This data set includes records of soil fauna sampled from the Sourhope experimental site in July and October 2002, and April, June and October 2003. These include collembola, spiders, slugs and beetles and a range of invertebrates captured by a variety of methods. Data were collected during a project funded under the NERC Soil Biodiversity Programme. The NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT8545019630). During the experiment, the site was monitored to assess changes in above-ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- Collated indices are a relative measure of butterfly abundance across sites monitored as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme. Data from all survey sites (standard UKBMS transects, Wider Countryside Survey transects and targeted species surveys such as timed, larval web and egg counts) are used in the calculation of these indices. The statistics are presented as log10 values. These values are centred round an arbitrary value of 2 as a mean for the time series in order to help show which years are below or above average. Collated indices are calculated annually for each individual butterfly species that has been recorded on five or more sites in that year. Indices are calculated at UK level and at individual country level for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland where sufficient data are available. Based on this criterion, collated indices have been calculated for the entire time series from 1976 (UK, England and Wales), 1979 (Scotland) and 2004 (Northern Ireland) to the current year for the majority of species, but for some rarer species this has not been possible in some years, particular those in the first part of the time series. Collated indices are calculated using a log-linear model incorporating individual site indices from all monitored sites across the UK or country for a given species in a given year. The number of sites for each species ranges from five to several hundred or more and fluctuates from year to year. By 2010 almost 2,000 sites were monitored in total across the UK, with this number rising to more than 3,000 over the next decade. Collated indices are calculated so that we can determine how butterfly populations are changing over time across the UK. This data can be used, for example, to determine where to target conservation efforts and more generally the condition of the UK countryside. Butterflies are recognised as important indicators of biodiversity and environmental change, for example in UK and country Biodiversity Indicators, and have been used in numerous studies of the impacts of climate and habitat change on biodiversity. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset contains pollinator abundance data from 13 calcareous grassland, 13 heathland and 12 woodland sites within Dorset, UK. The sites were selected to represent a range of habitat types across a condition gradient as measured by levels of degradation from the original habitat. The original habitats were identified as being calcareous grassland, heathland or woodland from a survey conducted in the 1930s. Butterflies, bees, hoverflies, flies and beetles were recorded to species level and the plant species insects were foraging on was also recorded. Data were collected on three different dates in 2017 and 2018: calcareous grassland in June, July and August; heathland transects in May, August and September; and woodland transects in May, June and July.12 years ago
- This is part of an ongoing long-term monitoring dataset of surface temperature, surface oxygen, water clarity, water chemistry and phytoplankton chlorophyll a from fortnightly sampling at Blelham Tarn in Cumbria, England that began in 1945 for some variables. The data have been collected by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH). The data available to download comprise surface temperature (TEMP) in degree Celsius, surface oxygen saturation (OXYG) in % air-saturation, Secchi depth (SECC) in metres, alkalinity (ALKA) in µg per litre as CaCO3 and pH. Ammonium (NH4N), nitrate (NO3N), soluble reactive phosphate (PO4P), total phosphorus (TOTP), dissolved reactive silicon expressed as SiO2 (SIO2) and phytoplankton chlorophyll a (TOCA) are all given in µg per litre. Water samples are based on a sample integrated from 0 to 5 m. All data are from January 2019 until the end of 2020.12 years ago
- Gridded data of water debt for year 2000. The water debt expresses the number of years required by the hydrological cycle to replenish the water source (soil moisture, surface water, ground water) that have been used to accomplish the annual production of nine major crops. The considered crops are: wheat, maize, rice, soybean, sugar cane, sugar beet, cotton, barley, sorghum.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the 1km raster, dominant aggregate class version of the Land Cover Map 1990 (LCM1990) for Great Britain. The 1km dominant coverage product is based on the 1km percentage product and reports the aggregated habitat class with the highest percentage cover for each 1km pixel. The 10 aggregate classes are groupings of 21 target classes, which are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. The aggregate classes group some of the more specialised classes into more general categories. For example, the five coastal classes in the target class are grouped into a single aggregate coastal class. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. LCM1990 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images (mainly from 1989 and 1990) into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is the first in a series of land cover maps for the UK, which also includes maps for 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019. LCM1990 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the UK CEH web site and the LCM1990 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of fecundity (number of eggs) data on Pike (Esox lucius) from net sampling in Windermere. Data collection began in 1963. The data were initially collected by the Freshwater Biological Association (FBA) but have been collected by CEH and its predecessor Institute of Freshwater Ecology (IFE) since 1989.12 years ago
- This dataset contains daily and sub-daily hydrometeorological and soil moisture observations from COSMOS-UK (cosmic-ray soil moisture) monitoring network from October 2013 to the end of 2022. These data are from 51 sites across the UK recording a range of hydrometeorological and soil variables. Each site in the network records the following hydrometeorological and soil data at 30-minute resolution: Radiation (short wave, long wave, and net), precipitation, atmospheric pressure, air temperature, wind speed and direction, humidity, soil heat flux, and soil temperature and volumetric water content (VWC), measured by point sensors at various depths. Each site hosts a cosmic-ray sensing probe; a novel sensor technology which counts fast neutrons in the surrounding atmosphere. In combination with the recorded hydrometeorological data, neutron counts are used to derive VWC over a field scale (COSMOS VWC), at two temporal resolutions (hourly and daily). The presence of snow leads to erroneously high measurements of COSMOS VWC due to all the extra water in the surrounding area. Included in the daily data are indications of snow days, on which, the COSMOS VWC are adjusted, and the snow water equivalent (SWE) is given. The potential evapotranspiration (PE), derived from recorded hydrometeorological and soil are also included at daily resolution. Two levels of quality control are carried out, firstly data is run through a series of automated checks, such as range tests and spike tests, and then all data is manually inspected each week where any other faults are picked up, including sensor faults or connection issues. Quality control flags are provided for all recorded (30 minute) data, indicating the reason for any missing data. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.02 years ago
- These data comprise collection records of Heliconius butterfly samples collected in the Chocó-Darien ecoregion between the Andes and the Pacific in Ecuador and Colombia, and the Pacific coast of the Darien region of Panama. Samples were collected over five sampling trips between 2014 and 2016. Data were collected for a study of clinal variation across this region in Heliconius erato and Heliconius melpomene, so focus on these two species. However, in most cases all observed Heliconius species were collected. The dataset includes photographs of the wings of most of the specimens, which were used for an analysis of colour and pattern variation. Many of these individuals also have genomic information available for them on the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) - the data includes ENA accession numbers. Data were collected as part of a NERC fellowship project (NE/K008498/1).12 years ago
- Data from an investigation of the effects of biochar application to soil on greenhouse gas emissions using soil from a bioenergy crop (Miscanthus X. giganteus). Data include physical (bulk density) and chemical analyses of the soil (total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), extractable ammonium and nitrate), and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O)) during incubations. Data were collected during two incubation experiments investigating the effects of temperature, soil moisture and soil aeration on biochar induced suppression of GHG emissions. Biochar is a carbon rich substances which is being advocated as a climate mitigation tool to increase carbon sequestration and reduce nitrous oxide emissions.12 years ago
- This data resource consists of two files: (a) 1x1 km resolution Average Accumulated Exceedance (AAE) data summarising the exceedances of acidity critical loads for eight habitats; (b) 1x1 km resolution AAE data summarising the exceedances of nutrient nitrogen critical loads for thirteen habitats. The data provide information on the amount of excess acid or nitrogen deposition above the critical load values set to protect acid- and nitrogen-sensitive habitats in the UK. The AAE has been calculated using UK 5x5 km Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) data for 2014-16 (see related data). The data were generated under Defra-funded work to assess the potential areas of acid and nitrogen sensitive habitats at risk of adverse impacts from excess atmospheric acid and nitrogen deposition. Reducing the area and amount of critical load exceedance continues to be a driver of Government policy on reducing emissions of acidic and nitrogen-containing air pollutants (sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ammonia).12 years ago
- The dataset consists of the transcripts of expert inputs considering how the conceptual thinking for both ‘smart’ and ‘natural or biophilic’ cities could combine to inform future urban discourses and critically reviewed a set of emerging characteristics that described the interface between these alternative discourses. These inputs include informed practice-based perspectives on themes identified in the literature and comparative assessments, testing the integrating principles identified in the research against business as usual silo approaches, which helped refine the research outcomes. Expert inputs were used to inform the identification of new ways of integrating urban futures discourses, in particular shaping the Smart City – Natural City interface, using Birmingham, UK as a case study. The files include the underlying data provided by a cohort of multi-disciplinary [anonymised] experts who contributed to the research; • the record of the group or table outputs from the Innovation Workshop of 12th September 2017 • copies of photographs of the collective ‘stickies’ contributions at the workshop • the original transcript record of the semi-structured interview conversations • records of Group telephone or meeting conversations • ‘work in progress’ collations of comments received; generated to share with contributors and with co-authors12 years ago
- Gridded potential evapotranspiration over Great Britain for the years 1961-2017 at 1 km resolution. This dataset contains two potential evapotranspiration variables: daily total potential evapotranspiration (PET; kg m-2) for a well-watered grass and daily total potential evapotranspiration with interception correction (PETI; kg m-2). The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable for each month of the data set. This data set supersedes the previous version as bugs in the calculation of the variables have been fixed (for all years), temporal coverage of both variables has been extended to include the years 2016-2017 and the netCDF metadata has been updated and improved.12 years ago
- This dataset provides linear trends, over varying time periods, for the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS) Collated Indices of individual butterfly species across the UK. The main statistical values derived from a linear regression (slope, standard error, P-value) are presented for the entire time series for each species (1976 to 2014), for the last 20 years, and for the last decade. In addition a trend class, based on slope direction and its significance, and a percentage change for that time period are provided to describe the statistical trends. These trend data are provided for 59 UK butterfly species. Trends across different time series allow us to determine the long and short-term trends for individual species. This enables us to focus conservation and research and also to assess species responses to conservation already in place. The Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of this trend datasets. The collection of the underlying UKBMS data is reliant on a large volunteer community. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC).02 years ago
- This dataset consists of soil moisture profiles from permafrost in subarctic Canada. Soil mositure profiles were monitored during summer in 2013 and 2014 in Yukon and Northwest Territories. Monitored sites included peatland plateaus, unburnt and burnt black spruce forests, and additional sites.12 years ago
- The data consists of leaf nutrients from litterfall in a fertilised old-growth forest in the Central Amazon. Data was collected in a full factorial nutrient addition experiment (nitrogen, phosphorus, and cation treatments). The dataset includes realized nutrient concentration carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium in grams and manganese, zinc in miligrams. Also hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin as a percentage. The fieldwork was completed in August of 2017, 2018, and 2019. The study was funded by NERC, BDFFP (logistical support), and the Brazilian government (students scholarship).12 years ago
- This dataset contains model outputs of daily mean volumetric water content and topsoil temperature at 1 km resolution across the UK mainland for the years 1965-2018. The outputs are generated using neural network models trained on COSMOS-UK (cosmic-ray soil moisture) observational data. The data are presented in monthly NetCDF files on the British National Grid.12 years ago
- This dataset contains diatom species count data from rivers within the Hampshire Avon catchment, UK. Data were collected from five sediment cores at each site, collected in February, April, August and November during 2013. Data were collected as part of the project 'The role of lateral exchange in modulating the seaward flux of C, N, P', funded under NERC's Macronutrients Cycles research programme.12 years ago
- This dataset provides saturated hydraulic conductivity values which were obtained from samples of peat. The peat was collected adjacent to erosion gullies that were either open, or adjacent to dams on gullies which had been installed as part of peatland restoration. The sites studied were Kinder Scout and Withens Clough in the Peak District, northern England. Values of saturated hydraulic conductivity were obtained from replicate samples. At each sampling location values were obtained for 5 cm long peat samples across three depth ranges (0-10 cm, 35-45 cm, 75-85 cm), and three distances from gully edges (0 cm, 100 cm, 500 cm). Comparisons were made between peat next to blocked gully dams and peat not adjacent to a gully dam and between the two peatland sites. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/R004595/1).12 years ago
- This dataset contains the results from a metabarcoding study of terrestrial leech blood meals to detect differences in the diets of two leech species, Haemadipsa picta and Haemadipsa sumatrana. Mammal taxa were identified using metabarcoding of 16s rRNA and comparisons of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) to a curated reference database from NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) GenBank. All leeches were collected from the Stability of Altered Forest Ecosystems project (SAFE; www.SAFEproject.net) as part of the NERC Human Modified tropical Forest Programme and the LOMBOK consortia (Land-use Options for Maintaining BiOdiversity & eKosystem functions). Leech samples were collected at different sites across a habitat gradient, to assess these invertebrates as molecular sampling tools for mammals. Individuals were pooled before amplicon sequencing with Illumina MiSeq 150-200bp x2. The resultant raw sequences were filtered and clustered at 97%, curated and then assigned to the reference database using BLAST and MEGAN programmes.12 years ago
- This is a 10m pixel data set representing the land surface of Great Britain, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. It is a two-band raster in GeoTiff format. The first band gives the most likely land cover type; the second band gives the per-parcel probability of the land cover. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2022 products are available from the LCM2022 product documentation accompanying this dataset.12 years ago
- Data set presents results from fish biometry field work within four lakes in Japan (Suzuuchi, Funazawa, Kashiramori, Abakuma). Data comprise sampling location, fish species, sex, length, weight (total fish, gonad and liver weight). Fish were sampled during May 2017; target species included crucian carp, common carp and smallmouth bass. For the health and reproductive status assessment, fish of similar weight and total length were collected. Gill nets (20 m length and 21 mm mesh size) were employed to ensure capture of homogeneous groups of mature fish. The work described here was conducted under the TREE project (http://tree.ceh.ac.uk/) funded by the Natural Environment Research Council, Environment Agency and Radioactive Waste Management Ltd.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a 1km resolution raster version of the Land Cover Map 2000 for Great Britain. The raster consists of 10 bands. Within each band, each 1km pixel represents a percentage cover value for one of 10 aggregate classes. The aggregate classes are aggregations of the target (or 'sub') classes, broadly representing Broad Habitats (see below). The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2000. LCM2000 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB). Like the earlier 1990 products, LCM2000 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2000 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2000 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. Note that the Band numberings in the dataset run from 1-11 rather than 0-10 and therefore each band relates to the one below it in the sub class code list.12 years ago
- The dataset contains light penetration through the water column at a Durleigh Reservoir in Somerset, England. HOBO Pendant Temperature/Light 8K Data Loggers (Onset) were positioned at 0.5 m, 1.5 m, and 2.5 m depths on a temperature chain Durleigh. The loggers were deployed between 30 May 2018 and 5 October 2018.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (length) data for linear features across Great Britain in 1990. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 508 1km squares surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project, then scaling up to a national level. The data are presented as mean lengths for 7 different feature categories within 45 different land class types, based on the ITE Land Classification. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to linear features, habitat areas, species plot, soil plot, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset contains a model of the extent and height class of woody linear features on field boundaries in England, including hedgerows, tree lines and semi-natural thickets of shrubs and trees. The model was derived from processing of the Environment Agency lidar product (National Lidar Programme), captured in 2016-2021, and the linework is consistent with the polygon boundaries used in the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) Land Cover Map (LCM). Due to expected low densities of woody linear features, and potential uncertainty, areas excluded from the coverage include LCM classes of mountain/moor/heath, open water and the coastal zone, urban/suburban areas and woodlands (i.e., areas of continuous non-linear woody cover). An area of approximately 24 x 25 km on the North Yorkshire Moors was also excluded from the model, as this area was not mapped by the EA lidar.12 years ago
- The dataset details surface sediment colloidal carbohydrate concentrations across six intertidal sites in the winter and summer of 2013. Colloidal carbohydrate concentrations in surface sediments (top 2mm) provide a quantitative measure of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by organisms that form the microphytobenthos (MPB) community. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England, each of these sites consisted of a saltmarsh area and adjacent mudflat area, twenty two sampling quadrats were placed on each area. Five replicate sediment samples were taken at each quadrat and were analysed using the Dubois Phenol-Sulphuric Assay which involves spectrophotometer analysis of absorptions to determine colloidal carbohydrate concentrations. Values for colloidal carbohydrate concentrations are expressed as glucose equivalents in micrograms per gram of sediment. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset for the UK, Jersey and Guernsey contains the Corine Land Cover (CLC) for 2012 (CLC2012). This dataset has been created from combining the 2012 land cover layers from the individual CLC files for the UK, Jersey and Guernsey. CLC is a dataset produced within the frame of the Initial Operations of the Copernicus programme (the European Earth monitoring programme previously known as GMES) on land monitoring. CLC provides consistent information on land cover and land cover changes across Europe. This inventory was initiated in 1985 (initial year 1990) and then established a time series of land cover information with updates in 2000 and 2006 the last one being the 2012 reference year. CLC products are based on the analysis of satellite images by national teams of participating countries - the EEA member and cooperating countries - following a standard methodology and nomenclature with the following base parameters: - 44 classes in the hierarchical three level Corine nomenclature; - Minimum mapping unit (MMU) for status layers is 25 hectares; - Minimum width of linear elements is 100 metres; The resulting national land cover inventories are further integrated into a seamless land cover map of Europe. Land cover and land use (LCLU) information is important not only for land change research, but also more broadly for the monitoring of environmental change, policy support, the creation of environmental indicators and reporting. CLC datasets provide important datasets supporting the implementation of key priority areas of the Environment Action Programmes of the European Union as protecting ecosystems, halting the loss of biological diversity, tracking the impacts of climate change, assessing developments in agriculture and implementing the EU Water Framework Directive, among others.12 years ago
- This dataset contains weather conditions, water quality, water chemistry and crustacean zooplankton counts sampled at Loch Leven throughout the year 2022. Loch Leven is a lowland lake in Scotland, United Kingdom. The data were collected as part of a long-term monitoring programme, which began in 1968 and is still underway. Sampling occurs roughly every 2 weeks with laboratory analysis and data processing being performed at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Edinburgh site. The sampling and processing was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Data comprise monthly ammonia air concentrations from UK CEH ALPHA® (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) samplers co-located with UKEAP DELTA sites from January 2022 to December 2022. The UK Eutrophying and Acidifying atmospheric Pollutants (UKEAP) network measures air pollutants at rural sites across the UK. Originally the purpose of these measurements was for a calibrated ALPHA® uptake rate for the UK CEH Edinburgh research laboratory. Samplers are exposed in monthly cycles at the beginning of each month.12 years ago
- The dataset contains measurements of fluorescein, dopachrome and nitrous oxide production from incubation experiments of streambed sediments. The sediments were collected in five pseudo-replicates from 0 to 10cm depth using a 5cm-diameter AMS slide hammer and trowel at two locations within the Wood Brook, Staffordshire, in June 2015. Samples were collected from two reaches within the stream, a mid-stream sandy reach and a downstream gravel reach. The sediment was used in laboratory incubation experiments to determine rates of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis (total microbial activity), extracellular phenol oxidase activity (recalcitrant carbon uptake) and potential denitrification from sand versus gravel sediments. Also included is the organic matter content of the sediments. The work was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council.12 years ago
- The data consist of stable water isotope composition in the rivers , lakes, soils and flooded areas in the Western Siberia Lowlands (WSL). Sampling area encompassed a 1700 km south-north transect spanning from approx. 56°N to 68°N in latitude and 74°E to 84°E in longitude. Samples were collected during multiple field campaigns between February 2014 and November 2016. The dataset in produced as a part of the JPI/NERC funded SIWA project 'Climate impact on the carbon emission and export from Siberian inland waters'. The dataset has resulted in two publications submitted to peer-review: (i) Ala-aho et al. (2018). Using stable isotopes to assess surface water source dynamics and hydrological connectivity in a high-latitude wetland and permafrost influenced landscape. Journal of Hydrology, 556, 279-293. (ii) Ala-aho et al. (2018). Permafrost and lakes control river isotope composition across a boreal Arctic transect in the Western Siberian lowlands. Environmental Research Letters, 13(3), 34028.12 years ago
- Field-pathological findings of 33 saiga antelope carcasses (adults and new-born) found in two sites (Tengiz and Turgai, Kazakhstan) during a mass die-off event in May 2015. In Kazakhstan May 2015, approximately 200,000 saiga antelopes died within a month-period causing a loss of two-thirds of the global population. The dramatic event occurred during calving season when females and young males stop migrating and form massive aggregations for calving purposes. With 100% morbidity and 100% mortality of affected herds observed, the 2015 die-off left the largest saiga population, Betpak-Dala, with approximately 30,000 survivors based on post mortality census, highlighting the imminent extinction threats to this critically endangered species. The lack of pathological investigations during historical mass mortality events has limited our understanding of disease-related mortalities in saiga antelope. Generally, aetiological agents were isolated from dead saiga, but the disease course and a full necropsy were not performed nor present in the records. However, for the first time, a full pathology report was possible during 2015.12 years ago
- The data consists of nitrogen (N) offtake, N emissions and soil N parameters, and herbage quality parameters from a three-cut silage plot trial located at two grassland sites within the UK collected between April and October 2016. The sites were Rothamsted Research at North Wyke in Devon and Bangor University at Henfaes Research Station in North Wales. At each site measurements were taken from 16 plots, organised within a randomised complete block design. Fertiliser was applied three times and three cuts were performed, all parameters measured were following a fertiliser application. Nitrogen parameters measured were crude protein (CP) of herbage, ammonia (NH3) emissions, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, and soil ammonium (NH4) and nitrate (NO3). Herbage quality parameters measured were dry matter, acid-digestible fibre (ADF), ash, CP, metabolizable energy (ME), and non-digestible fibre (NDF) and digestibility (D) was calculated. Nitrogen offtake, losses and fluxes were measured to determine the N use efficiency and the economic viability of different N fertilisers. Measurements were undertaken by members of staff from Bangor University, School of Environment, Natural Resources & Geography and Rothamsted Research, Sustainable Agricultural Sciences – North Wyke. Data was collected for the Newton Fund project 'UK-China Virtual Joint Centre for Improved Nitrogen Agronomy'. Funded by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and NERC - Ref BB/N013468/112 years ago
- This dataset consists in a collection of remotely sensed drought indicators time series. The data was extracted from CEH's gridded remotely sensed drought indicators product (Tanguy et al., 2016; http://doi.org/10.5285/4e0d0e50-2f9c-4647-864d-5c3b30bb5f4b), which has gridded data for Europe for three drought indicators: - the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) based on satellite product NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index); - the Temperature Condition Index (TCI) based on remotely sensed LST (Land Surface Temperature); - the Vegetation Health Index (VHI) which is a combination of VCI and TCI. These three drought indicators have been extracted for European NUTS regions (level 0, 1, 2 and 3). These have been masked with a land use land cover map to be able to study different responses for various land cover types. A simplified LULC was created, with only four classes: forest, crop, shrub and grass. One extra time series was created for all classes together.12 years ago
- This dataset reports metrics of plant growth, including height, total biomass and the biomass of component plant parts, and percentage root colonisation by mycorrhizas, for tree seedlings of eight tropical and seven subtropical growing in pots of soil that had been amended by addition of various sources of phosphorus (inorganic phosphate, adenosine monophosphate, phytic, or a mixture of all three) plus an unfertilized control treatment with no P additions. The aim of the experiment was to test the hypothesis that seedlings of species that associate with different types of root-inhabiting mycorrhizal fungi would respond differently to the range of P sources applied in the experiment. The experiments were conducted as part of a NERC Discovery Science project with the title Explaining niche separation in tropical forests: feedbacks from root-fungal symbioses and soil phosphorus partitioning led by Professor David Burslem (University of Aberdeen) reference NE/M004848/1.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the vector version of the Land Cover Map 1990 (LCM1990) for Northern Ireland. The vector data set is the core LCM data set from which the full range of other LCM1990 products is derived. It provides a number of attributes including land cover at the target class level (given as an integer value and also as text), the number of pixels within the polygon classified as each land cover type and a probability value provided by the classification algorithm (for full details see the LCM1990 Dataset Documentation). The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. LCM1990 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images (mainly from 1989 and 1990) into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is the first in a series of land cover maps for the UK, which also includes maps for 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019. LCM1990 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the UK CEH web site and the LCM1990 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The dataset contains occupancy estimates for 1,535 species of six invertebrate taxa (Apoidea - bees, Syrphidae - hoverflies, Coccinellidae - ladybirds, Arachnida - spiders, Carabidae - carabids and Heteroptera - plant bugs) in regions of high, low and no cropland cover in Great Britain between 1990 and 2019. Occupancy is the proportion of 1km grid cells occupied by a species, as estimated by an occupancy-detection model. The dataset includes 999 samples from the model’s posterior distribution per species:year combination and for each of three regions of high, low and no cropland cover.12 years ago
- This dataset provides the details of all sites on which butterflies have been monitored as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). This includes all standard UKBMS transect sites, Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) sites and targeted species survey sites (timed counts, single-species transects, larval web and egg counts). Data includes the location within the UK, the length and number of sections for the butterfly transect on each site and the number of years each transect has been monitored. The location of some sites are sensitive and are excluded from this dataset. Users requiring access to the complete dataset, including sensitive site location data, can submit a request via the UKBMS website. The UKBMS started in 1976 with fewer than 50 sites. Since then the number of sites monitored each year has increased to several thousand. There are new sites each year and a small number where the transect is no longer surveyed. Details of this are provided in the site dataset in the form of the first and last year in which each site was surveyed. The majority of site data is provided by recorders at the time a transect is created. Site data are crucial in order to determine where extra recording effort is required and to investigate where butterfly populations are changing most and thus where conservation should be targeted, including across different habitat types. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset includes time-series of pre-dawn and mid-day leaf water potentials for 10 tree species. The time-series covers one year with leaf water potentials measured every three months. These data when combined with hydraulic conductance vulnerability curves (also measured during this project) are an indicator of a tree's safe operating space under dry and high vapour pressure deficit conditions. The overall purpose of the measurements made by this project is to determine eco-physiological limits of functioning of tropical trees in Western Ghats India and to relate them to continuously measured temperature and water status of tropical forest trees at a representative forest site (Sirsi).12 years ago
- This dataset contains modelled outputs of the European river network modelled as 33,668 cells (5° longitude by 5° latitude). For each cell, modelled monthly flows were generated for an ensemble of tenscenarios for the 2050s and for the study baseline (naturalized flows for 1961 to 1990). Score classes are categorisation of flow alteration scenarios.12 years ago
- This dataset includes the dates and/or duration of all the environmental and phenological events that could be derived from a series of photographs taken by a fixed-point repeat camera system at the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) site in the Cairngorms National Park, Scotland. The data covers the timing of permanent winter snow fall and subsequent spring melt on northern and eastern facing hill slopes between 2002 and 2019, as well as invertebrate (spittlebug spittlemass) and plant (heather flowering, scots pine leaf flushing) phenological events between 2010 and 2019. Three photographs were taken on a daily basis to maximise the chances of cloud free images, with the clearest image used for analysis. Event detection was generally achieved using manual assessment, but heather flowering showed a high degree of subjectivity, and so an automated pixel colour counting method was used to determine the peak flowering season. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The leaf phenology product presented here shows the amplitude of annual cycles observed in MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) 16-day time-series of 2000 to 2013 for Meso- and South America. The values given represent a conservative measure of the amplitude after the annual cycle was identified and tested for significance by means of the Lomb-Scargle Transform. The amplitude was derived for four sets of vegtation indices (VI) time-series based on the MODIS VI products (500m MOD13A1; 1000m MOD13A2). The amplitude value can be interpreted as the degree in which the life cycles of individual leaves of plants observed within a pixel are synchronised. In other words, given the local variation in environment and climate and the diversity of species leaf life cycle strategies, an image pixel will represent vegetation communities behaving between two extremes: * well synchronized, where the leaf bud burst and senescence of the individual plants within the pixel occurs near simultaneously, yielding a high amplitude value. Often this matches with an area of low species diversity (e.g. arable land) or with areas where the growth of all plants is controlled by the same driver (e.g. precipitation). * poorly synchronized, where the leaf bud burst and senescence of individual plants within a pixel occurs at different times of the year, yielding a low amplitude value. Often this matches with an area of high species diversity and/or where several drivers could be controlling growth.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements at three sites on Fenn’s, Whixall, Bettisfield, Wem and Cadney Mosses SSSI on the border of Wrexham County Borough (North Wales) and Shropshire (West Midlands). The ammonia measurements are taken from a set of ALPHA (R) (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) samplers from July to December in the year 2018. The sites were established in order to monitor ammonia during implementation of Site Nitrogen Action Plan (SNAP), as part of the Marches Mosses BogLIFE project. This project aims to restore Britain's third largest lowland raised bog within the Fenn’s, Whixall & Bettisfield Mosses and Wem Moss National Nature Reserves near Whitchurch, Shropshire and Wrexham in Wales.12 years ago
- Meteorology data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. Variables measured include albedo (ground and sky), temperature (dry bulb, wet bulb and soil (at 10cm and 30cm)), relative humidity, radiation (net. and solar), rainfall, surface wetness, soil moisture, wind direction and wind speed. These data are collected by Automatic Weather Stations at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous hourly records from 1991 to 2015. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- These data comprise arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi diversity data from Sourhope field experiment site. AM fungi are biotrophic symbionts colonizing the majority of land plants, and are of major importance in plant nutrient supply. Using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) strategy, the diversity of AM fungi was assessed in 89 roots of three grass species (Agrostis capillaris, Festuca rubra, Poa pratensis) that co-occurred in the same plots of the Sourhope field experiment. The impact of different soil amendments (nitrogen, lime, nitrogen and lime) and insecticide application on AM fungal community was also recorded. Data were collected during a project funded under the NERC Soil Biodiversity Programme, established in 1999 and centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT 8545 1963). During the experiment, the site was monitored to assess changes in above-ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of soil dates determined using radiocarbon in profiles from permafrost in subarctic Canada. Depth-specific soil core samples were dated using radiocarbon. Soil cores were sampled during early summer in 2013 and 2014. Each year soil cores were sampled from a peatland plateau, thawing features of the peatland plateau, unburnt and burnt black spruce forests, and additional sites in Yukon and Northwest Territories.12 years ago
- Data from a field-based investigation into the spatio-temporal variability of abiotic and biotic controls on peatland carbon cycling. Data was collected between February 2011 and April 2013, across an area of blanket bog peatland at Black Law Wind Farm, Lanarkshire, Scotland. Plant-soil properties data includes total carbon content, total nitrogen content and carbon to nitrogen ratio of vegetation, litter and peat, carbon and nitrogen stock for litter and peat, bulk density, soil moisture content, pH and soil microbial community composition of peat (Phospholipid Fatty Acids). Peatland carbon cycling data includes measures of litter decomposition, dissolved organic carbon concentration, methane fluxes, net ecosystem exchange, photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration. Physical parameters measured includes below ground temperature from April 2011 to June 2012 and soil moisture content from May 2011 to April 2013.12 years ago
- Data comprise location (zone of interest, village name, site code, longitude, latitude, altitude and slope), local tree species name, tree code and tree diameter class of trees selected for direct measurements in the Ankeniheny Zahamena forest corridor, the remains of the evergreen forest of eastern Madagascar. Data were collected as part of a project funded by the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme under work package 4, P4GES project, grant references: NE/K008692/1, NE/K010115/1, and NE/K010220/1.12 years ago
- This dataset contains characterisation data, thermotolerance data, anti-fungal drug resistance data and virulence data of Candida isolates from different types of plastic pollution. Samples were collected from marine, estuarine and freshwater environments, and screened for pathogenic species of Candida. These Candida isolates were subsequently assessed for their thermotolerance, anti-fungal drug resistance, and their pathogenicity in a Galleria model of infection. Data were collected as part of grants NE/V005847/1, Sustainable Plastic Attitudes to benefit Communities and their Environments (SPACES), and NE/S005196/1, Microbial hitch-hikers of marine plastics: the survival, persistence & ecology of microbial communities in the 'Plastisphere'.02 years ago
- This dataset compares historic grassland survey data with contemporary spatial data of habitats in England. The National Vegetation Classification (NVC) community and grassland type were determined for 848 quadrats surveyed at grassland sites in England between 1960 and 1981. A 100m buffer was generated around each individual quadrat which matched the spatial accuracy (±100m) of the quadrat location, to represent a grassland site. These sites were intersected with Natural England's Priority Habitats Inventory in ArcGIS, to indicate the percentage cover of priority habitats found at the grassland sites in 2013. This dataset supersedes the previous version.12 years ago
- This dataset contains discharge and surface water chemistry for the six river reaches of contrasting geology (clay, sand, chalk) in the Hampshire Avon. Manual measurements of discharge by the velocity-area method enabled construction of a stage-discharge relationship for each site. Stream stage was measured using pressure transducers from Summer 2013 to Summer 2015. River water samples were collected at 48-hr intervals from Summer 2013 to Summer 2014 and samples were analysed for selected solutes and suspended sediment.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information about how seeds collected from Brazilian Cerrado plant species germinate in smoke water and control water solutions. Seeds were collected from site across the Cerrado between 2013 and 2020. Germination was assessed in laboratory experiments by placing seeds on wet filter paper with water and smoke water solutions. Two different methods were used. One used a commercially available smokewater, Regen 2000 and the other used smoke water produced from burning biomass collected in central Brazil. Germination was counted daily by observing emergence of radicle from the seed. The work was supported by NE/T004851/1 NERC-FAPESP Seedcorn Fund Collaboration Project 'Fire-adapted seed traits in Cerrado species' between RHUL (UK) and UNESP (Brazil).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of butterfly and bumblebee counts, winter bird counts, number of flowering units, and seed mass data, along with categories of soil type and quality, and temperature data. Data were collected from arable farms under the English Entry Level agri-environment Scheme (ELS) for two options: Nectar Flower Mixture option (NFM) and Wild Bird Seed Mixture (WBM). Surveys were carried out in 2007 and repeated in 2008. All data were collected using standardised protocols: butterfly and bumblebee counts were collected from transects in the NFM options during summer; flowering units were counted within quadrats along the same transects in summer; bird counts were made in winter within the whole WBM areas; seed resource was calculated for the WBM areas from seeds collected in quadrats along transects. The dataset also contains results from farmer interviews. The interviews were designed to explore farmer attitudes towards, and history of, environmental management and their perceptions and understanding of the management requirements. Three measures of farmer attitude were then calculcated from their responses: experience (4-point scale), concerns (5-point scale) and motivation (3-point scale). All data were collected as part of the FarmCAT project, the principal aim of which was to develop a holistic understanding of the social and ecological factors which lead to the successful delivery of agri-environmental schemes. This project was funded as part of the ESRC Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme.12 years ago
- Data comprise causal diagrams which show links between aspects that influence the well-being of rural inhabitants (e.g. good quality of food, good family relationships, education, etc) with ecosystem services (e.g. food from trees, wood sticks for construction, firewood, wood for charcoal production, etc.) and their causes (e.g. change in land use) in rural Mozambique. Information was gathered at 20 workshops held in Maputo, Xai Xai, Lichinga, Quelimane, and at village level in the districts of Mabalane, Marrupa and Gurue in 2014 and 2015. The objective of the workshops was to examine aspects that influence well-being and their causes in the miombo woodland area of rural Mozambique. One of the objectives of the project was to construct Bayesian belief networks (BBNs) to model future land use change scenarios in rural Mozambique using a participatory approach, to evaluate the consequences of deforestation in the well-being of the rural population. The data were collected as part of the Abrupt Changes in Ecosystem Services and Wellbeing in Mozambican Woodlands (ACES) project and were funded by the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme, funded by NERC, the Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) and the Department for International Development (DfID), the three are government organizations from UK. The project was led by the University of Edinburgh, with the collaboration of the Universidad Mondlane, the IIED, and other organizations.12 years ago
- This dataset contains time series observations of surface-atmosphere exchanges of net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE), sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE), and momentum (τ) for a managed lowland deep peat soil in the East Anglian Fens, England, UK. The site is managed for the production of horticultural salad crops. Measurements were made between the 22nd June 2012 and 1st January 2020 during which lettuce, leek, celery, sugar beet and potatoes crops were grown on the field. Turbulent flux densities were monitored using the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) technique. The dataset includes ancillary weather and soil physics observations, as well as variables describing atmospheric turbulence and the quality of the turbulent flux observations.12 years ago
- Ecosystem functions (including aboveground carbon, topsoil carbon, topsoil nitrogen, decomposition rates, soil invertebrate feeding, tree regeneration & vegetation structure) in woodland creation sites and unforested and mature forest areas in the Scottish Highlands.12 years ago
- 1km and 5km gridded Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) data for Great Britain, which is a drought index based on the probability of precipitation for a given accumulation period as defined by McKee et al. (1993). SPI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the gamma distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1961 to 2012.12 years ago
- The semiochemical experiment data were collected from novel laboratory, semi-field- and field-scale bioassay experiments taking behavioural observations and counts of pest insects and their natural enemies in the field. Crop yields were taken. Chemical analyses were also done using air entrainment. The study is part of the NERC Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. Despite the widespread concerns regarding the use of pesticides in food production and the availability of potentially viable biological pest control strategies in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) systems, the UK cereal crop production remains a bastion of pesticide use. This project aimed to understand further the reasons for this lack of adoption, using the control of summer cereal aphids as a case study. Reasons for this lack of adoption of biocontrol remain a complex interplay of both technical and economic problems. Economists highlight the potential path dependency of an industry to continue to employ a suboptimal technology, caused by past dynamics of adoption resulting in differential private cost structures of each technique. Further, risk aversion on the part of farmers regarding the perceived efficacy of a new technology may also limit up-take. This may be particularly important when IPM rests on portfolios of technologies and when little scientific understanding exists on the effect of portfolio and scale of adoption on overall efficacy. Faced with this, farmers will not adopt a socially superior IPM technology and there exists a clear need for public policy action. This action may take the form of minimising uncertainty through carefully designed research programs, government funding and dissemination of the results of large-scale research studies or direct public support for farm landscape and farm system changes that can promote biocontrol. This research looked at alternatives to the use of insecticides in arable agriculture and the difficulties facing producers in switching over to them. Two approaches were explored: habitat manipulations, to encourage predators and parasites, and using naturally occurring odours to manipulate predator distribution as model technologies. Scale and portfolio effects on biocontrol efficacy have been investigated in controlled and field scale experiments. Aim is to improve the way research and development of new products and techniques are carried out to help break the dependence on chemical pesticides. Conservation biological control experiments data investigating the effect of wild field margins on pests and predators, from this same research project, are also available. In addition, socio-economic research has been used to help direct natural science research into the development and evaluation of a combination of habitat management and semiochemical push-pull strategies of appropriate scale and complementarity to yield viable, commercially attractive and sustainable alternatives to the use of insecticides in cereal crop agriculture. These socio-economic data are available through the UK Data Archive under study number 6960 (see online resources). Further information and documentation for this study may be found through the RELU Knowledge Portal and the project's ESRC funding award web page (see online resources).12 years ago
- This dataset includes weekly data from monitoring of stream, rainfall and groundwater hydrochemistry in the Vyrnwy research catchment between 1994 and 2001. Data for over 50 chemical determinands are presented alongside data for some in-situ measurements such as water temperature. Full descriptions of the analytical methods used for each determinand is included. Intensive and long-term monitoring within the catchments underpins a wealth of hydrological and hydro-chemical research; other linked datasets include river flow, meteorology and a variety of detailed spatial datasets representing the topography, soils and rivers of the catchments. Monitoring is funded by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- The WATCH Forcing data is a twentieth century meteorological forcing dataset for land surface and hydrological models. It consists of three/six-hourly states of the weather for global half-degree land grid points. It was generated as part of the EU FP 6 project 'WATCH' (WATer and global CHange') which ran from 2007-2011. The data was generated in 2 tranches with slightly different methodology: 1901-1957 and 1958-2001, but generally the dataset can be considered as continuous. More details regarding the generation process can be found in the associated WATCH technical report and paper in J. Hydrometeorology. To understand how the data grid is formed it is necessary to read the attached WFD-land-long-lat-z files either in NetCDF or DAT formats. The data covers land points only and excludes the Antarctica. PSurf or surface pressure is the surface pressure (instantaneous) measured in Pa at 6 hourly resolution and 0.5 x 0.5 degrees spatial resolution.12 years ago
- This is the land parcel (polygon) dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2020 (LCM2020) representing Northern Ireland. It describes Northern Ireland's land cover in 2020 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. A range of land parcel attributes are provided. These include the dominant UKCEH Land Cover Class given as an integer value and a range of per-parcel pixel statistics to help assess classification confidence and accuracy; for a full explanation please refer to the dataset documentation accompanying this dataset. LCM2020 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2020. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2020. These are one of a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Great Britain (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps in 2000, 2007, 2015 and annually since 2017. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset provides the details of all sites which have been monitored as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Data includes the location within the UK, the length and width of the line transect on each site, and how long the transect has been monitored. The UKBMS started in 1976 with fewer than 50 sites (a small number of pilot sites started from 1973). The number of sites monitored each year has increased to over a thousand since 2008. There is turnover in sites monitored each year and details of the first and last year in which each site was surveyed are given. The majority of site data is provided by recorders at the time a transect is created. The majority of these recorders are volunteers. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset includes values of 15 traits (total dry mass; root length to shoot length ratio; leaf mass fraction; root mass fraction; shoot mass fraction; leaf thickness; leaf force to punch; leaf area to shoot area ratio; leaf concentrations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg; leaf N: P concentration ratio; specific maximum root length) measured in February 2020 on 394 seedlings of 15 woody plant species growing in logged in the Ulu Segama Forest Reserve or unlogged forest in the Danum Valley Conservation Area, Malaysia. The purpose of this data collection was to determine whether the expression of plant functional traits differed between tree seedlings recruited into logged and unlogged forests. This information is important for understanding the drivers of variation in seedling growth and survival in response to logging disturbance, and to uncover the mechanisms giving rise to differentiation in tree seedling composition in response to logging. These data were collected as part of NERC project “Seeing the fruit for the trees in Borneo: responding to an unpredictable community-level fruiting event” (NE/T006560/1).12 years ago
- This dataset provides Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) values of sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric deposition for 1x1 kilometres (km) grid squares of the UK averaged over the years 2018 to 2020. The data consist of deposition values for sulphur, oxidised nitrogen and reduced nitrogen, and base cations. Total deposition is the sum of four components calculated separately: wet deposition, dry deposition of gases, dry deposition of particulate matter and cloud droplet deposition. Habitat-specific data are provided for (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, and (ii) forest everywhere. Additionally, the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) is also calculated. The habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances. The work in generating and compiling the dataset has been funded by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and various Departments for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) contracts.02 years ago
- The data consists of plant structural plant community measurements from fifteen sites located in the Conwy catchment (North Wales) and from two sites in North West England. Annual aboveground net primary productivity (NPP), canopy height (cht), bryophyte cover (Bcov), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf mass area (LMA) and specific leaf area (SLA) were measured on the dominant plant species. Data were collected in 2013 and 2014. The sites were chosen to represent habitat types and the terrestrial productivity gradient in Britain from intensive agriculturally managed lowland grasslands through to montane heath. Plots within the sites were located using a stratified random sampling design. Plant trait values were taken from existing published databases or were directly measured in each plot for the two species contributing the highest percentage cover. NPP (grams of dry mass per square metre per year) was measured using a variety of methods according to the plant functional types present. SLA and LDMC was measured on site focussing on the dominant vascular plant species in each plot defined as the two species contributing maximum standing biomass in the year of sampling. Leaf area was calculated based on scanned photographs analysed using Image J software v1.46r. Plant parameters were tested across a land use intensification gradient to detect parameters that can predict aboveground biomass production across different land management types. Data were used to enhance the predictions of biomass production in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator model (JULES). Measurements informed the improvement of the nitrogen cycle component in the model. Measurements were undertaken by trained members of staff from Bangor University, the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and Exeter University. This data was collected for the NERC project - The Multi-Scale Response of Water quality, Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration to Coupled Macronutrient Cycling from Source to Sea (NE/J011991/1). The project is also referred to as Turf2Surf.12 years ago
- This dataset contains daily micro-meteorological data from the experimental plots at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, NE Wales. It runs from 15/7/1999 until 31/12/2013, and contains air temperature, soil temperature at 2 depths (5 and 20cm) as well as soil moisture. The dataset has been quality checked, and incorrect or missing values removed, data has not been infilled.02 years ago
- This dataset holds realistic environmental concentrations of potential pathogens colonising microplastic beads (nurdles) collected from ten Scottish beaches. Observed measures include concentrations and the present genes of Klebsiella bacteria isolated from the nurdles, as well as the salinity, electrical conductivity, turbidity, and polymer composition of the nurdles. In addition, an infection experiment was conducted to measure the virulence of the Klebsiella bacteria. Galleria melonella larvae were infected with the isolated Klebsiella bacteria and the number of living larvae was recorded.12 years ago
- This dataset contains the Standardised Streamflow Index (SSI) data for 303 catchments across the United Kingdom from 1891 to 2015. The SSI is a drought index based on the cumulative probability of a given monthly mean streamflow occurring for a given catchment. Here, the SSI is calculated for the following accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. Each accumulation period is calculated for calendar end-months. The standard period used to fit the Tweedie distribution is 1961-2010. The SSI was produced by the RCUK-funded Historic Droughts project in order to characterise and explore hydrological drought severity over the period 1891-2015. This dataset is an outcome of the Historic Droughts Project (grant number: NE/L01016X/1).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a 1km resolution raster version of the Land Cover Map 2000 for Northern Ireland. Each 1km pixel represents the dominant aggregate class across the 1km area. The aggregate classes are aggregations of the target classes, broadly representing Broad Habitats (see below). The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2000. LCM2000 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. LCM2000 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2000 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2000 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions.12 years ago
- The data contains urination metrics including frequency, volume, chemical composition, estimated urine patch N loading rates and metabolomics profile of individual urine events from sheep (Welsh Mountain ewe) grazing a semi-improved upland pasture and a lowland improved pasture located in North Wales, UK. Urine collection studies were run in the spring, summer and autumn of 2016 for the semi-improved site and in autumn of 2016 on the lowland improved pasture. Sheep were housed in urine collection pens and while in the pens, each individual urine event was collected and stored separately. The study was conducted as a wider part of the NERC funded Uplands-N2O project (Grant No: NE/M015351/1). The frequency, volume and chemical composition of individual urine events has implications for nitrogen losses from the grazed pasture ecosystem, including emissions of the powerful greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide, and nitrate leaching.12 years ago
- Measurements of sediment properties (incl. organic and carbonate content), radionuclides (210Pb, 137Cs, 241Am) and elements (including mercury, nickel, copper, zinc, and lead) in lake sediment successions. Radionuclide dating provides a reliable chronology of sediment ages from the mid-19th century (sometimes only 20th century) to the present (2016). The dataset comprises a standardised matrix of multiple measured sediment variables (element values per mass) against stratigraphic depth for 8 lakes. In these water bodies multiple core datasets exist, one collected from the littoral zone, one of intermediate depth and one from the deepest area. The deepest core was used for 210Pb dating. The intermediate and littoral depth cores are not dated, except at Esthwaite where the littoral core (29328_ESTH_LITT.csv) had been previously collected, 210Pb dated and measured for organic and carbonate content.12 years ago
- The results of an analysis of the connectivity of sixteen priority habitat networks in England using the Condatis methodology. The dataset includes conductance scores for each of the priority habitat networks (an overall assessment of how connected the habitat network is), the flow scores for each contiguous habitat patch within each of the habitat networks (the importance of that patch to connectivity), as well as details of protection. Additionally, the dataset includes data and scripts needed to run a demonstration Condatis analysis, and produced the figures used in Travers et al., 2021 (in prep.). Dispersal distances of 2, 4 and 8 km were used as inputs into Condatis. The outputs of connectivity assessments using those dispersal figures were geometrically averaged to provide results summing up the connectedness of a habitat network over a range of dispersal abilities. To determine how much connectivity (flow), and which patches were protected in each habitat network they were overlaid with SSSI and NNR spatial data. If more than 50% of a patch’s area was covered by a protected area it was determined to be protected.12 years ago
- This resource is the raw data from a topographic survey of the Sourhope field experiment site, conducted by the Department of Environmental Science, University of Stirling in April and May 2000. The data are available to match to other data sets from the field site, or to analyse in more detail. The data were collected as part of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme, centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute)'s farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT8545019630). During this time, the site was monitored to assess changes in above ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- This dataset contain inventories of the impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) in Brazil, Chile, and Argentina. These include seven case studies: pines (Pinus contorta) in the Araucanía and Aysén Regions (Chile); (ii) pines (Pinus contorta) in the Northern Patagonia Region (Argentina); (iii) privet (Ligustrum lucidum) in the Yungas Forest (Argentina); (iv) invasive grasses (Urochloa brizantha and Urochloa decumbens) in the Cerrado (Brazil); (v) the American mink (Neovison vison) in Austral Patagonia (Argentina); (vi) the American mink in the Los Ríos Region (Chile); and, (vi) the yellow jacket wasps (Vespula germanica) in the Los Ríos Region (Chile). The impacts were elicited by experts (varying between two and four experts for each case study) following the procedures described in the supporting files. A total of 1,526 impacts were identified by the experts, and these impacts can be found in the 'Compiled-Impact.csv' file. This file contains information about the impact outcome, impact mechanism, EICAT impact category, level of confidence, the species or asset impacted, the direction of the impact, the extent of the study area, the name of the IAS, whether the IAS is a plant or an animal, and the country. After two rounds of scoring, the impacts listed in the “Compiled-Impact.csv” were further discussed during a facilitated workshop in San Carlos de Bariloche (Argentina; December 2019). The final, agreed impact scores can be found in the file 'Unique-Impact.csv'. This final dataset contains 209 impacts and information about the same variables described above for the 'Compiled-Impact.csv' file.12 years ago
- This data resource provides plot-level plant occurrence data for the first three years (2015-2017) of the National Plant Monitoring Scheme (covering the UK, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man). Data consist of individual observations of plants, and other habitat characteristics, at the metre-scale; observations are accompanied by percentage cover information recorded according to the Domin frequency-abundance scale commonly used in plant community ecology. Other information provided includes the plot type (size, shape, according to the NPMS classification), the volunteer-recorded NPMS habitat, the date of sampling, and information regarding the spatial location of the plot. Information contained within the metadata file should allow users to reconstruct the sampling history (including gaps) of any plot that has been sampled within the NPMS scheme between 2015 and 2017. Please be aware that this dataset is updated annually and that more recent versions exist.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises operational data for a point-of-use drinking water treatment system (POU DWTS) located on the University of the West of England’s Frenchay campus. This dataset covers 34 months (November 2019 to September 2022). The POU DWTS was continuously operational throughout this period with parameters presented in this dataset including oxidation reduction potential, free available chlorine, flow rate, discharge pressure, filtration flux, ultrafiltration membrane permeability. Telemetry data is collected over a 5-minute period provide a rolling 5-minute average and is available in a .csv format.12 years ago
- The data consist of observations of cover of plant species in permanent quadrats in a nitrogen deposition experiment on a peat bog. The experiment was located at Whim Moss in central Scotland, between 2002 and 2016. Recording of cover was by visual assessment in 40 x 40 cm quadrats. The experiment was designed to look at the change in vegetation composition with different rates of deposition of nitrogen in different forms (ammonia, ammonium, and nitrate). This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Data are presented showing change in saltmarsh extent along 25 estuaries/embayments in six regions across Great Britain, between 1846 and 2016. Data were captured from maps and aerial photographs. Marsh extent was delineated a scale of 1:7,500 by placing vertices every 5 m along the marsh edge. Error introduced from: (i) inaccuracies in the basemap used to georeference maps and aerial photographs; (ii) the georeferencing procedure itself; (iii) the interpreter when placing vertices on the marsh edge; and (iv) map and photo distortions that occurred prior to digitisation were calculated and used to estimate the root mean square error (RMSE) in areal extent of each marsh complex. Measures of marsh extent were only recorded if maps and aerial photographs were available for the entire estuary/embayment. Data was collected as part of a study on the large-scale, long-term trends and causes of lateral saltmarsh change. The data was used in the analysis for Ladd et al. (2019). C. Ladd and M.F. Duggan-Edwards carried out the collection and processing of the saltmarsh extent data. All authors contributed to the interpretation of the data. The work was carried out under the NERC programme - Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environment (C-SIDE), NERC grant reference NE/R010846/1.12 years ago
- Gridded potential evapotranspiration calculated from United Kingdom Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18) regional climate model (RCM) ensemble at 12 km resolution over the United Kingdom for the years 1980-2080 under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenario. This dataset contains two potential evapotranspiration variables: daily total potential evapotranspiration (PET; kg m-2 d-1) and daily total potential evapotranspiration with interception correction (PETI; kg m-2 d-1). PET and PETI were calculated for each member of the UKCP18 RCM perturbed parameter ensemble. The units kg m-2 d-1 are equivalent to mm d-1. The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable, for each ensemble member, for each decade.12 years ago
- Bird species data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. Counts of individual bird species are recorded. These data are collected, using the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO)'s Breeding Bird Survey methodology, at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous records from 1995 to 2015 (the transects are walked twice each year). ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- Rainwater alkalinity, chloride-ion, conductivity, pH and nutrients data from the Frome Piddle; Pang Lambourn and Tern catchments, recorded between 2004 and 2006. Rainwater samples were collected fortnightly at seven sites in these catchments and analysed for Alkalinity pH 4.5, Ammonia, Chloride-ion, Conductivity 20 °C, Nitrate, pH, Phosphorus soluble reactive (SRP), Silicate reactive dissolved (SRD) and Sulphate. The samples were collected as part of the NERC funded Lowland Catchment Research (LOCAR) Programme to provide comparable baseline rainwater chemistry data across the LOCAR catchments.12 years ago
- This dataset includes measurements of microbial community composition by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, soil respiration (Carbon dioxide (CO2)), soil physico-chemical properties and 13C enrichment in CO2 samples and microbial Phospholipid Fatty Acids (PLFAs). Data were produced for an investigation of the effects of carbon (C) substrate addition on soil carbon cycling processes in ten tropical soils from the Peruvian Andes. Soils were amended with 13C labelled substrates (xylose, glycine, vanillin and hemicellulose) and incubated under controlled conditions for seven days.12 years ago
- These spatial layers contain the predicted occurrence and abundance of three heathland shrubs, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium vitis-idaea identified as susceptible host species for Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora kernoviae in Scotland. The distribution models were developed from quadrat vegetation data kindly provided by Scottish Natural Heritage combined with data on climate and soil conditions as well as deer abundance and were fitted using a Bayesian Generalised Mixed Modelling approach adapted for input data on the DOMIN scale. This research was funded by the Scottish Government under research contract CR/2008/55, 'Study of the epidemiology of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora kernoviae in managed gardens and heathlands in Scotland' and involved collaborators from St Andrews University, Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture (SASA), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), Forestry Commission, the Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA) and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH).12 years ago
- This data set includes longitudinal occurrence of bird species at 36 forest plots – half of which burned during the 2015-16 El Niño drought – distributed across a gradient of prior human disturbance in the Brazilian Amazon. Data was collected in 2010 and 2016 (around 6 years before, and one year after the 2015-16 El Niño, respectively) as part of the projects 'Assessing ENSO-induced Fire Impacts in tropical Rainforest Ecosystems' (AFIRE) and 'Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning in degraded and recovering Amazonian and Atlantic Forests' (ECOFOR), within the NERC Human-Modified Tropical Forest (HTMF) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset contains carbon and nitrogen stock data from soils collected from Salisbury Plain, UK. The sites were selected to reflect the four main grassland management types on Salisbury Plain ranging from arable cropland to species rich grassland, with six representative grassland plots for each type (24 sites in total). Each site had two replicates for each variable measured. The data collected was intended to illustrate a gradient of ecosystem functioning and vegetation change as the grassland becomes more extensively managed. The field sampling was conducted by the University of Manchester and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology at Wallingford. Soil C and N were analysed by the University of Manchester. The data includes carbon and nitrogen budgets to depth at all sites.12 years ago
- This is a 25m pixel data set representing the land surface of Northern Ireland, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. It is a three-band raster in GeoTiff format, produced by rasterising three properties of the classified land parcels dataset. The first band gives the most likely land cover type; the second band gives the per-parcel probability of the land cover, the third band is a measure of parcel purity. The probability and purity bands (scaled 0 to 100) combine to give an indication of uncertainty. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2021 products are available from the LCM2021 product documentation accompanying this dataset.12 years ago
- Erosion risk mapping showing river channel concentrations modelled using SCIMAP for the Yorkshire River Derwent, UK. Scenario mapping has been carried out and the dataset includes the following scenarios to assess variation in model output: 1) traditional land use map; 2) satellite derived land use maps; 3) long term rainfall averages; 4) integrating the artificial drainage network and 5) incorporating future climate change.12 years ago
- The data available to download comprise hypolimnion temperature (TEMP) in degrees Celsius, and hypolimnion dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) in mg per litre. All data have been measured in a depth of 13.5 to 15 m. All data are from January 2005 until the end of 2009. This is part of a long-term monitoring dataset from fortnightly sampling at Esthwaite Water in Cumbria, England. The data have been collected by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH). This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the 1km raster, percentage aggregate class version of the Land Cover Map 2015 (LCM2015) for Northern Ireland. The 1km percentage product provides the percentage cover for each of 10 aggregated land cover classes for 1km x 1km pixels. This product contains one band per aggregated habitat class (producing a 10 band image). The 10 aggregate classes are groupings of 21 target classes, which are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. The aggregate classes group some of the more specialised classes into more general categories. For example, the five coastal classes in the target class are grouped into a single aggregate coastal class. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. LCM2015 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. LCM2015 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM2015 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. LCM2015 was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is one of a series of land cover maps, produced by UKCEH since 1990. They include versions in 1990, 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019.12 years ago
- The dataset consists of pH values from soil samples taken in Roudsea Wood National Nature Reserve in 1961. Soil samples were taken from between 5 and 10cm in depth from transects across the reserve and from under oak trees. pH was measured by the Woodlands Research Section at The Nature Conservancy's Merlewood Research Station, Grange over Sands, Cumbria and the data have been stored and digitised by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster.12 years ago
- This dataset includes ecological information recorded from within 18 birch woodlands surveyed in the Spey Valley, Scotland between 1971 and 1974. Data collected includes plant species composition in the canopy and ground flora, soil pH, habitat management and a wide range of other descriptors at a site level and in more detail from 16 - 40 200m2 sample plots located at random within the 18 woods. The survey was undertaken by the Nature Conservancy/Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.12 years ago
- Marine fish, algae and invertebrate invasive alien species (IAS) data from Akrotiri and Dhekelia, Cyprus. Data were collected during an 19-month monitoring period starting in February 2017 and ending in September 2018. Sampling occurred seasonally, approximately once every 3 months, and used an underwater visual census (UVC) method. The UVC involved divers swimming at a steady pace along three 25m transects, with each transect separated by a 5m gap. The transects were randomly placed, covering a variety of habitats such as seagrass beds and rocky habitats where possible. Fish species were recorded and abundance estimated within 2.5m on each side of the transect. Benthic species (algae and invertebrates) were recorded from quadrats placed every 1m along each 25m transect. Sampling carried out by the University of Cyprus and volunteer divers from the Western Sovereign Base Area Sub Aqua Club as part of a Defra Darwin Initiative Plus project to ascertain baseline data on native and non-native marine species in the Sovereign Base Area of Akrotiri.12 years ago
- The dataset comprises biochemical measurements of salt marsh soil, and samples from fields on former salt marsh, taken using a soil corer. Sampling was conducted at three restored salt marshes and six accidentally breached sites on the Essex coast, UK, providing a chronosequence from 16 to 114 years since restoration of tidal flow. Natural salt marsh at all sites were also sampled, along with adjacent fields on former salt marsh (where access permitted). All salt marsh sampling took place in October 2011. Field sample sites were sampled between July 2010 and April 2017. This data was collected as part of the NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology's Multi-functional land-use options project (C03463) in order to determine the trajectory and timescale of habitat recovery, and provide empirically-based predictions of changes in the rate of carbon sequestration over time following saltmarsh restoration. Data is also represented for fields on former saltmarsh to give a 'before' time point to be able to calculate these changes.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (area) data for Broad Habitats across Great Britain in 1984. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 384 1km squares and scaling up to a national level. The data are summarized as habitat area per Land Class (areas of similar environmental characteristics). The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB and using the 'ITE Land Classification' as a method of stratification. The data were collected as part of Countryside Survey, a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The Survey has been carried out at regular intervals since 1978. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. In addition to habitat areas, species plot, soil plot, linear habitat, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset details the germination rates of seeds from Eschscholzia californica plants introduced to habitats comprising different floral cover. Data was collected in June 2015 at the Hillesden estate, Buckinghamshire, UK. Experimental arrays were introduced across the study site, Arrays comprised of three E.californica plants separated by 1m and arranged in a triangular formation. A total of sixteen arrays were introduced across four 100ha replicate blocks, each separated by >500m. At the centre of each block, four experimental arrays were placed at 50m intervals along a 150m transect laid symmetrically across the boundary between an established wildflower patch and bare, fallow ground or grazed grassland (two arrays within the florally rich habitat and two arrays within the florally poor habitat). After sixteen days plants were collected in and stored under glasshouse conditions. Upon fruit maturation, 20 seeds from each of the 48 field exposed plants was sown into compost and the number which successfully germinated was counted. The dataset was part of a larger experiment looking at the effect of floral resources on the pollination services to isolated plants.12 years ago
- Data comprise elemental concentrations of Ca, Cs, K, Mg, Sr, NH4-N and NPOC (Non-Purgeable Organic Carbon) measured by ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry), ICPOES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy) or high temperature combustion catalytic oxidation. Samples include a range of freeze-dried crops (grass, radish, potato, strawberry, lettuce, courgette, chard) relevant to the human food chain, soil, soil pore waters and irrigation water. All samples were obtained following two plant growth studies conducted at CEH Lancaster during spring/summer 2018 and 2019 and a study conducted at the University of Extremadura (Cáceres) in the summer of 2018. The study was conducted as part of the CONFIDENCE project which is part of the CONCERT EJP, which receives funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 662287.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock data for Broad Habitats across Great Britain in 1978. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 256 1km squares surveyed for the Countryside Survey and scaling up to a national level. The data are presented as percent habitat per 1km square. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to habitat areas, species plot, soil plot, linear habitat, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- The dataset contains concentrations of total soil organic carbon, soil carbon fractions, soil CO2 fluxes, soil temperature and moisture in the Peruvian Andes. Measurements and sampling took place between 2010 and 2013. Data were generated as part of a larger NERC project: 'Are tropical uplands regional hotspots for methane and nitrous oxide'12 years ago
- Data on worker behaviour, experimental treatment and sampling, queen longevity, queen and colony fecundity and queen morphometrics collected for an experiment manipulating costs of reproduction in bumble bee queens (Bombus terrestris).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the 1km raster, dominant target class version of the Land Cover Map 2015 (LCM2015) for Great Britain. The 1km dominant coverage product is based on the 1km percentage product and reports the habitat class with the highest percentage cover for each 1km pixel. The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. LCM2015 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. LCM2015 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM2015 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. LCM2015 was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is one of a series of land cover maps, produced by UKCEH since 1990. They include versions in 1990, 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements from a set of ALPHA (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) sampler sites in the area surrounding Cuilcagh in Ireland and Northern Ireland in 2020. The purpose of these measurements was to observe the impact of local ammonia levels on vegetation. Local site operator duties were completed by Ulster Wildlife Trust and analysis is completed by UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Edinburgh. The sites around Cuilcagh were started on 01.2.2020 and measurements are ongoing.12 years ago
- Invertebrate herbivory data across a natural soil temperature gradient in Iceland from May-July 2017This is a dataset of environmental data, vegetation cover, and community- and species-level invertebrate herbivory, sampled at 14 experimental soil plots in the Hengill geothermal valley, Iceland, from May to July 2017. The plots span a temperature gradient of 5-35 °C on average over the sampling period, yet they occur within 1 km of each other and have similar soil moisture, pH, nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate.12 years ago
- The Land Classification 2007 is a classification of Great Britain into a set of 45 environmental strata, termed land classes, to be used as a basis for ecological survey, originally developed by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE) in the late 1970s and building upon previous 1990 and 1998 versions. The strata were created from the multivariate analysis of 75 environmental variables, including climatic data, topographic data, human geographical features and geology data. The Land Classification can be used to stratify a wide range of ecological and biogeographical surveys to improve the efficiency of collection, analysis and presentation of information derived from a sample. The Land Classification 2007 provided stratification for the Countryside Survey of Great Britain 2007 and was adjusted from the 1998 version as a consequence of needing to provide National Estimates for habitats for Wales from Countryside Survey 2007 in addition to Scotland and GB as a whole. Both the 1990 version and the 1998 versions are also available.12 years ago
- This dataset contains calculated return rates for five seabird species from representative colonies on the Isle of May, off the East coast of Scotland. Annual return rates are measured as the number of individually colour marked individuals seen in any one year that were also observed in the previous year for the Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica), common guillemot (Uria aalge), razorbill (Alca torda), European shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) and black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). Not every individual is seen in any one year and the data set does not take into account those missed in any previous years hence these data are not to be treated as survival estimates. The Isle of May long-term study (IMLOTS) aims to identify the impact of environmental change on seabirds and their associated ecosystems. Understanding the mechanisms underlying variation in seabird population size requires a thorough knowledge of demographic parameters, namely birth rates, death rates, immigration and emigration. The effects of environmental change are likely to be different according to which demographic parameter or life history stage is being considered. This complexity means that only long-term monitoring, such as that carried out on the Isle of May, will allow us to understand the functioning of bird populations and their responses to environmental change.02 years ago
- Butterfly data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. Counts of individual species are recorded. These data are collected while walking a defined transect at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous weekly records from 1993 to 2015. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- The dataset contains concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2, collectively NOx) and ozone (O3), frequencies of insect pollinators and flower visits and yield metrics of Brassica nigra plants collected from within eight field-based fumigation rings located at the University of Reading's Sonning Farm, UK.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises botanical composition and earthworm species and abundance data, sampled from a mesocosm experiment (named Sweethope) in October 2001. The mesocosm site replicated the layout of the main experimental plots at the NERC Soil Biodiversity site at Sourhope, Scotland and was established to avoid contaminating the main Sourhope plots. The NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT 8545 1963). During the experiment, the site was monitored to assess changes in above-ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- This data resource provides plot-level plant occurrence data for the first six years (2015-2020) of the National Plant Monitoring Scheme (NPMS, covering the UK, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man). Data consist of individual observations of plants, and other habitat characteristics, at the metre-scale; observations are accompanied by percentage cover information recorded according to the Domin frequency-abundance scale commonly used in plant community ecology. Other information provided includes the plot type (size, shape, according to the NPMS classification), the volunteer-recorded NPMS habitat, the date of sampling, and information regarding the spatial location of the plot. Information contained within the metadata file should allow users to reconstruct the sampling history (including gaps) of any plot that has been sampled within the NPMS scheme between 2015 and 2020. The NPMS is organised and funded by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland, Plantlife and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee. This work partly supported through Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Please be aware that this dataset is updated annually and that more recent versions exist.12 years ago
- This dataset provides photosynthesis data for the plant species Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus and Empetrum nigrum. Photosynthesis response curves were measured for Calluna vulgaris and Vaccinium myrtillus only. Photosynthesis was measured at the climate change field site Climoor which is located in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. Photosynthesis measurements have been carried out in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007; photosynthesis light response curves and Net Carbon Dioxide (CO2) assimilation rate (A), versus calculated substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci), (A/Ci), responses have been measured in 2002 and 2003. In 2005, the effects of drought on photosynthesis of all three species has been measured. In 2007, the effect climate change (warming and drought) has been measured on healthy, fungal affected and herbivory affected Vaccinium myrtillus leaves. The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots, three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (March to September). Photosynthesis measurements were carried out by trained members of CEH Bangor staff. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. Plot level photosynthesis measurements are important to investigate ecosystem carbon dynamics and changes in the soil carbon under the imposed climatic treatments.12 years ago
- Data collected from an experimental inoculation study of house finches with isolates of the bacterial pathogen, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, conducted at Arizona State University, USA in 2015. Data include multiple measurements of disease progression obtained as measures of body mass, symptoms severity scores and infection status. The birds were caught from wild-populations and brought back into the laboratory in July 2015 to allow them to acclimate to laboratory conditions before study onset in October 2015. The experiment was then run for 34-days.12 years ago
- This dataset is from an automatic weather station (AWS) located at the Pontbren study site in mid-Wales, UK. The AWS was installed at the Bowl study site, an area of improved grassland, between 2006-2010 as part of the Pontbren Catchment Study Land Use and Management Multi-Scale Experimental Programme. The parameters measured by the AWS were; incident radiation, wind speed and direction, soil and air temperature, relative humidity and net radiation. All sensors are sampled every one minute and provided in the form of daily and ten-minute averages. Data are provided in the form of .txt files and generally split into six-month blocks. Associated with each data point in the .txt file is a quality assurance code, QA code, in the adjacent column. Details of the dataset and the quality assurance coding system (Appendix A) are provided in the supporting documentation. Other measurements taken at the Bowl include monitoring runoff from an improved grassland field in the form of overland and drain flow, soil water tension, soil volumetric moisture content, groundwater height and precipitation.12 years ago
- Collated indices are a relative measure of butterfly abundance across monitored sites in the UK, calculated from data collected by the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Collated indices are calculated annually for each individual butterfly species that has been recorded on five or more sites in that year. Based on this criterion collated indices have been calculated for the entire UKBMS time series from 1976 to the current year for the majority of species. For some rarer species the time series starts in a later year due to lack of data. Collated indices are calculated using a statistical model that accounts for missing data. The number of sites for each species ranges from 5 to several hundred and varies from year to year. Since 2008 more than 1,000 sites have been monitored across the UK each year. Collated indices are calculated so that we can determine how butterfly populations are changing over time across the UK. This data can be used, for example, to determine where to target conservation efforts and to measure the condition of the UK countryside. Butterflies are recognised as important indicators of biodiversity and environmental change (e.g. as official UK Biodiversity Indicators), and have been used in numerous research studies to understand the impacts of changes in climate and the extent and condition of habitats. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The dataset comprises of dry weight root biomass data collected from 0 cm to 10 cm, 10 cm to 20 cm and 20 cm to 30 cm soil depths from six salt marsh sites. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England. The Morecambe Bay samples were taken during the winter and summer of 2013. The Essex samples were taken during the winter, early spring and summer of 2013. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- Land use/land cover (LULC) map of a 20km2 agricultural landscape centred on the Hillesden Estate, Buckinghamshire, UK. The map is based on remote sensed data (LiDAR and hyperspectral sensors) with manual updates and the addition of spring and summer floral cover data from comprehensive field surveys. The remote sensed data was generated in August 2007. The manual updates and summer floral data were from field visits in July and August 2011, and the spring floral data were from field visits in April 2011 and 2012. The map was created as part of a project led by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, funded under the Insect Pollinators Initiative.12 years ago
- This dataset contains existing and potential areas of habitats associated with calcareous, coastal, upland and lowland heath landscapes. The dataset was initially created to provide a sampling framework for a field survey carried out in 1992 and 1993 by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (later part of the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology). It was derived from a range of geology, soils, altitude and land cover data (as described fully in the supporting information).12 years ago
- LCM2007 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors. It also covers Northern Ireland and incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible, incorporating land cover classes sought by other users. LCM2007 is produced in both vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. This dataset consists of the vector product, containing each individual parcel, as classified. (Great Britain only).02 years ago
- Measurements of sediment properties (including organic and carbonate content), radionuclides (210Pb, 137Cs, 241Am) and elements (including mercury, nickel, copper, zinc, and lead) in lake sediment successions. Radionuclide dating provides a reliable chronology of sediment ages from the mid-19th century (sometimes only 20th century) to the present (2016). The dataset comprises a standardised matrix of multiple measured sediment variables (element values per mass) against stratigraphic depth for 8 lakes. In some water bodies multiple core datasets exist.12 years ago
- This is the 20m classified pixels dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2017 (LCM2017) representing Great Britain. It describes Great Britain's land cover in 2017 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset is the Random Forest classification result from classifying a 20m pixel raster containing multi-season spectral information combined with context layers, which help to resolve spectral confusion. It is provided as a 2-band, 8-bit integer raster. The band-1 is the UKCEH Land Cover Class identifier, band-2 is an indicator of classification confidence. For a fuller description please refer to the product documentation. LCM2017 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2017. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2017. LCM2017 was simultaneously released with LCM2018 and LCM2019. These are the latest in a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Great Britain (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps LCM2000, LCM2007 and LCM2015. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Data are presented showing seedling height, diameter at ground height (DGH), total number of leaves, number of leaves with herbivory damage and leaf mortality, from a plot based fertilisation experiment. The experiment was carried out at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) approximately 100 km north of Manaus. Data were collected bimonthlyfrom February 2019 to January 2020, by the dataset first author. Height measurements were made with a tape measure and DRH measurements were made with digital calipers. Leaf numbers, damage and mortality were made from visual observations. The data were collected to investigate the possible effects of different fertiliser applications on seedling height, totalnumber of leaves, number of leaves with herbivory damage and leaf mortality.The work was carried out as part of the Amazon Fertilization Experiment (AFEX), funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Award reference NE/L007223/1, by the Brazilian government (Researcher scholarship) and the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP - logistical support and camps maintanance).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of metal concentrations (aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, titanium and zinc) measured from soils sampled across Great Britain in 2007. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey12 years ago
- Land Cover Map 2007 (LCM2007) is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors. It also covers Northern Ireland and incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible , incorporating land cover classes sought by other users. LCM2007 is produced in both vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. Product consists of 1km raster, dominant aggregate class (aggregation of Target Classes). Great Britain only.02 years ago
- The data contains details about plant species, trees, shrubs and soils, collected using standardized survey methods from within a selection of 48 semi-natural woodlands in the English Lake District. Nearly 300 plots were surveyed from sites across the north west of England, selected objectively from different woodland group types identified in the Lake District. The survey was carried out by the Nature Conservancy in 1969.12 years ago
- 1km resolution gridded meteorological variables over Great Britain for the years 1961-2015. This dataset contains time series of daily mean values of air temperature (K), specific humidity (kg kg-1), wind speed (m s-1), downward longwave radiation (W m-2), downward shortwave radiation (W m-2), precipitation (kg m-2 s-2) and air pressure (Pa), plus daily temperature range (K). These are the variables required to run the JULES land surface model [1] with daily disaggregation. The precipitation data were obtained by scaling the Gridded estimates of daily and monthly areal rainfall (CEH-GEAR) daily rainfall estimates [2,3] to the units required for JULES input. Other variables were interpolated from coarser resolution datasets, taking into account topographic information. [1] Best, M. J., Pryor, M., Clark, D. B., Rooney, G. G., Essery, R. L. H., Ménard, C. B., Edwards, J. M., Hendry, M. A., Porson, A., Gedney, N., Mercado, L. M., Sitch, S., Blyth, E., Boucher, O., Cox, P. M., Grimmond, C. S. B., and Harding, R. J.: The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description - Part 1: Energy and water fluxes, Geoscientific Model Development, 4, 677-699. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-677-2011, 2011. [2] Tanguy, M.; Dixon, H.; Prosdocimi, I.; Morris, D. G.; Keller, V. D. J. (2016). Gridded estimates of daily and monthly areal rainfall for the United Kingdom (1890-2015) [CEH-GEAR]. NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/33604ea0-c238-4488-813d-0ad9ab7c51ca [3] Keller,V. D. J., Tanguy, M. , Prosdocimi, I. , Terry, J. A. , Hitt, O., Cole, S. J. , Fry, M., Morris, D. G., Dixon, H. (2015) CEH-GEAR: 1km resolution daily and monthly areal rainfall estimates for the UK for hydrological use. Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., 8, 83-112. https://doi.org/10.5194/essdd-8-83-2015.02 years ago
- This dataset for the UK, Jersey and Guernsey contains the Corine Land Cover (CLC) revised for 2006. This shapefile has been created from combining the 2006 land cover layers from the individual CLC database files for the UK, Jersey and Guernsey. CLC is a dataset produced within the frame of the Initial Operations of the Copernicus programme (the European Earth monitoring programme previously known as GMES) on land monitoring. CLC provides consistent information on land cover and land cover changes across Europe. This inventory was initiated in 1985 (initial year 1990) and then established a time series of land cover information with updates in 2000 and 2006 the last one being the 2012 reference year. CLC products are based on the analysis of satellite images by national teams of participating countries - the EEA member and cooperating countries - following a standard methodology and nomenclature with the following base parameters: * 44 classes in the hierarchical three level Corine nomenclature; * Minimum mapping unit (MMU) for status layers is 25 hectares; * Minimum width of linear elements is 100 metres; The resulting national land cover inventories are further integrated into a seamless land cover map of Europe. Land cover and land use (LCLU) information is important not only for land change research, but also more broadly for the monitoring of environmental change, policy support, the creation of environmental indicators and reporting. CLC datasets provide important datasets supporting the implementation of key priority areas of the Environment Action Programmes of the European Union as protecting ecosystems, halting the loss of biological diversity, tracking the impacts of climate change, assessing developments in agriculture and implementing the EU Water Framework Directive, among others.12 years ago
- Location of peat cores and peat properties including moisture, bulk density, ash and organic matter content for short cores (50 cm) collected 10 month post-fire in high, medium and low severity areas within a drained and a near natural area in the footprint of a severe wildfire that impacted >6500 ha of blanket bog and wet heath in the Flow Country of Northern Scotland.12 years ago
- This data resource consists of two files: (a) 1x1 km resolution Average Accumulated Exceedance (AAE) data summarising the exceedances of acidity critical loads for eight habitats; (b) 1x1 km resolution summarising the exceedances of nutrient nitrogen critical loads for thirteen habitats. The data provide information on the amount of excess acid or nitrogen deposition above the critical load values set to protect acid- and nitrogen-sensitive habitats in the UK. The AAE has been calculated using UK 1x1 km Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) data for 2018-20 (see related data collection). The data were generated under Defra-funded work to assess the potential areas of acid and nitrogen sensitive habitats at risk of adverse impacts from excess atmospheric acid and nitrogen deposition. Reducing the area and amount of critical load exceedance continues to be a driver of Government policy on reducing emissions of acidic and nitrogen-containing air pollutants (sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ammonia).02 years ago
- This dataset details the allometry and leaf trait measurements in three common gardens of fifteen juvenile tree species from the Colombian Andes planted along a thermosequence (14, 22 and 26 deg C) in the Antioquia region of Colombia. Allometric data includes tree diameter at the base, total tree height and height to the first branch, crown diameters, health status, survival and percentage of herbivory attacks over ten measuring campaigns from February 2019 until January 2022. Trait data includes leaf area, thickness, dry weight, leaf mass per area total number of branches and leaves per tree. Regarding the common garden plantations the trees were planted in the ground between November 2019 and January 2019 with planting height ranging between 50 and 100 cm (species dependent).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of information regarding the abundance of fish species from Windermere, and includes long-term data on Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus), Pike (Esox lucius), Perch (Perca fluviatilis) and some recent data on Roach (Rutilus rutilus) from net and trap sampling, together with data on total fish abundance from hydroacoustics. Data collection began in 1940. With the exception of the hydroacoustics, the data were initially collected by the Freshwater Biological Association (FBA) but have been collected by CEH and its predecessor Institute of Freshwater Ecology (IFE) since 1989. The hydroacoustics data have been collected by CEH/IFE since 1990. The data available to download originate from Windermere North and South Basins and are given as yearly averages.12 years ago
- This dataset contains calculated breeding success rates for six seabird species from representative colonies on the Isle of May, off the East coast of Scotland. Annual breeding success has been measured as the number of chicks fledged per active nest for the Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica, since 1982), common guillemot (Uria aalge, since 1982), razorbill (Alca torda, since 1982), European shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis, since 1987), black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla, since 1987) and northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis, since 1987). The number of active nests recorded are also provided. Data were collected as part of the Isle of May long-term study (IMLOTS), which aims to identify the impact of environmental change on seabirds and their associated ecosystems. This monitoring has been ongoing since 1974, by essentially the same team of scientists, using the same well-documented methods throughout this time.02 years ago
- The dataset consists of a distribution map of ash trees (Fraxinus excelsior) within woody linear features across Great Britain. The data is derived from Countryside Survey 2007 and includes trees recorded in lines of trees of a natural shape and lines of trees of an unnatural shape. Trees were mapped in 569 1km sample squares across Britain, and this national estimate dataset was derived from the sample data using ITE Land Classes.12 years ago
- This dataset includes manual measurements of water table depth at the Climoor fieldsite in the Clocaenog Forest, north-east Wales. Water table depth was collected via water permeable tubes installed through the soil profile down to bedrock. Measurements were taken, usually every two weeks, using a tape measure and head torch to assist in seeing the water level in the tube. Data are available from May 2009 to January 2014.02 years ago
- Weather station data at five on-glacier stations in Peru and the ecohydrological model Tethys-Chloris. Data includes: - Hourly weather station data from Shallap Glacier, Artesonraju Glacier, Cuchillacocha Glacier, Quisoquipina Glacier and Quelccaya Ice Cap. Given as .csv files and as model input files. - The model code used to input the data and set the correct parameters for these sites. - The model code for the point version of Tethys-Chloris, an ecohydrological model which is used in this case to calculate glacier melt and mass balance.12 years ago
- This dataset contains details of digital elevation models (DEM) and orthomosaic photographs (orthophotos) of seven 5 x 5 m erosion plots on Iron Tongue Hill, Tameside, Manchester. Plots were surveyed on ten occasions in 2018/2019 following a severe moorland wildfire (July 2018). Plots were surveyed using ground-based photogrammetry and Struture-from-Motion methods. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/S011560/1).12 years ago
- This dataset is a model output, from the Grid-to-Grid hydrological model driven by observed climate data (CEH-GEAR rainfall and MORECS potential evaporation). It provides monthly mean flow (m3/s) and soil moisture (mm water/m soil) on a 1 km grid for the period 1960 to 2015. To aid interpretation, two additional spatial datasets are provided: * Digitally-derived catchment areas on a 1km x 1km grid * Estimated locations of flow gauging stations on a 1km x 1km grid and as a csv file. The data were produced as part of MaRIUS (Managing the Risks, Impacts and Uncertainties of drought and water Scarcity), which was a UK NERC-funded research project (2014-2017) that developed a risk-based approach to drought and water scarcity.12 years ago
- The dataset contains fruit counts (and counts of seeds within fruits), size measurements, and habitat characteristics for Pyracantha angustifolia, in Tafi Del Valle (Northwest Argentina). Data were obtained from field-based measurements of shrub characteristics in May 2019, when Pyracantha is fruiting. Also included are growth ring counts for shrubs of different sized used to predict the age of shrubs within the dataset.12 years ago
- These spatial layers contain risk factors and overall risk scores, representing relative risk of Phytophthora infection (Phytophthora ramorum and P. kernoviae), for heathland fragments across Scotland. Risk factors include climate suitability, proximity to road and river networks and suitability of habitat for key hosts of Phytophthora and were broadly concurrent with the period between 2007 and 2013. This research was funded by the Scottish Government under research contract CR/2008/55, 'Study of the epidemiology of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora kernoviae in managed gardens and heathlands in Scotland' and involved collaborators from St Andrews University, Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture (SASA), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), Forestry Commission, the Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA) and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH).12 years ago
- This dataset includes stream and rainfall hydrochemistry of the Plynlimon research catchments in Mid Wales. The data cover the period from March 2019 to March 2023. Sampling was carried out every four weeks, apart from a period of 5 months when access was restricted due to the Covid pandemic. Stream samples were taken using a grab technique and filtered in the field. Rain samples were collected using bulk precipitation collectors. Data are presented for major anions and cations, pH, conductivity, alkalinity and in-situ measurements for the water temperature and stream flow for the six stream locations and air temperature and volume for the rainfall sites.12 years ago
- The dataset comprises of physical property and biogeochemical measurements of saltmarsh soil collected using the hammer coring technique from the Kyle of Tongue saltmarsh in the North of Scotland. The site was chosen to represent northern, loch head marshes and to test different coring techniques in organic rich soils. The data provides a quantitative measure of the dry bulk density, water content, porosity and organic carbon content present within the soils of the Kyle of Tongue saltmarsh. A total of four cores were collected, 39 samples were collected at 10 cm intervals down the length of each core. The samples were processed for bulk density, water content, porosity and organic carbon content which was quantified through elemental analysis. The data were collected to help create a detailed picture of saltmarsh carbon storage in the soils of UK saltmarsh and test different coring approaches. The cores were collected by the data authors in November 2018. The work was carried out under the NERC programme - Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environment (C-SIDE), NERC grant reference NE/R010846/112 years ago
- Primary forest cover and forest cover loss in Wallacea for the years 2000-2018 to train a deforestation model and produce maps of projected probability of deforestation until 2053.12 years ago
- Bird species data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. Counts of individual bird species are recorded. These data are collected, using the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO)'s Breeding Bird Survey methodology, at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous records from 1995 to 2012 (the transects are walked twice each year). ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.02 years ago
- This dataset contains operational taxonomic units for soil eukaryotes from the Wolf and Tamar catchments . A range of soils were targeted from the Tamar region comprising a range of land uses. Approximate location of sampling sites was determined from maps to provide good spatial coverage of the catchment. Exact sites were determined in the field, considering accessibility and other logistic, and soils taken. The exact location of each sample site was determined using a Garmin GPS12. Soil samples were kept in the cold and removed to the laboratory for analyses.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of lengths and condition information recorded from woody linear features (hedges), recorded from 248 1km squares across England in 2022 and 2023, as part of a survey of hedges funded by Natural England. The survey sites belong to the UKCEH Countryside Survey, which is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have previously been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and predecessors, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way, we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time.02 years ago
- This dataset contains information on activity parameters obtained from automated radiotelemetry data collected on individual birds of six passerine species (European robin, Eurasian blackbird, great tit, blue tit, dunnock, common chaffinch). Birds were caught via mistnetting at 4 sites along a 35 km urban gradient in Glasgow, Scotland, in autumn and winter of two years: 2020 and 2021. Once tagged, each bird was monitored for approximately 3-4 weeks. Raw telemetry data was processed and analysed in order to extract activity traits. The activity traits were: onset of morning activity, end of evening activity, total amount of daily activity. Data were collected to investigate the effects of urbanisation on daily activity patterns, reproductive traits and population dynamics of passerine birds.12 years ago
- The data records bird species and number in different green spaces within Sheffield City Region during June and July 2018. Activity of individual birds is also noted. Ten green spaces (parks) were surveyed on three occasions, with a researcher walking along six pre-designated line transects in each location. Birds were recorded by their common names and British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) code. Date and time were recorded for each observation. The data was collected as part of the NERC IWUN Project (Improving well-being through urban nature).12 years ago
- This dataset contains terrestrial fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and ecosystem respiration (carbon dioxide (CO2)) calculated from static chamber measurements in riparian buffers of oil palm plantations on mineral soil, in Riau, Sumatra, Indonesia. Measurements were made monthly, from January 2019 until September 2021, with a break from April 2019 to October 2019 to allow for felling and replanting, and another break from January 2021 to June 2021 due to Covid-19 restrictions. To help to reduce the environmental impact of oil palm plantations, riparian buffers are now required by regulations in many Southeast Asian countries. The experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of greenhouse gas emissions from the riparian buffers. Research was funded through NERC grant NE/R000131/1 Sustainable Use of Natural Resources to Improve Human Health and Support Economic Development (SUNRISE)12 years ago
- The WATCH Forcing data is a twentieth century meteorological forcing dataset for land surface and hydrological models. It consists of three/six-hourly states of the weather for global half-degree land grid points. It was generated as part of the EU FP 6 project 'WATCH' (WATer and global CHange') which ran from 2007-2011. The data was generated in 2 tranches with slightly different methodology: 1901-1957 and 1958-2001, but generally the dataset can be considered as continuous. More details regarding the generation process can be found in the associated WATCH technical report and paper in J. Hydrometeorology. To understand how the data grid is formed it is necessary to read the attached WFD-land-long-lat-z files either in NetCDF or DAT formats. The data covers land points only and excludes the Antarctica. Qair or 2m specific humidity (instantaneous) is the instantaneous specific humidity at 2m measured in kg/kg at 6 hourly resolution and 0.5 x 0.5 degrees spatial resolution.12 years ago
- This dataset contains seed counts of Eschscholzia californica plants introduced to form experimental arrays within habitats comprising different floral cover. Data was collected in June 2015 at the Hillesden estate, Buckinghamshire, UK. Experimental arrays comprised of three E.californica plants separated by 1m and arranged in a triangular formation. A total of sixteen arrays were introduced across four 100 hectare replicate blocks, each separated by >500m. At the centre of each block, four experimental arrays were placed at 50m intervals along a 150m transect laid symmetrically across the boundary between an established wildflower patch and bare, fallow ground or grazed grassland (two arrays within the florally rich habitat and two arrays within the florally poor habitat). On each plant, the seed set was measured for flowers which were exposed and excluded from pollinators to determine the effects of habitat context on plant reproduction. The dataset was part of a larger experiment looking at the effect of floral resources on the pollination services to isolated plants.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a range of ecological measurements collected from a set of arable fields, each sown with a combination of genetically modified and conventional spring-sown oilseed rape crops. Measurements include species counts in the following areas: weed seedbank, vegetation in the crop, field edge vegetation, invertebrates. The data were collected as part of the Farm Scale Evaluations (FSEs), a four-year programme of research by independent researchers aimed at studying the effect that the management practices associated with Genetically Modified Herbicide Tolerant (GMHT) crops might have on farmland wildlife, when compared with weed control used with non-GM crops. Data were collected by a consortium of: the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (now the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology), the Institute of Arable Crops Research (now Rothamsted Research) and the Scottish Crop Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute). Data were collected for four crops overall (Beet, Maize, Spring-sown Oilseed Rape and Winter-sown oilseed Rape).12 years ago
- These datasets provide Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) values of sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric deposition for 5x5 kilometre (km) grid squares of the UK averaged over the years 2011 to 2013. The data consist of deposition values for sulphur, oxidised nitrogen and reduced nitrogen, and base cations. Total deposition is the sum of four components calculated separately: wet deposition, dry deposition of gases, dry deposition of particulate matter and cloud droplet deposition. Habitat-specific data are provided for (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, and (ii) forest everywhere. Additionally, the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) is also calculated. The habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances. The work in generating and compiling the dataset has been funded by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and various Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) contracts.12 years ago
- This dataset includes charcoal reflectance measurements. The charcoal pieces were collected from the soil surface in tropical rainforest plots in Feliz Natal (southern Brazil, n= 75) and Pucallpa (Peru, n=14) in 2015. In total, 89 charcoal pieces were measured for reflectance. The reflectance measurements were taken in a minimum of 24 and a maximum of 70 repetitions per sample.02 years ago
- The meteorological data describes the air and soil temperatures, net radiation balance, down-welling photosynthetically active radiation, wind speed, wind direction and the vapour pressure deficit. Data collection was carried out at Cartmel Sands marsh from the 31st of May 2013 till the 26th of January 2015. The Cartmel Sands site is in Morecambe, North West England, and the meteorological tower was situated in the middle of the marsh. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset is an inventory of reservoir details for the UK. It provides information, including reservoir location, type (impounding or non-impounding), use (water resources, hydro-electric, ecological, flood storage, canal), capacity, planning date, construction date, catchment National River Flow Archive (NRFA) gauge references and membership of a reservoir group, based on current usage within the CEH Monthly Hydrological Summary (https://nrfa.ceh.ac.uk/monthly-hydrological-summary-uk). The dataset comprises 273 individual reservoirs, which amount to approximately 90% of total UK reservoir storage. Data quality has been recorded, using a data flag system and a notes section, with references relevant to each reservoir provided.12 years ago
- This dataset contains gridded model outputs of the predicted risk to C4 sugarcane production across south central Brazil for 2010-2014. The outputs are given as production in kg m-2 yr-1, percentage of control production (%) and production losses in kg yr-1 and Tg yr-1. The spatial resolution is 1.25 x 1.875 degrees. Three different levels of ozone susceptibility (low, moderate or high) and two distinct threshold values of phytotoxic ozone dose (0 and 2 nmol m-2 s-1) were considered.12 years ago
- Topsoil microbe data - Bacteria. Data is representative of 0 - 15 cm soil depth and includes bacterial community structure as assessed by ordination scores, Shannon diversity index and Simpson diversity index. Over 1000 samples from 233 1km x 1km squares across Great Britain were sampled in 2007 and analysed. See Emmett et al. 2010 for further details of sampling and Griffiths et al. 2011 for further details of methods. Estimates of mean values within selected habitats and parent material characteristics across GB were made using Countryside Survey (CS) data from 2007 using a mixed model approach. The estimated means of habitat/parent material combinations using 2007 data are modelled on dominant habitat and parent material characteristics derived from the Land Cover Map 2007 and Parent Material Model 2009, respectively. The parent material characteristic used was that which minimised AIC in each model (see dataset documentation). Please see Scott, 2008 for further details of similar statistical analysis. Areas, such as urban and littoral rock, are not sampled by CS and therefore have no associated data. Also, in some circumstances sample sizes for particular habitat/parent material combinations were insufficient to estimate mean values. References: Emmett, B.A., Frogbrook, Z.L., Chamberlain P.M., Griffiths R., Pickup R., Poskitt, J., Reynolds B., Rowe E., Rowland P., Spurgeon D., Wilson J., Wood, C.M. (2008). Countryside Survey Technical Report No.03/07: Soils Manual. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5201/1/CS_UK_2007_TR3%5B1%5D.pdf Griffiths, R.I.; Thomson, B.C.; James, P.; Bell, T.; Bailey, M.; Whiteley, A.S. (2011). The bacterial biogeography of British soils. Environmental Microbiology, 13 (6). 1642-1654. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02480.x Scott, W.A. (2008). CS Technical Report No.4/07: Statistical Report. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5202/1/CS_UK_2007_TR4%5B1%5D.pdf12 years ago
- The data consists of faecal microbiology and moisture content taken from two separate cohorts of 30 cattle. The cattle were from the North Wyke Farm Platform, a UK national capability, located at Rothamsted Research, North Wyke in Devon. Faecal samples were collected between November 2016 and July 2018. Samples were collected and microbiologically analysed in the laboratory within 6 to 8 hours. Two cohorts of 30 cattle were selected from 90 animals, ten from each of the three farmlets. Each cohort covering the period that cattle enter the farm platform, i.e. from weaning until slaughter ca. 16 – 20 months.12 years ago
- The topographic index is a hydrological quantity describing the propensity of the soil at landscape points to become saturated with water as a result of topographic position (i.e. not accounting for other factors such as climate that also affect soil moisture but are accounted for separately). Modern land surface models require a characterisation of the land surface hydrological regime and this parameter allows the use of the TOPMODEL hydrological model to achieve this .This Geographic Information System layer is intended for use as topographic ancillary files for the TOPMODEL routing model option within the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model. The topographic index variable here is directly comparable to the compound topographic index available from United States Geological Survey's Hydro1K at 30 sec resolution.02 years ago
- Data comprise radionuclide deposition, radioactivity dose measurements, radioactive particle activity and physical characteristic information from soil samples collected within and around the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) following the Chernobyl nuclear accident in 1986. Data include radiocaesium, radiostrontium and soil chemistry parameters from soils collected in 1997, plutonium isotope measurements in soil samples and soil layers collected in 2000 and 2001, 'Hot particle' dataset presenting radionuclide activity and some physical characteristics of 'hot particles' extracted from soils collected in the Ukraine and Poland between 1995 and 1997; and Ivankov region data (radionuclide activity concentrations and natural background dose measurements) from a survey of the Ivankov region, immediately to the south of the CEZ conducted in 2014. Funding for preparing this data set was provided by the EU COMET project (http://www.radioecology-exchange.org/content/comet) and TREE (http://www.ceh.ac.uk/tree) project funded by the NERC, Environment Agency and Radioactive Waste Management Ltd. under the RATE programme.12 years ago
- Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) data for Integrated Hydrological Units (IHU) Hydrometric Areas (Kral et al. [1]). SPEI is a drought index based on the probability of occurrence of the Climatic Water Balance (CWB) - which is equivalent to the amount of precipitation minus the amount of evapotranspiration - for a given accumulation period as defined by Vicente-Serrano et al. [2]. SPEI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the gamma distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1961 to 2012. [1] Kral, F., Fry, M., Dixon, H. (2015). Integrated Hydrological Units of the United Kingdom: Hydrometric Areas without Coastline. NERC-Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/3a4e94fc-4c68-47eb-a217-adee2a6b02b3 [2] Vicente-Serrano, S. M., Beguería, S., & López-Moreno, J. I. (2010) A Multiscalar Drought Index Sensitive to Global Warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index. J. Climate, 23, 1696-1718. https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JCLI2909.112 years ago
- This dataset provides Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) values of sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric deposition for 1x1 kilometres (km) grid squares of the UK averaged over the years 2020 to 2022. The data consist of deposition values for sulphur, oxidised nitrogen and reduced nitrogen, and base cations. Total deposition is the sum of four components calculated separately: wet deposition, dry deposition of gases, dry deposition of particulate matter and cloud droplet deposition. Habitat-specific data are provided for (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, and (ii) forest everywhere. Additionally, the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) is also calculated. The habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances. The work in generating and compiling the dataset has been funded by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and various Departments for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) contracts.02 years ago
- This dataset is part of Integrated Hydrological Units (IHU) of the UK, a set of geographical reference units for hydrological purposes including river flow measurement and hydrometric data collection. A Section is the drainage area of a watercourse between two confluences. Only confluences of named watercourses were considered. Each Section carries a name constructed from names of the major river flowing through the Section, the major river flowing into the Section, and the major river into which the Section flows. Sections are spatially consistent with Groups: each Group is made up of one or more Section. Each Section is associated with one Catchment representing the full area upstream from the Section outlet. Identifiers and attributes have been calculated so that direct upstream and direct downstream IHU units can be selected. This layer currently covers Great Britain only as no dataset with river geometries and names with suitable detail is available for Northern Ireland.12 years ago
- This dataset contains locations of worker bumblebees of five species (Bombus terrestris, B. lapidarius, B. pascuorum, B. hortorum, B. ruderatus) across an agricultural landscape centred on the Hillesden Estate, Buckinghamshire, UK. Locations were recorded in the field using a handheld GPS unit. Workers were non-lethally DNA sampled between June and August 2011, and genetic analysis used to confirm species and assign individuals to full-sib groups (colonies). Data were collected as part of a project led by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, funded under the Insect Pollinators Initiative.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements from a set of ALPHA (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) sampler sites at Ballynahone National Nature Reserve, a designated Area of Special Scientific Interest (ASSI), Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and Ramsar (wetland of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention) site in Northern Ireland. The park is an ammonia sensitive peatland ecosystem managed locally by Ulster Wildlife Trust (UWT). The data were originally collected due to concern that Ballynahone Bog may be adversely affected by NH3 emissions arising from local livestock installations.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of macrophyte species records, sampled from headwater streams during a survey in 2007. Stream macrophytes in Countryside Survey are surveyed using the standard MTR (Mean Trophic Rank) protocol, which records the presence and extent (on a categorical scale) of macrophytes in a 100m reach. Data were collected under the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Headwater stream surveys have been carried out in 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of sites. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to headwater stream data, soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data and linear habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- Temperatures recorded 5cm above the forest floor in a gridded design (1 to 13m distance) within three, 1 hectare forest plots in Sabah, Borneo. The dataset also includes air temperature data from a nearby weather station at the same temporal resolution, and spatially-interpolated measurements of topography and canopy structure in each forest plot at a 1m resolution. iButton temperature measurement 5cm above the forest floor in gridded design (1-13m distance) within three 1-ha forest plots in Sabah, Borneo. Measurements were taken at 20 minute intervals over one continuous month (November 2015). Dataset also includes nearby weather station air temperature data at identical temporal resolution, as well as spatially-interpolated (1-m) measurements of topography and canopy structure in each forest plot. Output of BALI project (NERC funded Human-modified Tropical Forest Programme).12 years ago
- This dataset contains prey items of common guillemot Uria aalge and razorbill Alca torda observed during the 2017 breeding season at East Caithness Special Protection Area, Buchan Ness to Collieston Coast Special Protection Area and Isle of May National Nature Reserve, off the east coast of Scotland. Full details are provided in the supporting documentation.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a 1km resolution raster version of the Land Cover Map 2007 for Great Britain. Each 1km pixel represents the dominant target class across the 1km area. The target classes broadly represent Broad Habitats (see below). The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2007. LCM2007 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2007 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions.12 years ago
- This data provides the results of a survey of the water quality of small streams draining forested and felled catchments across Wales. The water quality measurements are extensive, including analysis of major, minor, trace and ultra-trace elements together with nutrient and standard water quality measures such as pH and Gran alkalinity. Opportunistic sampling was undertaken with the aid for Forest Enterprise staff to sample sites at periods of both dry and very wet weather in order to assess the water quality under baseflow and stormflow conditions, respectively, to assess groundwater and soil endmember chemistries. The work was undertaken as part of a joint NERC, Environment Agency and Forestry Commission funded study to examine the impacts of conifer harvesting and replanting on upland water quality (Neal et al., 1998). Small catchment sites (2 to 5 ha) were chosen single tree and soil type at each location. Across the sites, the number of samplings varied between 1 and 10 depending upon feasibility of sampling. The monitoring period was from the 7th September 1995 up to the 18th November 1997.The scope and range of the Welsh survey work together with the findings are provided by Neal et al., 1998.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of monthly ammonia (NH3) measurements from ALPHA® (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) samplers co-located with UKEAP DELTA sites from January 2022 to December 2022. The UK Eutrophying and Acidifying Atmospheric Pollutants (UKEAP) network measures air pollutants at rural sites across the UK. Originally the purpose of these measurements was for validation of a new PTFE membrane for ALPHA® samplers prepared at UKCEH Edinburgh research laboratory.12 years ago
- This dataset contains time series observations of surface-atmosphere exchanges of net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE), sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE), and momentum (τ) measured at an area of organically managed grassland located on the Berkshire Downs, UK. Turbulent flux densities were monitored using the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) technique between 1st January 2017 and 31st July 2019. The dataset includes ancillary weather and soil physics observations, as well as variables describing atmospheric turbulence and the quality of the turbulent flux observations. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset contains percentage cover of plants, mean numbers of aphids, mean counts of predators and mean counts of herbivores on three crops (field bean, wheat and oilseed rape) within different grassland types (improved, restored and species rich). Data were collected in 2013 on five farms in the Salisbury Plain area of the UK as part of the Wessex Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Sustainability (BESS) project within the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) BESS programme. This data set was used to provide an assessment of the potential for different grassland types to provide natural pest control ecosystem services. The study uses sentinel plants of the three crops established in the grasslands to monitor herbivorous pest insects, predatory insect occurrence and the population growth rates of artificially established aphids.12 years ago
- This dataset provides stream networks for three river basins in eastern Sri Lanka (Mundeni Aru, Maduru Oya and Miyangolla Ela). The stream networks were developed for use in hydrologic modelling and are provided as shapefiles. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/S005838/1).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the vector version of the Land Cover Map 2000 for Great Britain, containing individual parcels of land cover (the highest available resolution). Level 2 & Level 3 attributes are available. Level 2, the standard level of detail, provides 26 LCM2000 target or ('sub') classes. This is the most widely used version of the dataset. Level 3 gives higher class detail. However, the quality of this level of detail may vary in different areas of the country, requiring expert interpretation. The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2000. LCM2000 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990. Like the earlier 1990 products, LCM2000 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2000 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2000 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions.12 years ago
- Soil solution data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. Variables measured include pH, conductivity, alkalinity, aluminium, calcium, chloride, ammonium, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphorous, potassium, sulphate sulphur, sodium, total nitrogen and total dissolved phosphorous. These data are collected by suction samplers at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous fortnightly records from 1992 to 2015. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- Future Flows Climate (FF-HadRM3-PPE) is an eleven-member ensemble climate projection for Great Britain at a 1-km resolution spanning from 1950 to 2098. It was specifically developed for hydrological application and contain daily time series of Available Precipitation, which is the precipiated water available to hydrological processes after delays due to snow and ice storage are accounted for; and monthly reference Potential Evapotranspiration calculated using the FAO56 method. Future Flows Climate is derived from the Hadley Centre's Regional climate projection ensemble HadRM3-PPE based on 11 different variants of the regional climate model run under the SRES A1B emission scenario. HadRM3-PPE is underpinning the UKCP09 products. Bias correction and spatial downscaling were applied to the total precpitation and air temperature variables before Future Flows Climate APr and PE were generated. The development of Future Flows Climate was made during the partnership project 'Future Flows and Groundwater Levels' funded by the Environment Agency for England and Wales, Defra, UK Water Research Industry, NERC (Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and British Geological Survey) and Wallingford HydroSolutions.12 years ago
- Stream water discharge data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. The data (stage and discharge) are collected by loggers at ECN's terrestrial sites (where a stream is present) using a standard protocol. They represent continuous 15-minute records from 1993 to 2015. The sites at which these data are collected are: Glensaugh, Moor House - Upper Teesdale, Sourhope, Wytham and Y Wyddfa (Snowdon). ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- This is the 25m rasterised land parcels dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2017 (LCM2017) representing Great Britain. It describes Great Britain's land cover in 2017 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset was derived by rasterising the corresponding LCM2017 land parcels dataset into 25m pixels. It is provided as a 3-band, 8-bit integer raster. The first band is the UKCEH Land Cover Class identifier. Bands 2 and 3 are indicators of classification confidence. For a fuller description please refer to the product documentation. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset includes rainfall, cloud and stream hydrochemistry of the Plynlimon research catchments in Mid Wales. The data cover the period from June 2011 to March 2016. Sampling was weekly from June 2011 to December 2011 and then fortnightly from January 2012. Data for the whole period are presented for major anions and cations, pH, conductivity, alkalinity and in-situ measurements such as water temperature and stream flow. From June 2011 to March 2013 data are also presented for a range of metals. Data are presented for the whole period for six stream locations and one rainfall site. Data are also for presented for two streams, Nant Iago and Tanllwyth and one cloud site for the period from June 2011 to July 2012. Stream samples were taken using a grab technique. Rain samples were collected using bulk precipitation collectors. Cloud samples were collected using a Centre of Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) Edinburgh pattern lidded harp type passive collector. This data presented follow on from the hydrochemical data presented in the dataset Plynlimon research catchment hydrochemistry (44095e17-43b0-45d4-a781-aab4f72da025) Fieldwork was carried out by CEH members of staff trained in the fieldwork techniques required. Chemical analysis was carried out by qualified CEH chemists at laboratories at CEH Lancaster and CEH Bangor. The Plynlimon research catchments lie within the headwaters of the River Severn and the River Wye in the uplands of mid-Wales. Intensive and long-term monitoring within the catchments underpins a wealth of hydrological and hydro-chemical research. Monitoring is funded by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, and is ongoing since 1968.12 years ago
- This dataset provides the details of all sites on which butterflies have been monitored as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). This includes all standard UKBMS transect sites, Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) sites and targeted species survey sites (timed counts, single-species transects, larval web and egg counts). Data includes the location within the UK, the length and number of sections for the butterfly transect on each site and the number of years each transect has been monitored. The location of some sites are sensitive and are excluded from this dataset. A full set of UKBMS monitoring sites is available in a separate dataset requested via the UKBMS website. The UKBMS started in 1976 with fewer than 50 sites. Since then the number of sites monitored each year has increased to several thousand. There are year new sites each and a small number where the transect is no longer surveyed. Details of this are provided in the site dataset in the form of the first and last year in which each site was surveyed. The majority of site data is provided by recorders at the time a transect is created. Site data are crucial in order to determine where extra recording effort is required and to investigate where butterfly populations are changing most and thus where conservation should be targeted, including across different habitat types. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a 1km resolution raster version of the Land Cover Map 2007 for Northern Ireland. Each 1km pixel represents the dominant aggregate class across the 1km area. The aggregate classes are aggregations of the target classes, broadly representing Broad Habitats (see below). The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2007. LCM2007 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2007 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions.12 years ago
- The dataset contains time series observations of meteorological and soil physics variables logged at one minute time resolution at three Land Surface Stations in India. The three INCOMPASS Land Surface Stations were located at: (1) agricultural land in Southern Karnataka (Berambadi); (2) the University of Agricultural Sciences in Dharwad in northern Karnataka; and (3) a semi-natural grassland at the Indian Institute of Technology in Kanpur (IITK), Uttar Pradesh. Observations were collected under the Interaction of Convective Organization and Monsoon Precipitation, Atmosphere, Surface and Sea (INCOMPASS) Project between January 2016 and January 2019.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of growth (length) data on Pike (Esox lucius) from net sampling in Windermere. Data collection began in 1944. The data were initially collected by the Freshwater Biological Association (FBA) but have been collected by CEH and its predecessor Institute of Freshwater Ecology (IFE) since 1989.12 years ago
- This dataset provides the location details of Environmental Change Network (ECN) sites from which data are collected. There are 12 terrestrial sites and 45 freshwater sites. Sites range from upland to lowland, moor land to chalk grassland, small ponds and streams to large rivers and lakes. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. A wide range of integrated physical, chemical and biological variables which drive and respond to environmental change are collated, quality controlled and made freely available for scientific research. The data form an important evidence base for UK environmental policy development. ECN is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- This dataset contains nutrient chemistry data from 14 lakes in the Arctic region: 4 in Russia and Alaska and 3 in Greenland and Norway. Nutrient chemistry was measured on one occasion only at each lake, with date of collection ranging from 01/04/2011 to 14/03/2014. The following nutrients were measured: total phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphorus, total nitrogen, nitrate, ammonium, chlorophyll a, silicate, sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, sulphate, chloride and dissolved organic carbon. All nutrients were measured using standardised methods and the same methods were used between lake samples. The data were collected as part of the Lakes and the Arctic Carbon Cycle (LAC) project, which is funded under NERC's Arctic Research Programme.12 years ago
- The dataset contain insect numbers, plant biomass, successful attacks of parasitoids, and behavioural response of parasitoids. The data are based on direct observations of insects and plants in field and laboratory experiments testing for the impact of different intensities of artificial light at night on an experimental insect food web with control (no light), and white LED light with 0.1,1,5,10,20,50,100 lux. Data collection was done in a field site, and controlled temperature room at Penryn Campus of University of Exeter, Penryn, UK. The field experiment was set up on 29th July 2016 and ran for nine weeks, while the additional experiments were conducted between summer 2016 and spring 2018. The data have been sampled as part of the NERC project NE/N001672/1 'Effects of artificial light on multi-trophic population dynamics'.12 years ago
- This dataset is from five boreholes located on an improved grassland hillslope transect within the Pontbren study site in mid-Wales, UK. Groundwater was measured using pressure transducers installed in each of the boreholes with a pressure transducer used to account for variations in barometric pressure. Groundwater monitoring was carried out between 2005-2009 as part of the Pontbren Catchment Study Land Use and Management Multi-Scale Experimental Programme. Boreholes 1 and 2 are located in the improved grassland field immediately above the Bowl study site, borehole 3 is located within the Bowl study site and boreholes 4 and 5 are located in improved grassland field below the Bowl, known as the hillslope with tree shelterbelt. Data is presented in terms of height of water (cm) relative to the soil surface. Groundwater temperature (deg C) is also given. Groundwater height was initially sampled every 10 minutes until October 2006 when it was changed to sampling every 30 minutes. Groundwater was measured in all 5 boreholes up until March 2008 at which point sampling was reduced to measurements taken from borehole 3 up until the end of 2009. Within the 'Pontbren Groundwater' dataset folder there are five other sub-folders which contain the dataset from the respective boreholes. Data are provided in the form of .txt files and generally split into 6 month blocks. Associated with each data point in the .txt file is a quality assurance code, QA code, in the adjacent column. Details of the dataset, the quality assurance coding system and monitoring locations are provided in the supporting documentation. Also provided are the details of the borehole logs at the time they were drilled. Other measurements taken at the bowl and hillslope study site include monitoring runoff from an improved grassland field in the form of overland and drain flow, soil water tension, soil volumetric moisture content, groundwater height and precipitation. Datasets of these other parameters are also provided by the EIDC.12 years ago
- Geographic distances between pairs of wild bumblebee colonies across an agricultural landscape centred on the Hillesden Estate, Buckinghamshire, UK. Colony locations were estimated using the foraging locations of workers sampled in summer 2011, genotyped and grouped into full-sib families. The spatial structure of five Bombus species (Bombus terrestris, B. lapidarius, B. pascuorum, B. hortorum and B. ruderatus) was determined, with inter-colony distances varying from 7 to 5264 metres. Data were collected as part of a project led by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, funded under the Insect Pollinators Initiative.12 years ago
- This dataset contains calculated return rates for five seabird species from representative colonies on the Isle of May, off the East coast of Scotland. Annual return rates are measured as the number of individually colour marked individuals seen in any one year that were also observed in the previous year for the Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica), common guillemot (Uria aalge), razorbill (Alca torda), European shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) and black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). Not every individual is seen in any one year and the data set does not take into account those missed in any previous years hence these data are not to be treated as survival estimates. In the dataset, each year is represented by a single row of data, there are five columns showing the calculated return rates for each species (indicated by its common name and suffixed 'RR'). The figure quoted in any row is the proportion of marked birds which are observed by the end of the stated breeding season. Each row also contains the number of individuals seen in that year and the number seen in the previous year, taking into account new individuals which are marked.12 years ago
- The dataset details surface sediment chlorophyll concentrations across six intertidal sites in the winter and summer of 2013. Chlorophyll concentrations in surface sediments (<2mm) provide a quantitative measure of the microphytobenthos (MPB) community present. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England, each of these sites consisted of a saltmarsh area and adjacent mudflat area, twenty two sampling quadrats were placed on each area. Five replicate sediment samples were taken at each quadrat and then underwent acetone extraction of pigments followed by spectrophotometer analysis of absorptions at relevant wavelengths. Values for chlorophyll a, b and c1+ c2 are expressed as micrograms per gram of sediment. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This data set contains nematode community data for soil samples collected from two different land uses (farmland and forest) in the Peri urban area of Ningbo China. Samples were collected seasonally between April 2017 and January 2018. Nematodes were removed from soil using density centrifugation, DNA extractions were then carried out on these extracted nematodes and directed TRFLP was used to obtain a measure of nematode community structure. Data are relative fluorescence for each TRFLP peak and have been Hellinger transformed.12 years ago
- Collated indices are a relative measure of butterfly abundance across monitored sites in the UK, calculated from data collected by the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Collated indices are calculated annually for each individual butterfly species that has been recorded on five or more sites in that year. Based on this criterion collated indices have been calculated for the entire UKBMS time series from 1976 to the current year for the majority of species. For some rarer species the time series starts in a later year due to lack of data. Collated indices are calculated using a statistical model that accounts for missing data. The number of sites for each species ranges from 5 to several hundred and varies from year to year. Since 2008 more than 1,000 sites have been monitored across the UK each year. Collated indices are calculated so that we can determine how butterfly populations are changing over time across the UK. This data can be used, for example, to determine where to target conservation efforts and to measure the condition of the UK countryside. Butterflies are recognised as important indicators of biodiversity and environmental change (e.g. as official UK Biodiversity Indicators), and have been used in numerous research studies to understand the impacts of changes in climate and the extent and condition of habitats. Although the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of the Collated indices, the collection of the data used in their creation is ultimately reliant on a large volunteer community. The UKBMS is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). This dataset is updated annually and more recent versions of the UKBMS collated indices are available.02 years ago
- This dataset contains a timeseries of pressure (dbar), sea pressure (dbar), and depth (m), within the inner regions of four UK estuaries: Conwy, Dyfi, Milford Haven and Kent. Data was collected between 2020 and 2023. The temporal resolution is either 1s or 10 s. Specific information on the data locations, deployment methods, units and reference levels, data structure, and quality control can be found in the accompanying supporting documentation (read_me.docx).12 years ago
- This data set comprises plant species, habitat and land cover types, and major biota present, collected during an ecological survey of marginal uplands in the English county of Cumbria, using standardised survey methods. The survey was undertaken by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (a forerunner of the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology) in 1978 within a stratified random set of sites. In total, up to 262 plots were surveyed from within 52 x 1km squares.12 years ago
- This is the 25m rasterised land parcels dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2019(LCM2019) representing Northern Ireland. It describes Northern Ireland's land cover in 2019 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset was derived by rasterising the corresponding LCM2019 land parcels dataset into 25m pixels. It is provided as a 3-band, 8-bit integer raster. The first band is the UKCEH Land Cover Class identifier. Bands 2 and 3 are indicators of classification confidence. For a fuller description please refer to the product documentation. LCM2019 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2019. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2019. LCM2019 was simultaneously released with LCM2017 and LCM2018. These are the latest in a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Northern Ireland (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps LCM2000, LCM2007 and LCM2015. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The dataset consists of observations of aboveground biomass, canopy area, maximum height, stem diameter and sapwood area of Juniperus monosperma (Oneseed Juniper) trees, measured at a site in central New Mexico in 2018 and 2019. In total, 200 stems for sapwood area were measured, and 18 trees for full biomass determinations.12 years ago
- Rainfall, throughfall and stemflow for beech and ash stands in temperate English deciduous woodlandsWater quality data produced from rainfall, throughfall and stemflow samples collected within a beech stand at Black Wood in Hampshire, and an ash stand at Old Pond Close in Northamptonshire. Two studies were carried out in the early 1990s to examine water quality in relation to hydrological and pollution changes. Chemical analysis involved a combination of electrometric (pH), inductively-coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (most major, minor and trace elements), atomic absorption spectroscopy (potassium), ion chromatography (major anions and fluorine) and colourimetry (ammonium and silicon).12 years ago
- Carbon and nitrogen content (g per g soil) of the free-light fraction (LF), the occluded particulate fraction (OF), the mineral associated organic matter fraction (MAOM), the particulate organic matter (POM = LF+OF), soil organic carbon (SOC), total soil nitrogen (TN) and soil organic matter (SOM from loss-on-ignition) of 100 topsoil samples (0-15 cm) from the UKCEH Countryside Survey 2019/20 are presented.12 years ago
- This data set includes counts of soil meso-fauna collected from topsoil within a wide range of land use types across Wales, collected as part of the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP). Meso-fauna include collembola (springtails) and acari (mites). The monitoring programme was set up by the Welsh Government in 2013 to monitor the effects of the Glastir agri-environment scheme on the environment and ran from 2013 to 2016. The field survey element was based on a stratified random sampling design of 300 x 1km square sites across Wales, and was managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- Dataset comprising data on the lifetime reproductive success (LRS) of 879 individually marked long-tailed tits Aegithalos caudatus, a cooperatively breeding passerine. LRS is measured in terms of the number of local recruits into the breeding population in the study area, controlling for fledgling sex and extra-pair paternity. LRS data are then partitioned into direct and indirect fitness components, quantified as genetic equivalents. Partitioning of fitness follows Hamilton’s definition of inclusive fitness: (a) direct fitness is measured as the production of offspring, stripped of the social effect of helpers on productivity; (b) indirect fitness is calculated from the mean marginal effect of a helper on productivity, adjusted for helper relatedness. Inclusive fitness is calculated by summing direct and indirect fitness.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information about the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition (δ18O, δ2H and d-excess) of waters within the Five Lakes of Mikata catchment. Datapoints span March 2011 – January 2012 and July 2020 – July 2022. Samples include precipitation on an event-basis, weekly river water and weekly lake water. To accompany the precipitation isotope composition data, total precipitation and average temperature during each subsampling period is provided. Water temperature and salinity variations with depth within Lake Suigetsu on six dates across the 2020 – 2022 sampling interval are also given. This data was collected to determine if catchment water composition reflects East Asian Monsoon variability. This work was supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Project (DP200101768), a JSPS KAKENHI Grant (19K20442) and the NERC IAPETUS2 Doctoral Training Partnership.02 years ago
- This dataset consists of a vector layer (based on 1 by 1° grid), of modelled daily surface nitrogen dioxide (NO2, ug m-3). A seasonal average value per grid cell was calculated for the grassland growing season (mid-April to mid-July), for the USA and UK, in 2018.12 years ago
- Soil state and environmental parameters across geo-linked sampling locations on grassland, UK (2016)Data are presented for soil state and environmental parameters of soil samples collected from paired intensive and extensive grassland systems, including low and high pH parent soils, from 32 sites across the United Kingdom. The samples were collected during winter and spring 2015-2016 by project staff experienced in soil core collection. Samples were subdivided for subsequent analysis of total Nitrogen, total Carbon, total organic Carbon, total Phosphorus, soil pH, soil moisture, loss on ignition, sand, silt, clay texture, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra and bulk density. The data were collected to help understand soil functional change in a variety of management and climatic scenarios as part of NERC U-GRASS (Understanding and enhancing soil ecosystem services and resilience in UK grass and croplands) award (NERC Reference NE/M017125/1) part of the NERC Soil Security Programme.12 years ago
- This is a 25m pixel data set representing the land surface of Great Britain, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. It is a three-band raster in GeoTiff format, produced by rasterising three properties of the classified land parcels dataset. The first band gives the most likely land cover type; the second band gives the per-parcel probability of the land cover, the third band is a measure of parcel purity. The probability and purity bands (scaled 0 to 100) combine to give an indication of uncertainty. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2021 products are available from the LCM2021 product documentation accompanying this dataset.12 years ago
- This dataset details the paternity of progeny from Eschscholzia californica plants introduced to habitats comprising different floral cover. Data was collected in June 2015 at the Hillesden estate, Buckinghamshire, UK. Plants were genotyped at seven microsatellite markers before being introduced across the study site to form experimental arrays. Experimental arrays comprised of three E.californica plants separated by 1m and arranged in a triangular formation. A total of sixteen arrays were introduced across four 100 hectare replicate blocks, each separated by >500m. At the centre of each block, four experimental arrays were placed at 50m intervals along a 150m transect laid symmetrically across the boundary between an established wildflower patch and bare, fallow ground or grazed grassland (two arrays within the florally rich habitat and two arrays within the florally poor habitat). Upon maturation approximately 10 seeds were collected from each plant and genotyped. Fragment analysis was conducted and alleles were scored on Genemarker. Seeds were then manually scored as outcrossed or selfed and paternity was determined using Cervus. The dataset was part of a larger experiment looking at the effect of floral resources on the pollination services to isolated plants.12 years ago
- Microsatellite data for five species of common and declining bumblebee (Bombus terrestris, B. lapidarius, B. pascuorum, B. hortorum and B. ruderatus) collected across the Hillesden Estate, Buckinghamshire, UK, in summer 2011. Worker genotypes were determined from individuals sampled across an agricultural landscape and queen genotypes were reconstructed from sampled worker offspring. Data were collected as part of a project led by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, funded under the Insect Pollinators Initiative.12 years ago
- This data set comprises weekly water quality monitoring data of seven sites along the River Thames, UK, and sixteen of its major tributaries from March 2009 to September 2017. Parameters measured were phosphorus and nitrogen species, dissolved reactive silicon, water temperature, pH, Gran alkalinity, suspended solids, chlorophyll and major dissolved anions (fluoride, chloride, bromide, sulphate) and cations (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron). Dissolved and total iron, manganese, zinc and copper concentrations have also been produced from August 2010 to February 2013. The accompanying daily river flow data are also supplied. Samples were taken as part of the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology's Thames Initiative monitoring programme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Data are presented showing for individual seedling, herbivory damage at the leaf level; galls, pathogens, trail herbivory presence/absence qualitative data; and leaf mortality. Data were collected in each leaf from a plot based fertilisation experiment. The experiment was carried out at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) approximately 100 km north of Manaus. Data were collected bimonthly from February 2019 to January 2020, by the dataset first author. Leaf loss in percentage was made using the choice for direct visual estimate. We also followed the recommendations proposed by the authors, sectoring the leaves with a millimetre grid, improving measurement accuracy. The presence of Galls, pathogens and trail herbivory presence/absence qualitative data were also collected in each leaf. The work was carried out as part of the Amazon Fertilization Experiment (AFEX), funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Award reference NE/L007223/1, the Brazilian government (Researcher scholarship) and the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP - logistical support and camps maintenance).12 years ago
- The number and type of pollinators in winter-sown oilseed rape fields (Brassica napus L.) in relation to local plant diversity (in crop and field margin) and landscape characteristics. Pollinators were collected using two methods (pan traps and transects). Local plant diversity was assessed using quadrats in field margins and in cropped area. The presence of hedges was also recorded. Landscape characteristics included the presence of patches of grassland of different biodiversity levels and the amount of grasslands and other semi natural habitat within a 0.5 - 3km radius circular buffer of the collection points. Data were collected over two years (2014-2015). These data were collected as part of Wessex BESS project, funded by the NERC Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability research program. This dataset can be used in conjunction with other Wessex BESS WP4 datasets.12 years ago
- This data set includes a range of physico-chemical properties measured from topsoil within a wide range of land use types across Wales, collected as part of the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP). The properties included are: soil organic matter (loss on ignition (LOI)), derived carbon concentration, total soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen, total soil phosphorous, Olsen-phosphorous (within improved land only), pH, electrical conductivity, soil bulk density of fine earth, fine earth volumetric water content when sampled and soil water repellency - water drop penetration time. The monitoring programme was set up by the Welsh Government in 2013 to monitor the effects of the Glastir agri-environment scheme on the environment and ran from 2013 to 2016. The field survey element was based on a stratified random sampling design of 300 x 1km square sites across Wales, and was managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- Net ecosystem exchange and methane fluxes were measured from a hemi-boreal ombrotrophic fen in Southern Sweden. An automated chamber system, SkyLine2D, was used to measure the fluxes near-continuously from August 2017 to September 2019. Four ecotypes were identified: sphagnum (Sphagnum spp), eriophorum, heather and water, to assess how these different ecotypes would respond to drought. The 2018 drought allowed comparison of fluxes between drought and non-drought years (May to September), and their recovery the following year.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of hourly lake temperature, air temperature, solar irradiance and wind speed data from an automatic water monitoring buoy on Bassenthwaite Lake, a lake in the North West of England. The lake temperatures are measured in various depths of the lake (see supporting documentation). Measurements were taken every 4 minutes and calculated as hourly averages. The data were collected by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology between 2012 and 2015 inclusive. This dataset has been used in various publications, please see supporting documentation for more detail.12 years ago
- The dataset contains instantaneous fluxes of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide from intact lysimeters in agricultural grasslands in the Hampshire Avon catchment (UK). Manipulations of soil temperature, soil water saturation, additions of nitrogen, phosphorus and of nitrogen and phosphorus were made at three orthogonal experiments in three sub-catchments of contrasting geology (chalk, clay and greensand). Fluxes of carbon dioxide were directly measured continuously during 2014 and 2015 using automated chamber approach, and fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide were measured in 'campaign' mode. Flux measurements consisted of chamber closure for 180 seconds, except when in 'campaign' mode when measurement periods were extended to 300 seconds.12 years ago
- The dataset details particle size of sediments across six intertidal sites in the winter and summer of 2013. The data provide a quantitative measure of the sediment particle size fractions present within surface sediments (up to a depth of 2 cm). Three sites were located in Essex, South East England and the other 3 in Morecambe Bay, North West England. Each site consisted of a saltmarsh habitat and adjacent mudflat habitat. 22 sampling quadrats were placed in each habitat covering four spatial scales. three replicate samples of surface sediment were collected at each quadrat. They were then processed using laser particle size analysis. Values are expressed as different metrics of particle size and as specified size fractions as percentages of the total. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- A systematic review of common measurement methods of global soil protease activity between 1970-2020The dataset contains global soil protease activities and common methodological parameters (i.e. fluorometric and colorimetric analysis) used to measure soil protease activity between 1970-2020. The dataset also includes key environmental parameters that affect protease activity i.e. soil type, soil pH, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, soil organic carbon, and clay content.12 years ago
- This dataset contains the input data and settings needed to run a Community Water Model (CWatM) of the Ebro River basin in Spain. The input data include: an elevation model of the catchment, flow direction map, river routing, lakes and reservoirs, soils, groundwater, land cover, crop coefficients population and GDP, and water demands for irrigation, livestock, industry, and domestic sectors. CWatM is a distributed hydrological model simulating the water cycle at global and local levels maintained by IIASA BNR Water Security group. The model was used to assess water supply and demand, and environmental needs, including water management and human influence within the water cycle in the Ebro River basin.12 years ago
- This data product combines macroinvertebrate taxonomic abundance for 1,519 monitoring sites across English rivers for the period between 1965 and 2018, with concentrations of 41 water quality determinands, river flow measurements and air temperature derived values. It also includes site variables such as sewage effluent exposure, habitat quality, land cover in the upstream catchment and other physical parameters measured at the sampling point such as altitude, slope, distance from source, width and depth of the channel, and type of substrate. Developed as part of the ChemPop (2018-2023), a NERC-funded project investigating the impact of chemical exposure on wildlife populations in rivers, this research output is an open data product for use in a broad spectrum of environmental data and modelling analyses.12 years ago
- Dataset contains images recorded during a trial of Automated Monitoring of Insects (AMI), Automoth and Diopsis camera systems. The images were taken at five sites in Barro Colorado Island, Panama, during night-time hours from the 23rd to the 26th of January 2023. The parties involved in data collection are listed in the author section.12 years ago
- This dataset contains measurements of hydraulic head and saturated hydraulic conductivity together with porewater chemistry from banks and riverbed sediments in six river reaches of contrasting geology (clay, sand, chalk) in the Hampshire Avon. Falling and rising (slug) test data were used for computation of saturated hydraulic conductivity. Hydraulic head measurements were obtained from pressure transducers installed in piezometers between Summer 2013 and Summer 2015. Samples for porewater chemical analysis were collected from porewater sampling tubes on the piezometer network between Summer 2014 and Summer 2015.12 years ago
- These data are from an investigation of the effects of biochar application to soil, on soil greenhouse gas emissions and N transformations within the soil. Biochar is a carbon rich substance which is being advocated as a climate mitigation tool to increase carbon sequestration and reduce nitrous oxide emissions. The data were collected during a 15N pool dilution incubation to investigate the nitrogen transformations within biochar-amended soil following the addition of 15N-labelled ammonium nitrate. Analyses included 15N content of nitrous oxide and 15N content of soil. The N transformations were then modelled using a model for calculating nitrogen fluxes in soil using 15N tracing (FLUAZ model).12 years ago
- This dataset includes stream and rainfall hydrochemistry of the Plynlimon research catchments in Mid Wales. The data cover the period from March 2016 to March 2019. Sampling was carried out fortnightly from March 2016 to July 2017. From August 2017 to November 2018 stream samples were collected every four weeks and the rain sample every two weeks. From December 2018 onwards all samples were collected every four weeks. Data are presented for major anions and cations, pH, conductivity, alkalinity, in-situ measurements of water temperature and stream flow for the six stream locations, and air temperature and volume for the rainfall sites. Stream samples were taken using a grab technique and filtered in the field. Rain samples were collected using bulk precipitation collectors. Fieldwork was carried out by CEH members of staff trained in the fieldwork techniques required. Chemical analysis was carried out by qualified CEH chemists at laboratories at CEH Lancaster and CEH Bangor. The Plynlimon research catchments lie within the headwaters of the River Severn and the River Wye in the uplands of mid-Wales. Intensive and long-term monitoring within the catchments underpins a wealth of hydrological and hydro-chemical research. Monitoring is funded by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, and is ongoing since 1968.12 years ago
- This dataset includes a description of the flora on Somerford Mead, Oxford for the period 1987 to 2014. During the period 1991 to 2014, a grazing experiment was conducted on the meadow, in which individual plots were either grazed by sheep, grazed by cattle or left ungrazed following the annual hay cut. The data consist of list of all plant species found at sample locations within each plot together with an estimate of abundance.12 years ago
- This dataset contains weather conditions, water quality, water chemistry and crustacean zooplankton counts sampled at Loch Leven throughout the year 2021. Loch Leven is a lowland lake in Scotland, United Kingdom. The data were collected as part of a long-term monitoring programme, which began in 1968 and is still underway. Sampling occurs roughly every 2 weeks with laboratory analysis and data processing being performed at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Edinburgh site. The sampling and processing was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The data resource contains daily time-series of simulated streamflow, ground water levels and estimated demands, from humans, livestock and irrigation across the Narmada Basin, India. The data were generated using the Global Water Availability Assessment (GWAVA) Model 5. For the Upper Narmada, a baseline of 1970-2013 is presented along with a future time slice of 2028- 2060. For the whole Narmada, a baseline of 1981-2013 and future period of 2021-2099 is included. The data were produced to help predict how climate and land use change in the region would impact on future water security. The research was funded by NERC research grant NE/R000131/112 years ago
- Water quality data from 26 Ribble and Wyre river basin sites in north west England. Samples were analysed for major solutes, pH, Gran alkalinity, trace metals, mercury and chlorophyll.12 years ago
- This dataset contains first egg dates for great tits (Parus major) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) from Monks Wood, Brampton Wood and Wennington Wood in Cambridgeshire, England, over a 22 year period. The dataset runs from the breeding season in 1993 to the end of the breeding season in 2014. The first egg dates are presented as the number of days from the start date which was set as the 1st April each year. Because the timing of breeding of great tits and blue tits is influenced in large part by ambient temperature and the phenology of their main prey, the data were collected as a measure of spring phenology. These data comprise part of a larger long-term study of the influence of habitat (extent, structure and composition) and landscape factors on abundance, distribution and breeding success of woodland birds in English lowland deciduous woodland.02 years ago
- This dataset contains soil chemical, physical and biological properties for up to six soil layers between 0 and 100 cm, measured once at each of the five long-term grassland-to-woodland land use contrasts across England between November 2018 and March 2019. Each of the plots was further divided into three grids (grassland grids 1 to 3 / woodland grids 4 to 6) with grids 1 and 6 being the furthest apart. The contrast boundary is between grids 3 and 4. In each plot, nine sampling locations were randomly sampled (three in each grid). The five grassland-to-woodland contrasts were located across England: Gisburn (Gisburn-1, Gisburn-2), Alice Holt, Wytham Woods, and Kielder Forest. Common soil physical and chemical properties were measured; field water content, soil water content, electrical conductivity, bulk density, pH in DIW, pH in CaCl2, Loss-on-ignition, total soil carbon, total soil nitrogen, and total soil phosphorus. Less common properties were also measured; extractable soil nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon, soil aggregate sizes, and soil texture. And for specific soil cores these additional following properties were measured; soil density fractions and their carbon and nitrogen contents, cation exchange capacity, Sodium concentration, potassium concentration, calcium concentration, magnesium concentration, and extracellular enzyme activities. Derived metrics resulting from the bioinformatic processing of the raw sequence files are provided as part this dataset. The properties in this dataset are co-located with ANPP estimates, litter layer depth measurements, soil hydraulic measurements (soil water release curves and hydraulic conductivity), earthworm counts and identification. A file is provided to connect all co-located measurements.12 years ago
- Data comprise estimates of activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides (40K, 238U and 232Th series radionuclides) in environmental media (soil and stream sediments and waters) and non-human biota (focusing on the ICRP Reference Animals and Plants). For soil, stream sediments and stream waters data were derived from total K, U and Th concentrations mainly from the ongoing geochemical survey of the United Kingdom (G-BASE), conducted by the British Geological Survey. The geochemical survey data are currently incomplete for England and Wales, but almost complete coverage was obtained for K in stream sediments by using the Wolfson Atlas data for southern England. For U and Th in sediments and K, U and Th in soils, more complete coverage was achieved by geological extrapolation (using relationships between soils/sediments and bedrock/superficial geology). For media and sediments, datasets are provided for both: (i) geometric mean concentrations from measured samples on a 5 x 5 km square basis where data are available; and (ii) extrapolated surfaces covering all of England and Wales. Data for non-human biota are from targeted sampling and analyses and data review.12 years ago
- Data comprise results of systematic live-trapping surveys of small mammals on three types of arable field margin at 30 locations on the Hillesden Estate, Buckinghamshire (UK), for four autumn and four spring periods between 2005 and 2011. Trapping was conducted on standard (cross compliance) field margins, and also on conservation margins (Entry Level Scheme). Data include 3172 trap records of animal captures, including breeding condition, mass (g), and recaptures. Dominant species are Wood Mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus), Bank Vole (Myodes glareolus), Field Vole (Microtus agrestis) and Common Shrew (Sorex araneus), with smaller numbers of Pygmy Shrew (Sorex minutus), Water Shrew (Neomys fodiens) and Harvest Mouse (Micromys minutus). The research was funded by Defra.12 years ago
- The data represent a quantitative measure of aboveground (vegetation) biomass, organic carbon content and aboveground (vegetation) carbon from 144 vegetation samples collected across ten UK saltmarshes between 2019 and 2020. Sites were chosen to represent contrasting habitat types in the United Kingdom, in particular sediment types, vegetation, and sea level history.12 years ago
- Surface water quality data for the Conwy catchment, North Wales are presented. The data cover stream and estuary survey locations sampled manually from 2007 to 2011 at varying intervals between fortnightly and quarterly. Survey locations were selected as draining the main landscape classes in the catchment, which include upland (>300m) and lowland (<300m) environments under trees, moorland or improved agriculture. Also included are a suite of locations on the major rivers, and in the estuary. The purpose of the data is to provide support for estimating loads and testing hypotheses relating to the relationship between subcatchment properties and water quality, and the relative importance of mixing and in-stream processes in influencing downstream water quality. Streams draining peat, with high dissolved organic carbon concentrations, are well represented. Upland drainage is generally acidic, and lowland circum-neutral. The lowland rivers are not heavily contaminated with nutrients, although they show evidence of some loss of nitrates in particular. There is little industry in the catchment beyond agriculture and tourism, though there is some legacy contamination from metal mines in a small part of the catchment. Measurements are provided for major cations and anions, pH, alkalinity, DOC, Al, Fe and conductivity for most samples, with values for a wide range of trace elements for a limited number of samples.12 years ago
- This is the land parcels (polygon) dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2019 (LCM2019) representing Northern Ireland. It describes Northern Ireland's land cover in 2019 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset was derived from the corresponding LCM2019 20m classified pixels dataset. All further LCM2019 datasets for Northern Ireland are derived from this land parcel product. A range of land parcel attributes are provided. These include the dominant UKCEH Land Cover Class given as an integer value and a range of per-parcel pixel statistics to help assess classification confidence and accuracy; for a full explanation please refer to the dataset documentation. LCM2019 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2019. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2019. LCM2019 was simultaneously released with LCM2017 and LCM2018. These are the latest in a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Great Britain (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps LCM2000, LCM2007 and LCM2015. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Time series data of carbon release in disintegrations per minute are presented for different nitrogen and phosphorus treatments with a high molecular weight substrate added as a carbon source to soil samples from six depths (0-15, 15-30, 50-100, 100-150, 150-200 and 250-300 centimetres). Soil cores were collected from a field experiment in the Conwy catchment in July 2016 and returned the laboratories of the School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University. A high molecular weight substrate was added as a carbon source to the samples and the rate of 14C-substrate mineralization measured. All the work was carried out by trained members of staff from Bangor University and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The measurements were taken to improve understanding of the relationship between microbial activity and soil properties and depth of sampling, under differing nutrient availability. The data were collected for the NERC project 'The Multi-Scale Response of Water quality, Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration to Coupled Macronutrient Cycling from Source to Sea' (NE/J011991/1). The project is also referred to as Turf2Surf.12 years ago
- This dataset contains earthworm counts and identification from three long-term grassland-to-woodland land use contrasts across England between 2018 and 2021. Each land use contrast was assigned one grassland and one woodland plot, respectively. Each of the plots was further divided into three grids (grassland grids 1 to 3 / woodland grids 4 to 6) with grids 1 and 6 being the furthest apart. The contrast boundary is between grids 3 and 4. The three grassland-to-woodland contrasts were sampled once: Gisburn (Gisburn-1, Gisburn-2), and Kielder Forest. The earthworms were counted in 25 cm3 soil cubes and were identified to a species level. These measurements are co-located with estimates aboveground biomass production and litter layer depth, soil physical, chemical and biological properties (0-1 m), and soil hydraulic measurements (soil water release curves and hydraulic conductivity). A file is provided to connect all co-located measurements. This project was part of the UK-SCAPE programme which started in 2018 and was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council as National Capability (award number NE/R016429/1).12 years ago
- This dataset contains information on the location of the count, some environmental variables, and the number of insects of each type counted for the Flower-Insect Timed Count survey as part of the UK Pollinator Monitoring Scheme (PoMS). It covers the years 2017 to 2020 (note that 2017 was a pilot year and has less data than subsequent years). This is version 2 of the dataset; the previous version contained some duplicate data rows, which have been deduplicated in version 2. The “public” FIT Count asks volunteer citizen scientists to count the number of insects, identified into broad taxon groups, seen landing on the flowers of a particular target plant within a 50 cm × 50 cm quadrat during a period of ten minutes. The “1 km square” FIT Count uses the same methodology, but is carried out by PoMS volunteers and staff as part of the PoMS 1 km square survey, which takes place within a randomly allocated set of 1 km squares in England, Scotland and Wales, and also gathers data on pan-trapped insects (see separate dataset). The UK Pollinator Monitoring Scheme is a partnership between the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bumblebee Conservation Trust, Butterfly Conservation, British Trust for Ornithology, Hymettus, Natural History Museum, University of Reading and University of Leeds, working with the Bees, Wasps and Ants Recording Society, wider stakeholders and volunteer networks. PoMS is jointly funded by Defra, the Welsh and Scottish Governments, JNCC and project partners.12 years ago
- This dataset includes measurements of stem radial growth in 20 plots (250 x 10 m each) in the Brazilian Amazon. Study plots were distributed across a gradient of forest disturbance, including: undisturbed primary forests , logged primary forests, logged-and-burned primary forests, and secondary forests. Data were collected from December 2014 until October 2018. In December 2015, during the El Niño-mediated drought, eight of our study plots were affected by understory fires.12 years ago
- The dataset contains daytime and nighttime averages of oxygen production and consumption rates from representative sites at six rivers within sub-catchments of contrasting geology (clay, greensand, chalk) of the Hampshire River Avon catchment (UK). Rates were obtained for the benthic compartment using the non-invasive Aquatic Eddy Co-variance (AEC) and in the water column with sample incubations during seasonal field campaigns conducted between spring 2013 and winter 2014.12 years ago
- This data set consists of freshwater pond quality data for sites across Wales between 2013 and 2016. Data include macrophyte species records, chemistry and water quality metrics, and environmental variables such as pollution, grazing and management from surveyed ponds. Ponds were surveyed within a set of up to 300 x 1km squares across Wales (not all sites contained pond features), collected as part of the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP). The monitoring programme was set up by the Welsh Government in 2013 to monitor the effects of the Glastir agri-environment scheme on the environment and ran from 2013 to 2016. The field survey element was based on a stratified random sampling design of 300 x 1km square sites across Wales, and was managed by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- Phenotypes (growth and phenology) for Scots pine trees in a long-term common garden trial planted in three sites in Scotland, surveyed annually from 2013 to 2020.02 years ago
- Spittle Bug data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. These data are collected by quadrat sampling at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol . They represent continuous annual records from 1993 to 2012. Spittle Bug adults (Philaenus spumarius) are sampled and separated by sex and by colour morph; it is likely that the proportions of morphs are environmentally determined and will therefore be good indicators of environmental change. Spittle bug nymphs are counted and the mean number of nymphs per spittle recorded. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.02 years ago
- Data from 38 experimental sites across the UK and Ireland were collated resulting in 623 separate mineral fertiliser N2O emission factors (EF) estimates derived from field measurements. Data were either i) extracted from published studies in which one aim of the experimentation was to explicitly measure N2O and report EFs after a mineral fertiliser application, or ii) raw data were used from the Agricultural and Environmental Data Archive (AEDA). To find the published data, a survey of literature was conducted using Google Scholar for articles considered ‘recent’ (20 years or fewer), i.e. published after January 1998 and submitted before April 2019. The following search terms and their variations were used: N2O, nitrous oxide, emission factor, mineral fertiliser, ammonium nitrate, urea, nitrification inhibitor, nitrogen use efficiency, agriculture, greenhouse gas, grassland and arable. This search based on keywords was complemented with a search through the literature cited in the articles found and known previous research.12 years ago
- This dataset is the Corine Land Cover (CLC) change map between 2012 and 2018, consisting of 44 classes in the hierarchical three level Corine nomenclature. The Corine land cover changes between 2012 and 2018 for the UK, Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey dataset forms part of the Corine Land Cover Maps collection and is produced within the frame of the Copernicus programme on land monitoring. Corine Land Cover (CLC) provides consistent information on land cover and land cover changes across Europe; this change map is the UK component of the European coverage. This inventory was initiated in 1985 (reference year 1990) and established a time series of land cover information with updates in 2000, 2006 and 2012 being the last iteration. CLC products are based on photointerpretation of satellite images by national teams of participating countries – the EEA member and cooperating countries – following a standard methodology and nomenclature with the following base parameters: 44 classes in the hierarchical three level Corine nomenclature; minimum mapping unit (MMU) of status layers is 25 hectares; minimum width of linear elements is 100 metres; minimum mapping unit (MMU) for Land Cover Changes (LCC) for the change layers is 5 hectares. The resulting national land cover inventories are further integrated into a seamless land cover map of Europe. Land cover and land use (LCLU) information is important not only for land change research, but also more broadly for the monitoring of environmental change, policy support, the creation of environmental indicators and reporting. CLC datasets provide important datasets supporting the implementation of key priority areas of the Environment Action Programmes of the European Union as protecting ecosystems, halting the loss of biological diversity, tracking the impacts of climate change, assessing developments in agriculture and implementing the EU Water Framework Directive, among others. More information about the Corine Land Cover (CLC) and Copernicus land monitoring data in general can be found at http://land.copernicus.eu/.12 years ago
- This dataset contains measurements of herbivory occurrence and herbivory intensity within 21 oil palm dominated sites in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Within each site, herbivory measurements were recorded for Clidemia hirta and Melastoma spp. plants along two 100m transects, one at the forest-oil palm edge and the other in disturbed forest. In addition to herbivory measurement data, the dataset contains measurements of the number of reproductive organs, local density of C. hirta plants and local canopy cover. These data were collected in order to examine evidence for the roles of natural enemy release and biotic resistance in invasion of C. hirta within agricultural landscapes of Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, where C. hirta co-occurs with native species of Melastomataceae.12 years ago
- The data provide information on a number of male cricket behaviours organized according to time and duration of the behaviour. Also included are the mean temperature at the ground level for the duration of each observation.12 years ago
- Data comprise macroinvertebrate count data (identified to species level), trait and classification information, as well as information on macroinvertebrate biomass and site-specific observations (e.g. canopy cover, habitat type, etc.) collected from the South Fork McKenzie river, Oregon, USA in Autumn 2019 and 2020, and winter of 2021 following the Holiday Farm wildfire in Autumn 2020. Samples were collected from restored and unrestored river reaches to quantify the difference in the response of benthic macroinvertebrate response to wildfire. The study was conducted by the University of Nottingham, with data collected by partners from the US Forest Service, Portland State University, Washington State University and Colorado State University. The work was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council.12 years ago
- The dataset consists of long-term vegetation monitoring data from the Hard Hill burning plots sited in the Moor House - Upper Teesdale National Nature Reserve, Cumbria. An experiment to investigate the effects of rotational burning and grazing was initiated in 1954, consisting of a replicated block layout. Initial vegetation recording was carried out in 1961 and 1965 using a quadrat method and DOMIN scale. In 1972 onwards, vegetation was recorded using a pin frame. Data were recorded by staff from the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and its predecessors.12 years ago
- Data were collected in 2015, 2016 and 2017 to provide Digital Surface Models (DSM) for two sections of the South Saskatchewan River, Canada. DSMs were generated using aerial plane images with a 0.06m ground resolution, captured at a height of c. 1500 m from a fixed-wing aeroplane with an UltraCamXp sensor. DSMs were generated as part of NERC project NE/L00738X/1. DSMs were constructed using imagery obtained on four occasions (13th May 2015; 2nd Sept 2016; 8th June 2017; and 12th June 2017). The dataset consists of eight DSMs; one for each of the two river sections on each of the four dates.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of change data for areas of Broad Habitats across Great Britain between 1990 and 1998. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from up to 569 1km squares and scaling up to a national level. The data are summarized as percentage increase or decrease in habitat area per Land Class (areas of similar environmental characteristics) and are in a vector format. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB and using the 'ITE Land Classification' as a method of stratification. The data were collected as part of Countryside Survey, a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The Survey has been carried out at regular intervals since 1978 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. In addition to habitat areas, vegetation species data, soil data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- These datasets provide Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) values of nitrogen, sulphur and base cations deposition for 5x5 kilometre (km) grid squares of the UK averaged over the years 1986 to 2012. The data consist of deposition values for sulphur, oxidised nitrogen and reduced nitrogen, and base cations. Total deposition is the sum of four components calculated separately: wet deposition, dry deposition of gases, dry deposition of particulate matter and cloud droplet deposition. Habitat-specific data are provided for (i) moorland/short vegetation, and (ii) forest. Additionally, the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) is also calculated. The habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances. The work in generating and compiling the dataset has been funded by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and various Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) contracts.12 years ago
- Gridded hydrological model river flow estimates on a 1km grid over Northern Ireland for the period Dec 1980 - Nov 2080. The dataset includes monthly mean river flow, annual maxima of daily mean river flow (water years Oct - Sept), along with the date of occurrence, and annual minima of 7-day mean river flow (years spanning Dec-Nov), along with the date of occurrence (units: m3/s). The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable and ensemble member. To aid interpretation, two additional spatial datasets are provided: a) digitally-derived catchment areas and b) estimated locations of flow gauging stations both on the 1km x 1km grid and c) a 1km x 1km grid identifying majority lake cells. The data were produced as part of UK-SCAPE (UK Status, Change And Projections of the Environment, Work Package 2: Case Study - Water) a NERC-funded National Capability Science Single Centre award.12 years ago
- The dataset details individual species bioturbation potential (BPi) across 6 intertidal sites in the winter and summer of 2013. The data provide an index of bioturbation potential of individual invertebrate species present within the top 10cm of sediment. Three sites were located in Essex, South East England and the other three in Morecambe Bay, North West England. Each site consisted of a saltmarsh habitat and adjacent mudflat habitat. 22 sampling quadrats were placed in each habitat covering four spatial scales. three replicate cores of sediment were collected at each quadrat. They were sieved on a 0.5mm mesh and the macrofauna was removed, identified to species (or appropriate taxon) and individuals were identified to species (or most appropriate taxon), counted and weighed. The resulting abundance and biomass data were then used to calculate BPi of each individual species present within a sample. BPi data for mudflat habitats across Essex and Morecambe are complete, however, saltmarsh data is only available for one full Essex site (Tillingham Marsh), in one season (winter) and across all sites, at the 1m scale. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS). The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset contains RGB photographs acquired from drone surveys. There are 741 harvest plots from 38 surveys at 36 sites around the world. Each site was approximately 1 ha in area. Included with the photographic images are the coordinates of ground control markers, biomass, taxonomic and location data for harvest plots and ancillary metadata. The observations can be used to obtain allometric size-biomass models. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R00062X/1 as part of the project 'Do dryland ecosystems control variability and recent trends in the land CO2 sink?'12 years ago
- This dataset contains includes measurements of trees and lianas stem diameters and status (e.g. alive, dead), and lightning strike data for forest areas within the Ngel Nyaki Forest, collected between June 2018 and July 2021. We investigated tree mortality driven by lightning strikes in a 40-ha area at the Ngel Nyaki Forest Dynamic Plot, located in south-eastern Nigeria. Ngel Nyaki is a submontane forest with an elevation range of 1,588–1,690m and is part of the Smithsonian's Forest Global Earth Observatory (ForestGEO) network. In every census, we measured and tagged all trees and lianas that have a stem diameter at 1.3 m (or above buttresses) of ≥25 cm and notes were taken about the tree's living status (e.g., broken, hollow) or the trees death mode (e.g., uprooted, standing).02 years ago
- Data comprise plot location (latitude, longitude, elevation), taxonomic family and species names and measurements of trees (diameter, height, health). Presence of lianas (vines) and their measurements were also recorded. Funder: NERC - Brazil (CONFAP) Newton Fund: “Dry forest biomes in Brazil: biodiversity and ecosystem services” (NE/N000587/1)12 years ago
- Data comprise meteorological measurements (mean, minimum and maximum daily air temperature, minimum and maximum daily relative humidity, wind speed (kilometres per second at 10metres height), dew point temperature, estimated actual vapour pressure, precipitation, estimated surface resistance, estimated albedo and estimated Potential evapotranspiration (PET)) for the Siksik catchment, North West Territories, Canada for 2013 and 2014. The data were collected under Project HYDRA, a NERC funded UK research project linking Heriot Watt University, the Universities of Durham, Aberdeen and Stirling, and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), Edinburgh. Project HYDRA is part of the UK Arctic Research Programme. Project HYDRA studies sites in Arctic Canada to investigate the biological, chemical and physical controls on the release of greenhouse gases from permafrost into melt water and to the atmosphere and how these emissions will influence global warming.12 years ago
- A subset of the Loch Leven long-term monitoring project dataset. This subset contains data collected from Loch Leven between 1985 and 2007 at three sampling sites in the lake. It includes results of chlorophyll, phosphorus, and silicon analyses as well as conductivity and water temperature measurements. The data relate to water samples taken at fortnightly or monthly intervals. Data available in digital form is described here. Additional data currently held as hard copy, will become available once digitised.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of total weekly catch data of mature Perch (Perca fluviatilis) from trapping at Green Tuft, Windermere, Cumbria, sampled between 1946 and 2012. Perch have been monitored in the north and south basins of Windermere by trapping with variations in sampling sites and efforts from 1943 to the present. The data were initially collected by the Freshwater Biological Association (FBA) but have been collected by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and its predecessor Institute of Freshwater Ecology (IFE) since 1989.12 years ago
- This dataset contains soil respiration data from the Climoor fieldsite in Clocaenog forest, north-east Wales. Measurements began in March 1999 at the field site, and were repeated in approximately bi-weekly intervals until June 2015 (although there are some larger gaps for technical or logistical reasons in this 14 year dataset). The data were collected using 3 different methods/machines over the years: static chambers, soil respiration chamber and Environmental Gas Monitor (EGM)-4 (from PP Systems), and soil respiration chamber and Automated Soil Gas Flux System Li8100 (from Licor Biosciences). The method used is detailed in the data and described further in the supporting documentation. Data was collected by CEH staff and PhD students trained in the use of the different methods / machines. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20-30 years.12 years ago
- The data resource consists of two years of seed rain data for woody plant species in invaded subtropical mountain forests (Yungas). The forests were in the Horco Molle Experimental Reserve and Parque Sierra de San Javier (Horco Molle), Tucumán, Argentina. The data are collected as part of an experiment to investigate the effects of management control of the invasion of the non-native species Ligustrum lucidum on the dynamics of the woody community. The experiments ran from June 2020 to November 2023. Every two weeks, fallen fruits and seeds were collected in fixed traps (surface 0.25 m2 each) located along transects within forest permanent plots. Each permanent plot (240 metres by 140 metres, 3.36 hectares for each plot) had four transects (160 metres long), and 12 traps were deployed within each transect. The placement of seed traps along the transects was informed by in silico experiments in which both the dispersal and management of L. lucidum were simulated and the placement of traps along simulated transects. After simulating different trap placements, the design chosen provided the highest precision and closest fit to the simulated dispersal and management of L. lucidum. After collection, the fruits and seeds were counted and identified at the lowest feasible taxonomic level (species level) in a laboratory using a stereo microscope. Also recorded was if the fruit or seed had some evidence of having been digested by animals. The work was carried out as part of NERC grant NE/S011641/1 'Optimising the long-term management of invasive species affecting biodiversity and the rural economy using adaptive management'.02 years ago
- This data resource consists of two files: (a) 1x1 km resolution Average Accumulated Exceedance (AAE) data summarising the exceedances of acidity critical loads for eight habitats; (b) 1x1 km resolution summarising the exceedances of nutrient nitrogen critical loads for thirteen habitats. The data provide information on the amount of excess acid or nitrogen deposition above the critical load values set to protect acid- and nitrogen-sensitive habitats in the UK. The AAE has been calculated using UK 1x1 km Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) data for 2019-21 (see related data collection). The data were generated under Defra-funded work to assess the potential areas of acid and nitrogen sensitive habitats at risk of adverse impacts from excess atmospheric acid and nitrogen deposition. Reducing the area and amount of critical load exceedance continues to be a driver of Government policy on reducing emissions of acidic and nitrogen-containing air pollutants (sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ammonia).02 years ago
- Data presented here include imagery with ground-sampling distances of 3 cm and 7 cm for March 2019, May 2019 and July 2019. Also included are the corresponding ground-truth training and verification data presented as shapefiles, as well as the classification output and other data relevant to the project such as the width of floral units. The imagery was acquired by Spectrum Aviation using A6D-100c (50mm) Hasselblad cameras with bayer filters, mounted on a Sky Arrow 650 manned aircraft. Ground-truth data for training maximum likelihood classifications and for verifying the accuracy of classifications were gathered within eight days of imagery acquisition. Ground-truth data were acquired from sown field margins and hedgerow surrounding one study field. This dataset was acquired from March to July 2019 at a farm in Northamptonshire, UK. Data were acquired as part of a NERC funded iCASE PhD studentship (NERC grant NE/N014472/1) based at the University of East Anglia and in collaboration with Hutchinsons Ltd. The aim of the research was to map the floral units of five nectar-rich flowering plant species using very high resolution multispectral imagery. Each species constitutes an important food resource for pollinators. The plant species in question were Prunus spinosa, Crataegus monogyna, Silene dioica, Centaurea nigra and Rubus fruticosus.12 years ago
- This dataset contains daily and sub-daily hydrometeorological and soil observations from COSMOS-UK (cosmic-ray soil moisture monitoring network) from the start of the network, in October 2013, to the end of 2015. These data are from 32 sites active across Great Britain during this time, recording a range of hydrometeorological and soil variables. Each site in the network hosts a cosmic-ray sensing probe; a novel sensor technology which can be used, in combination with hydrometeorological data, to calculate the volumetric water content of soil over a field scale. The hydrometeorological and soil data are recorded at a 30 minute resolution and they include neutron counts from the Cosmic-ray sensing probe, humidity and atmospheric pressure data that are used to derive volumetric water content at two temporal resolutions (hourly and daily). Also included are soil heat flux, air temperature, wind speed and net radiation data which are used to derive potential evapotranspiration at a daily resolution.02 years ago
- Averaged outputs from the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model for the Rio Santa and Vilcanota, Urubamba and Vilcabamba catchments in Peru. Averaging was applied over the entire model period from 1980 to 2018. Data includes: - Averaged precipitation and air temperature records and the related standard deviation at a 4km resolution (annually and for each season) for each catchment. Monthly averaged and monthly totals of air temperature and precipitation (averaged over each catchment). - WRF model input elevation for each catchment. - WRF total precipitation and maximum/minimum air temperature at the location of five on-glacier weather stations (Artesonraju Glacier, Shallap Glacier, Cuchillacocha Glacier, Quisoquipina Glacier and Quelccaya Ice Cap) at a daily resolution from 1980 to 2018.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of hourly lake temperature, air temperature, solar irradiance and wind speed data from an automatic water monitoring buoy on Blelham Tarn, a lake in the North West of England. The lake temperatures are measured at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12 m depth (see supporting documentation for more information). Measurements were taken every four minutes and calculated as hourly averages. All data is given in GMT (Greenwich Mean Time). The data were collected by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset contains details of sediment geochemistry, loss-on-ignition and sediment median particle size for two short reservoir cores collected from two reservoirs (Cowbury Dale and Higher Swineshaw), Stalybridge Tameside, Manchester. Cores were collected in 2018 following a severe moorland wildfire (July 2018) in the two reservoir catchments. Cores were collected from the deepest part of the reservoir using gravity coring and sampled at 2.5 mm intervals for analysis. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/S011560/1).12 years ago
- This dataset contains information about hourly temperature variation, phenotypic and genetic change, and change in environmental parameters in a two-year mesocosm study designed to tease apart the impact that phenotypic plasticity and genetic diversity have on rate of adaptation to experimental heatwaves. All data were collected between 2017 and 2019. Thermal data was collected continuously using data loggers. The frequency of natural heatwaves was manipulated using a programmable aquatic mesocosm facility using data collected from real heatwaves from 2006. Phenotypic evolution was tracked using intermittent common garden life-history studies while changes in clone frequency were determined using microsatellite markers to track changes in clone frequency in manipulated populations over two years. Experimental data on zooplankton community dynamics were monitored using intermittent depth integrated sampling of communities in each mesocosm over two years. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/N016017/1).12 years ago
- This dataset contains terrestrial fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and ecosystem respiration (carbon dioxide (CO2)) calculated from static chamber measurements in mature oil palm plantations on mineral soil, managed by Sinar Mas Agro Resources and Technology Research Institute (SMARTRI) and located on the Ujung Tanjung Estate in Riau, Sumatra, Indonesia. Measurements were made monthly, from October 2018 until September 2019. A total of 54 static chambers were installed across nine plots, representing three different understory vegetation treatments: normal complexity (an intermediate-level of understory spraying with herbicide); reduced complexity (spraying of all understory vegetation with herbicides); and enhanced complexity (no herbicide spraying and limited understory cutting). Six chambers were installed in each of the nine plots, resulting in 18 replicates of each treatment. In addition, soil moisture measurements were also taken around each chamber. The dataset was associated with a foreign research permit, issued by Foreign Research Permit Division Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia. As the project spanned two years it was covered by two permits, RISTEK permit number: 323/SIP/FRP/E5/Dit.KI/X/2018 and RISTEK permit number: 8B/TKPIPA/E5/Dit.KI/VIII/2019.12 years ago
- This dataset shows potential carbon storage as modelled for the urban areas of Milton Keynes/Newport Pagnell, Bedford, and Luton/Dunstable, UK. The modelling approach used the ‘InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs) 3.1.0’ ecosystem service model suite, raster land cover maps at two spatial resolutions (5 m and 25 m) and published literature values for carbon storage by land cover. The resulting data are presented in the form of two ‘GeoTIFF’ raster map files (and associated metadata and spatial information files required by software) that can be viewed and manipulated in Geographic Information Software. The units are kg C per square meter. The purpose of the modelling was to help assess and visualise the value that urban green space represents to urban residents and natural systems in just one of many ecosystem services. This research was conducted as part of the larger 'Fragments, Functions, Flows and Urban Ecosystem Services' (F3UES) programme. Detailed methods and results of this analysis are published in: Grafius DR, Corstanje R, Warren PH, et al (2016) The impact of land use/land cover scale on modelling urban ecosystem services. Landsc Ecol 31:1509–1522. doi: 10.1007/s10980-015-0337-7.12 years ago
- Data comprise scores (from 0 to 5) of examples of cultural ecosystem services provided by cockles from Portugal, Spain, France, Ireland and the UK. All data were collected using an a priori framework to classify evidenced examples of services during a face-to-face workshop held in Vigo in north-west Spain, 10th April 2018, with 28 participants from eleven organisations. The workshop was followed up over the following months by smaller country-specific meetings, mostly held by teleconference call or video call and by email. The data were collected as part of a research and industry collaboration, under the COCKLES project ‘Co-operation for restoring cockle shellfisheries and its ecosystem services in the Atlantic Area’, co-funded through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).12 years ago
- This dataset contains the carbon and nitrogen content of soil organic matter fractions collected along grassland-to-forest conversion chronosequences. Four chronosequences of grassland-to-forest conversion were used across Scotland, from Alyth to Craik. Soil samples were collected in summer 2018. Soil samples were collected using soil corers. In 2020, soil samples were fractionated in the laboratory, and the elemental composition of bulk soil and soil fraction samples was determined. The goal of the study was to determine the changes in the quantity of soil organic carbon and nitrogen, and the form in which these carbon and nitrogen are stored.12 years ago
- Data consist of modelled estimates of observed/expected Biological Monitoring Working Party (an index for measuring the biological quality of rivers using selected families of macroinvertebrates as biological indicators) scores for freshwater streams across Great Britain (GB). The BMWP scores (1-10) are based on the principle that macroinvertebrates differ in their perceived sensitivity or tolerance to organic pollution (i.e. nutrient enrichment). Values greater than 1 indicate high water quality. Data pooled across two survey years (1998 and 2007) was used to model the relationships between headwater stream quality and catchment/stream characteristics for headwater streams across GB based on known relationships for headwater streams in Countryside Survey squares. Modelled estimates of stream water quality were based on a Boosted Regression Tree modelling approach .12 years ago
- Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. These data (weight of NO2) are collected by diffusion tubes at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous fortnightly records from 1993 to 2012. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.02 years ago
- The data resource consists of invasive tree species individual responses to mechanical-chemical/chemical treatments on plots established on invaded sub-tropical mountain secondary forests (Yungas). Those plots are in the Horco Molle experimental reserve and Parque Sierra de San Javier (Horco Molle), Tucumán, Argentina. The current database belongs to an experiment that we conducted to investigate management control of the invasion of non-native species Ligustrum and other exotic species to restore native tree diversity from June 2020 to November 2023. The work was carried out as part of NERC grant NE/S011641/1 Optimising the long-term management of invasive species affecting biodiversity and the rural economy using adaptive management.02 years ago
- These data are macroinvertebrate composition and abundance in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as control (no addition). Nylon mesh bags containing deciduous leaves were fixed in both experimental and control reaches to estimate leaf decomposition rates. The macroinvertebrate composition of the nylon mesh bags was surveyed in January 2013 and again in March 2013 in each sampling reach. The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity responds to leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Dr Hugh Feeley, Dr Dan Perkins and Marian Pye were in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the invertebrate samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme12 years ago
- Larval mass and survival data for Meadow Brown butterflies (Maniola jurtina) originating from nine different source populations in the UK and reared under one of two host plant treatment groups (either control or drought stress) in an outdoor insectary at UKCEH under natural environmental conditions. Each individual larva was monitored at three growth check points throughout development: 49 days after hatching (pre-overwintering), 162 days after hatching (post overwintering during larval growth) and 309 days after hatching (late larval growth and pupation phase). Larval masses (mg) were recorded for all individuals that survived up to the second growth monitoring point and the number of larvae that survived until the third growth monitoring point were recorded.12 years ago
- The data offers insights to utility of single particle ultraviolet light- induced fluorescence (UV-LIF) measurements in providing quantification and spatio-temporal characterisation of bioaerosols alongside the size distribution and characteristics of biological materials in airborne particles based on intrinsic bio fluorophores signatures. A novel ultraviolet light-induced fluorescence (UV-LIF) based bioaerosol sensor unit (Spectral Intensity Bioaerosol Sensor (SIBS)) was evaluated. The SIBS measures size, number, shape, and resolved fluorescence emission across 16 wavelength bands from 298 - 735 nm for two excitation wavelengths (285 nm and 370 nm) for single particles in real-time. Measurements entailed the chamber-based studies and real world environments (composting, dairy farms, chicken farms, sewage treatment plants, urban background, agricultural). This data stems as a part of a project (Detection and characterisation of inflammatory agents associated with bioaerosol emitted from biowaste and intensive agriculture) funded by the Natural Environment Research Council [NE/M01163/1]. The award was made under the auspices of the Environmental Microbiology and Human Health programme. The principal purpose was to assess the capabilities of the SIBS to enhance understanding of the bioaerosols emission and dispersion from industrial processes.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements at two sites in a rural location in South Lanarkshire. The sites are located in a dwelling, one site is inside and the other is outside in the garden area. The garden backs onto grassland which is part of a large dairy farm. The ammonia measurements are taken from a set of UKCEH ALPHA® (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) samplers from January 2021 to December 2021. Samplers are exposed in monthly cycles at the beginning of each month.12 years ago
- This dataset includes temperature and precipitation depth measurements in 10 min intervals taken in 2 locations and time periods after forest fires: - Madre del Agua (Tenerife, Spain): 17/11/20 to 19/11/2021 - Thompson reservoir (Victoria, Australia): 28/03/19 to 13/01/2020 Data was collected using RainWise Rainew raingauges coupled to Onset HOBO pendant dataloggers (UA-003-64) to monitor environmental parameters related to runoff occurrence.12 years ago
- This data includes information about nitrogen fixation, phosphatase activity, plant nitrogen and phosphorus demand and soil nitrogen and phosphorus availability of nitrogen-fixing and non-fixing trees from seven species grown in an experimental plantation at the Agua Salud Native Species Plantation, El Giral, Panama (9°12'50.15''N, 79°43'26''W). Data were collected by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Princeton University and were analysed by the University of Leeds. This work was funded by the following organisations: Heising-Simons Foundation, Hoch Family, ForestGEO®, HSBC, Stanley Motta, Small World Institute Fund, Smithsonian Institution's Competitive Grants for Science, Smithsonian Institution's Grand Challenges, National Science Foundation (award reference: EAR-1360391), National University of Singapore, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Yale-NUS college, Princeton University, Princeton Environmental Institute, Princeton Carbon Mitigation Initiative, University of Leeds and NERC (award reference: NE/M019497/1)12 years ago
- This dataset consists of soil physico-chemical properties (pH, loss on ignition, bulk density, moisture content, carbon stock and concentration, total nitrogen, Olsen phosphorus) from soils sampled from up to 591 1km squares across Great Britain in 2007. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey. Please note: the use of Olsen P data, particularly in relation to acidic soils, is controversial. Please ensure these data are suitable for your requirements and exercise caution in their use.12 years ago
- This dataset provides linear trends, over varying time periods, for the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS) Collated Indices of individual butterfly species across the UK. The main statistical values derived from a linear regression (slope, standard error, P-value) are presented for the entire time series for each species (1976 to 2013), for the last 20 years, and for the last decade. In addition a trend class, based on slope direction and its significance, and a percentage change for that time period are provided to describe the statistical trends. These trend data are provided for 59 UK butterfly species. Trends across different time series allow us to determine the long and short-term trends for individual species. This is enables us to focus conservation and research and also to assess species responses to conservation already in place. The Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of this trend datasets. The collection of the underlying UKBMS data is reliant on a large volunteer community. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). This dataset is updated annually and a more recent version of the UKBMS species trends (2014) is now available.12 years ago
- LCM2007 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors. It also covers Northern Ireland and incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a hierarchical nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible, incorporating land cover classes sought by other users. LCM2007 is produced in both vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. This dataset consists of the 25m raster version, Northern Ireland only.12 years ago
- The dataset contains abundance trends for 432 species of moths (mostly macro-moths) estimated using the data collected by Rothamsted Insect Survey (RIS) from their light-trap network between the years 1968 and 2016. The trends were calculated using a Generalized Abundance Index (GAI) model. The trends are presented as year coefficients from the statistical model, Annual Growth Rates (AGR), and the total percentage changes over the time series for each species. For each trend metric 95% and 90% confidence intervals are provided. Two versions of the trends are presented: one using data from all traps in the Britain & Ireland over the period of 1968-2016 and a second dataset restricted to traps in Great Britain over the period of 1970-2016. Data acquisition was partially funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) under research programme NE/N018125/1 Achieving Sustainable Agricultural Systems (ASSIST). ASSIST is an initiative jointly supported by NERC and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). The Rothamsted Insect Survey is funded by the BBSRC under the Core Capability Grant BBS/E/C/000J0200. The research builds upon model development supported by NERC award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The data comprise measurements of the 'soluble', 'chemically exchangeable' and 'isotopically exchangeable' U concentrations in a diverse set of soils following experimental addition of UO22+ and incubation in the laboratory under controlled temperature conditions for ca. 1.7 years. The long term behaviour of U in aerobic soils was studied by conducting a laboratory-based experiment in which a set of twenty topsoils from central England with contrasting properties (e.g. pH, organic matter content, land use) were contaminated with a solution containing UO22+ in soluble form and incubated in the dark, in a moist but aerobic condition, at a temperature of 10 deg C for 619 days. The transformations of U in each soil microcosm were periodically monitored by means of soil extractions conducted on subsamples of incubated soils. The resulting dataset enabled quantification of the kinetics of UO22+ transformations in aerobic soils and the relationships with soil properties and land uses (arable, grassland and moorland/woodland). The dataset will be useful in developing models of long-term U bioavailability in aerobic soils under temperate conditions.12 years ago
- This is a 25m pixel data set representing the land surface, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. It is a three-band dataset in GeoTiff format, produced by rasterising three properties of the classified land parcels dataset. The first band gives the most likely land cover type; the second band gives the per-parcel probability of the land cover, the third band is a measure of parcel purity. The probability and purity bands (scaled 0 to 100) combine to give an indication of uncertainty. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2020 products are available from the LCM2020 product documentation.12 years ago
- This data set includes over 500 individual flux measurements of nitrous oxide (N2O) from a mixed livestock farm, carried out in 2012 and 2013 using a high-precision flux chamber method. Measurements of soil properties are also reported for each individual flux measurement. Soil pH, temperature moisture content, bulk density and ammonia and nitrate concentrations (extracted via the KCl method) are reported in the data. The data represents arable and grazed fields (cattle and sheep) as well as other sources of N2O from agricultural lands such as barns, manure heaps and silage storage. This data was used to assess farms scale emissions of N2O from a variety of sources over four seasons.12 years ago
- The data contains variables related to the diversity and structure of plant communities of cattle-grazed and burned old-growth grasslands and ungrazed and unburned old-growth grasslands located in the northern region of the Cerrado, specifically in the municipality of São Félix do Tocantins, state of Tocantins, Brazil, collected in March and April 2022. Data were collected in 100 plots of 1-m² distributed over ten old-growth grasslands (10 plots per site), of which five were grazed and burned and five ungrazed and unburned.02 years ago
- This dataset consists of the vector version of the Land Cover Map 2015 (LCM2015) for Northern Ireland. The vector data set is the core LCM data set from which the full range of other LCM2015 products is derived. It provides a number of attributes including land cover at the target class level (given as an integer value and also as text), the number of pixels within the polygon classified as each land cover type and a probability value provided by the classification algorithm (for full details see the LCM2015 Dataset Documentation). The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. LCM2015 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. LCM2015 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM2015 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. LCM2015 was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is one of a series of land cover maps, produced by UKCEH since 1990. They include versions in 1990, 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019.12 years ago
- The dataset comprises the erosion rate (percent mass loss per hour) observed in sediment cores (16 centimetre (cm) diameter, 30cm height) subjected to flume tank flow for three 'waterfall' flows (Low, medium, high). Sampling was conducted at six salt marsh sites at four spatial scales: 1 m (the minimal sampling unit) nested within a hierarchy of increasing scales of 1-10 metre (m), 10-100 m and 100-1000 m. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England. The Morecambe Bay samples were taken during the winter and summer of 2013. The Essex samples were taken during the winter, early spring and summer of 2013. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of invertebrate species records, sampled from headwater streams during a survey in 1990. Macro-invertebrates were sampled using standard protocols. The sample area in each stream was a single area of stream-bed whose major habitat types can be sampled within the recommended sampling period of three minutes of active sampling, supplemented by a one minute hand search. The length of river surveyed would normally vary from 5 to 15m. Samples were collected using a standard 1mm mesh pond net and returned to the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (formerly Institute of Freshwater Ecology) for later sorting and identification. Supplemental physical measurements (width, depth, substrate composition) required to run RIVPACS (River Invertebrate Prediction and Classification System) were taken. Data were collected under the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Headwater stream surveys have been carried out in 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of sites. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to headwater stream data, soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data and linear habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- The dataset contains information on soil nutrients including pH, available phosphorus, total phosphorus, texture analysis in sand, clay and silt, and exchangeable Ca, Mg, K, Na. Soil pyrogenic carbon, including Total Organic Carbon (TOC) (%C_(Bulk)), pyrogenic carbon D13C (lower, median, and upper), pyrogenic carbon (Cpyc), Cpyc%/CBulk, organic carbon and soil bulk density and dry weight of roots. The datasets include information about the plot location and parameters of the locality. The data were collected between 2019 and 2022 from 27 forest monitoring plots (0.5 ha each) in five locations along an altitudinal (lowland, mid-elevation, and highland forests) and forest perturbation (low, medium, and high perturbation levels) gradient in Andean ecosystems in Colombia. The objective of this data collection was to determine the change in soil characteristics between the disturbance gradients. This information is important for understanding the drivers of variation in forest resilience and the impacts of disturbance on ecosystem functioning. This data set was obtained within the framework of the BioResilience project, a transdisciplinary investigation that seeks to understand the Resilience of forest ecosystems after the post-conflict period in Colombia. This research was supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council Fund (NE/R017980/1).02 years ago
- Data comprise phytohormone concentrations (plant growth hormones: adenosine, zeatin, isopentenyladenosine, indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid) measured during plant growth experiments in soil and hydroponic growth media in the presence and absence of earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris and Eisenia fetida respectively). Also presented are plant biomass, pH of the hydroponic solution and soil biological activity (concentration of Fluorescein diacetate - a measure of the hydrolytic capacity) at the end of the study. The study was funded by the NERC (Grant number NE/M000648/1). Mass spectrometry was carried out in The York Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry; the centre was created thanks to a major capital investment through Science City York, supported by Yorkshire Forward with funds from the Northern Way Initiative, and subsequent support from EPSRC (EP/K039660/1; EP/M028127/1).12 years ago
- This dataset contains samples and occurrences of insects and flowers collected for the 1 km square survey of the UK Pollinator Monitoring Scheme (PoMS). It covers the years 2017 to 2020 (note that 2017 was a pilot year and has less data than subsequent years). This is version 2 of the dataset; the previous version contained some incorrect values for the summed totals of counted insect specimens, which have been corrected in this version. This survey uses pan-traps positioned on transects within a randomly allocated set of 1 km squares in England, Scotland and Wales. The sample data contains information on the location of the traps, various environmental variables, and the total number of insect specimens collected. The occurrence data for insects contains records of all hoverflies and bees from the traps, identified (wherever possible) to species level. The occurrence data for flowers contains records of all forbs that are in flower within 2 metres of each pan-tap station. (In addition, Flower-Insect Timed Counts are carried out in the same 1 km squares, see separate dataset for these data.) The UK Pollinator Monitoring Scheme is a partnership between the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bumblebee Conservation Trust, Butterfly Conservation, British Trust for Ornithology, Hymettus, Natural History Museum, University of Reading and University of Leeds, working with the Bees, Wasps and Ants Recording Society, wider stakeholders and volunteer networks. PoMS in 2017-2020 has been jointly funded by Defra, the Welsh and Scottish Governments, JNCC and project partners.12 years ago
- This dataset contains barium concentration and stable isotope ratio measurements of the adsorbed and dissolved phases associated with batch laboratory adsorption-desorption reactions using common environmental mineral adsorbents (clay minerals: kaolinite & montmorillonite, iron-oxyhydroxides: goethite and ferrihydrite) and surface waters (river water, groundwater and seawater). The experiments systematically changed several variables (reaction duration, adsorbent concentration, water type and the pre-experiment adsorbent cleaning procedure). Barium concentration and stable isotope ratio measurements of the adsorbed and dissolved phases from two Himalayan rivers (Saptakoshi River and Sunkoshi River) are also provided.12 years ago
- The dataset captures the temporal and spatial variability of dilution factors (DFs) around the world using geographically referenced data sets at 0.5 degree resolution and includes long term annual and monthly DFs grids. The dilution factor (DF) dataset is composed of 13 rasters: 1 annual and 12 monthly. DFs are a critical component in estimating concentrations of 'down-the-drain' chemicals which enter freshwaters following consumer use via the domestic waste water stream (e.g., pharmaceuticals, household cleaning products). The DF is defined as the ratio between flow and total domestic wastewater effluent generated within a catchment. The methodology was specifically developed to be applied across the world even within those countries where river flow data and/or wastewater effluent data is scarce. The present dataset has potential for a wide international community (including decision makers and pharmaceutical companies) to assess relative exposure to 'down-the-drain' chemicals released by human pollution in rivers and, thus, target areas of potentially high risk.02 years ago
- This dataset consists of the 1km raster, percentage target class version of the Land Cover Map 2015 (LCM2015) for Great Britain. The 1km percentage product provides the percentage cover for each of 21 land cover classes for 1km x 1km pixels. This product contains one band per target habitat class (producing a 21 band image). The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. LCM2015 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. LCM2015 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM2015 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. LCM2015 was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is one of a series of land cover maps, produced by UKCEH since 1990. They include versions in 1990, 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019.12 years ago
- This dataset contains time series observations of surface-atmosphere exchanges of net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE), sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE), and momentum (τ) measured at a lowland valley fen located on Anglesey, North Wales, UK. Turbulent flux densities were monitored using the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) technique between 1st January 2015 and 10th October 2018. The dataset includes ancillary weather and soil physics observations, as well as variables describing atmospheric turbulence and the quality of the turbulent flux observations. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The dataset contains time series of dissolved oxygen dynamics and near-streambed light availability from selected riverine sites within the Hampshire Avon catchment (UK). Six rivers within sub-catchments of contrasting geology (clay, greensand, chalk) and associated river morphology were investigated. Data were obtained from field-based measurements in seasonal campaigns conducted between spring 2013 and winter 2014.12 years ago
- The dataset details greenhouse gas fluxes as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) across six intertidal sites in the winter and summer of 2013. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England, each of these sites consisted of a saltmarsh area and adjacent mudflat area, twenty two sampling quadrats were placed on each area. Light and dark incubations were performed using a benthic chamber on seven of the twenty two quadrats of each site. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information about water quality based on faecal indicators at 15 lakes in the Greater Glasgow conurbation, Scotland. Lakes were sampled in winter (2016/17) and summer (2017) with faecal indicators being quantified at high spatial resolution (up to 60 points per lake depending on water body size) in sediment and water from each lake. Faecal indicators were quantified based on standard dilution, membrane filtration and incubation for water, and incubation in bacteria-specific broth, followed by plating and incubation for sediment extracts. Contextual information about water quality, water bird densities, and land cover in different buffer sizes is also provided for each lake. The data were collected to investigate how connectivity and stressors interact to determine biodiversity and ecosystem function in freshwaters. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council grant NE/N006437/1 (Hydroscape: connectivity x stressor interactions in freshwater habitats)12 years ago
- This dataset contains data on pollinating insects, floral resources, and environmental conditions from a pollinator monitoring pilot conducted from 2015. Data were collected from a total of 14 sites across the UK, over four sampling rounds from April to August 2015. Half of the sites visited were dominated by agricultural habitats (e.g. crop fields and pasture) and half were dominated by semi-natural habitats. These data were collected to compare methods for sampling pollinators; compare the capacity of different recorder groups to implement different survey methods; gather feedback from recorders on the survey methods; and generate detailed information on implementation costs and support requirements for each method. Three different types of recorder groups were trialled (researcher, consultant, volunteer) using different combinations of sampling methods (pan trapping, fixed transects pollinator survey, fixed transects flower survey, timed focal flower observations, standardised 'free search' pollinator survey).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a survey of the vegetational impacts of deer in 20 forests as part of the NERC Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. It is widely accepted, at least in principle, that most kinds of natural resources are best handled collaboratively. Collaborative management avoids conflict and enhances the efficiency with which the resource is managed. However, simply knowing that collaboration is a good idea does not guarantee that collaboration can be achieved. In this project, the researchers have addressed issues of conflict and collaboration in ecological resource management using the example of wild deer in Britain. Deer are an excellent example since they highlight problems around ownership and because they offer both societal benefits and drawbacks. Wild deer are not owned, though the land they occupy is. As deer move around, they usually cross ownership boundaries and thus provoke potential conflicts between neighbouring owners who have differing management goals. Deer themselves are valued and a key component of the natural environment, but their feeding commonly limits or prevents woodland regeneration and can thus be harmful to ecological quality. Deer provide jobs but they also provoke traffic accidents. This study used a variety of methods from across the natural and social sciences, including choice experiments, semi-structured interviews with individuals and focus groups. It also incorporated the use of participatory GIS to map deer distributions and habitat preferences in conjunction with stakeholders. The study confirmed conventional wisdom about the importance of collaboration. However, it also showed that there were many barriers to achieving effective collaboration in practice, such as contrasting objectives, complex governance arrangements, power imbalances and personal relationships. Mechanisms for enhancing collaboration, such as incentives and incorporating deer within broader landscape management objectives, were examined. Though these proposals were worked out for the case of deer, they are likely to be applicable much more widely and should be considered in other cases of disputed or rapidly changing ecological resource management. This dataset consists of a survey of the vegetational impacts of deer in 20 forests. The interview and focus group transcripts, and the choice experiment datasets from this study are available at the UK Data Archive under study number 6545 (see online resources). Further documentation for this study may be found through the RELU Knowledge Portal and the project's ESRC funding award web page (see online resources).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of measures of topsoil (0-15 cm) physico-chemical properties from soils sampled from 110 x 1 km squares across Great Britain in 2021 as part of a rolling soil and vegetation monitoring program of 500 1km squares repeated every 5 years. The properties included are: pH, soil organic matter (loss on ignition, LOI), derived carbon concentration and carbon stock (SOC), soil group, soil bulk density of fine earth, soil moisture of wet soil, fine earth volumetric water content (dry), nitrogen concentration and stock, and Olsen-phosphorus concentration. The UKCEH Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and predecessors, with repeated visits to most of the squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way, we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, vegetation species data are also gathered by the current phase of the UKCEH Countryside Survey. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset provides daily estimates of the Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) using data from 46 COSMOS-UK sites across the United Kingdom. One set of estimates is derived from the cosmic ray neutron sensor and provides an estimate of the average SWE within the sensor’s large (>100m) footprint. Other SWE estimates are based on either a snowmelt model, or, for certain sites, either a snow depth sensor or a buried 'SnowFox' neutron sensor. Additionally, daily neutron counts, the albedo, and a collection of figures for each snow event are provided.12 years ago
- The data comprises physiological and yield measurements from an ozone (O3) exposure experiment, during which three varieties of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) were exposed to Low, Medium and High O3 treatments using heated dome shaped glasshouses (solardomes). The Erato orange variety was exposed to the three treatments from June to October 2019 and the Murasaki variety from June to October 2021. The Beauregard variety was grown on two occasions, with treatments from August to October 2020, and June to October 2021. Measurements were taken of leaf stomatal conductance, leaf chlorophyll content index as well as the harvest (fresh) weight of tubers. All measurements were made by the corresponding author. The experiments were carried out in the UKCEH Bangor Air Pollution Facility. This work was carried out as part of the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Long-Term Science Official Development Assistance ‘SUNRISE’ project, NEC06476. Stomatal conductance was found to be significantly reduced in the elevated ozone treatments. Yield for the Erato orange and Murasaki varieties was reduced by ~40% and ~50% (Medium and High, respectively, vs Low) whereas Beauregard yield (2021) was reduced by 58% in both (the tubers for the Beauregard plants grown in 2020 were not fully formed). Sweet potato is a staple food crop grown in locations deemed to be at risk from O3 pollution (e.g. Sub-Saharan Africa), and this dataset adds much needed stomatal conductance and yield data of sweet potato grown under different O3 exposure conditions. This can be used to improve model predictions of O3 impacts on sweet potato, along with associated risk assessments.12 years ago
- The data consists of estimated hourly average inflow discharge (m3s-1) and water temperature (°C) of the inflow of the inner basin of Elterwater (lat: 54.428, long: -3.034) from January 2012 to December 2019. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/ L002604/1).12 years ago
- This set of data describes resilience in microbial communities in samples taken at the Sourhope experimental site in 2001 by the Scottish Crop Research Institute, the University of Aberdeen and Cranfield University. Data were collected during a project funded under the NERC Soil Biodiversity Programme. The NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT8545019630). During the experiment, the site was monitored to assess changes in above-ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- Continuous measurements of temperature, pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen from river water at ten sites located within the rivers Swale, Derwent, Aire, Calder, Trent, Ouse and Nidd. Part of the Land Ocean Interaction Study (LOIS) project. Hydrolab H20 water quality monitors were installed at ten sites and used to log water temperature, pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen between 1994 and 1997. Data were collected continuously at 30 minute intervals (for periods of variable lengths depending on site) between 1994 and 1997. Data were collected using Hydrolab DataSonde 3 continuous monitoring units. Hydrolabs at River Nidd (Hunsingore) and the River Swale (Crakehill) were suspended from trees. The other hydrolabs were located in large steel pipes running from the bank into the rivers which allowed the flow of water over the probes but offered a high degree of safety from damage by vandals and large water borne objects. The units on the Trent and the Ouse at Skelton were fitted with stirrers, as the probes were prone to fouling by the high levels of suspended solids often encountered in these rivers during spate conditions. The deployment of the units and the collection of data were carried out by members of the field sampling team at York University, as part of the Land Ocean Interaction Study (LOIS).12 years ago
- This is a dataset on defensive behaviour in response to simulated intergroup conflict in banded mongooses, collected from a wild population of banded mongooses on the Mweya Peninsula, Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda between 2016-2017. We experimentally simulated conflict between rival social groups of banded mongooses and recorded data on behavioural responses including interaction with the stimulus, defensive behaviours such as standing upright, scent marking, and attacking, and the cohesion of behavioural responses within the group. These data were collected to examine collective defence behaviour in the face of intergroup conflict.12 years ago
- Data collected during field and laboratory experiments to investigate the long-term effects of biochar application to soil on greenhouse gas emissions in a bioenergy plantation (Miscanthus X. giganteus). Analysis included monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O)), soil physical (bulk density and soil moisture ) and soil chemical analyses (total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), extractable ammonium and nitrate). Biochar was applied to plots in a bioenergy plantation and emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O were measured over a two-year period. In addition a laboratory incubation experiment was conducted on soil taken from the Miscanthus field amended with field-incubated biochar to assess the effect on greenhouse gas emissions. Biochar is a carbon rich substances which is being advocated as a climate mitigation tool to increase carbon sequestration and reduce nitrous oxide emissions.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of landscape point feature information for points across Great Britain, surveyed in 1990. Data are presented as rows of information recorded as point features (for example individual trees, water bodies or structures), with associated plant species where relevant, within a set of 506 1km squares across Great Britain, surveyed during the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project (note: not all surveyed squares contained point features). The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to point features, habitat areas, vegetation species data, soil data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset provides the projections of meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural droughts for the near-future period (2021-2050) for the Mun River basin, in Northeast Thailand. Near future drought characteristics (duration, intensity, and severity) are projected for climate change (CC) scenario using 8 CMIP6 climate models (CNRM-CM6-1, CNRM-CM6-1-HR, EC-Earth3P, EC-Earth3P-HR, HadGEM3-GC31-HH, HadGEM3-GC31-HM, HadGEM3-GC31-MM, HadGEM3-GC31-LL) for SSP5-8.5 scenario.12 years ago
- Projections of global changes in water scarcity with the current extent of maize, rice, wheat, vegetables, pulses and fruit production commodities were combined to identify the potential country level vulnerabilities of cropland land to water scarcity in 2050. The data relate to an analysis of the impact changes in water availability will have on maize, rice, wheat, vegetables, pulses and fruit production commodities availability in 2050.12 years ago
- Data comprise radionuclide concentrations in soils and a range of terrestrial vertebrate species (reptiles, small mammals and birds) sampled in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) between 1999 and 2008. Reptiles were collected in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003 and 2007, birds, bats, and small mammals were collected in 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2008. Dose rate data are provided for one study, both as ambient dose rate measurements and also as recorded by thermoluminescent dosimeters attached to small mammal species. The isotopes measured include: Americium-241, Caesium-134 and 137, Cobalt-60, Europium-154 and 155, Potassium-40, Plutonium-238, -239 and -240, Strontium-90. The data were used to assess the concentration of radioactive contamination in soil, consequent uptake of radionuclides by wildlife living in the CEZ and to test prediction of the ERICA Tool assessment model. The data were used to assess the uptake of radionuclides by wildlife living in the CEZ and to derive transfer parameters, and also to test predictions of the assessment model the ‘ERICA Tool’.12 years ago
- Data comprises patterns of diversity in a below-ground community of microarthropods (mites and collembola), measured during a nutrient (calcium and nitrogen) manipulation experiment, located at the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Soil Biodiversity Site in Sourhope, Scotland, UK. Data collected include abundance of microarthropods, and also microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration, wet pH using de-ionised water, soil loss on ignition, dry root biomass, total carbon and nitrogen content of soil and roots and soil moisture content. The data were collected as a component of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Programme, established in 1999 and centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute)'s farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders. During this time, the site was monitored to assess changes in aboveground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- The 3Rs experimental study investigated how trajectories of recovery following a prolonged drought were affected by the prior sediment composition and fine sediment loading. On each of six sampling occasions between December 2022 and March 2023 (Days 1, 8, 13, 29, 57 & 113 following resumption of flow), in each of 12 replicate experimental channels, we collected data on the macroinvertebrate communities on the stream bed surface (benthos), 10cm below the surface of stream bed (hyperheos), and potential colonists dispersing into each of the channels from upstream (drift) and from the aerial insect community (malaise traps). On each occasion we also measured discharge in each of 12 experimental channels as well as the quantity of fine sediment entrained within the stream bed (hyporheic fines). The dataset being deposited contains the following elements: • Abundance records for discrete taxa found in samples of the: o Dry bed sediment - 2.5 kg of bed sediment removed and examined for any macroinvertebrates still persisting in the drying stream bed. o Re-wetted bed sediment – 2.5 kg of bed sediment removed and retained to identify invertebrates that emerge from the sediments on each sampling day (related article for experimental rehydration of dewatered sediments method description). o Benthos - Surber sample (330 µm mesh size) of 0.0225m2 area for 30 seconds. A Surber taken from upstream, middle and downstream thirds of the channel length on each occasion. o Hyperheos - 500ml of water extracted using 60ml syringe from standpipes set 10cm below stream bed surface. A sample taken from upstream, middle and downstream thirds of the channel length on each occasion. o Drift - Nets (330 µm mesh size) deployed for 24hrs at upstream end of each channel. o Aerial communities – Malaise traps deployed bankside for 5 days. • Stream discharge (m3s-1)– stream velocity measured with Valeport 801 Electromagnetic Flowmeter. • Mass of hyporheic fine sediment (gl-1) – dry mass of fine sediment extracted with the 500ml hyporheic sample. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/X016706/1).02 years ago
- Datasets consist of monitoring data on ecosystem properties (17 variables) and biodiversity (21 variables), collected between 2003 and 2019 from the tropical peatland of the Natural Laboratory of Peat-swamp Forest special research zone in Sebangau National Park, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The dataset includes 23 data files. These data files represent results from comparisons of ecosystem property and biodiversity variables over space between new burn, old burn and unburned forest conditions, including: (a) effect sizes resulting from a hierarchical mixed effects meta-analysis; and (b) proportional changes resulting from a generalized linear mixed-effects model. They also include datasets relating to variability ecosystem property and biodiversity variables over time in relation to fire incidence within the wider landscape, including (c) time-series data for ecosystem properties aggregated by site and season, and occupancy detection matrices biodiversity for biodiversity variables; and (d) species richness and abundance estimates aggregated at the site level.12 years ago
- Gridded hydrological model river flow estimates on a 1km grid over Northern Ireland for the period Dec 1980 - Nov 2080. The dataset includes monthly mean river flow, annual maxima of daily mean river flow (water years Oct - Sept), along with the date of occurrence, and annual minima of 7-day mean river flow (years spanning Dec-Nov), along with the date of occurrence (units: m3/s). The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable and ensemble member. To aid interpretation, two additional spatial datasets are provided: a) digitally-derived catchment areas and b) estimated locations of flow gauging stations both on the 1km x 1km grid and c) a 1km x 1km grid identifying majority lake cells. The data were produced as part of UK-SCAPE (UK Status, Change And Projections of the Environment, Work Package 2: Case Study - Water) a NERC-funded National Capability Science Single Centre award.02 years ago
- This dataset consists of invertebrate abundance data and associated ecosystem measurements (Including leaf litter depth and mass, seedlings, soil moisture and nutrients, and rainfall) measured within an area of lowland, old growth dipterocarp rainforest in the Maliau Basin Conservation Area, Sabah, Malaysia between 2015 and 2016. Data were collected during a collaborative project which was included in the NERC Human-modified tropical forest (HMTF) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset contains climate data for Mount Etna in 2017. The measurements were conducted as part of a study in to transplanting of two Senecio species on Mount Etna. Dataloggers were deployed at each of the four transplant elevations (500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m, 2000 m) to record temperature. Daily maximum and minimum were extracted to understand how temperature varied across elevation and seasons.12 years ago
- The data comprise soil moisture profile measurements taken at depths of 10cm, 25cm, 50cm and 110cm close to trees in a valley in a tropical forest, Sirsi Karnataka, Western Ghats, India, between January 2020 and January 2022. The data provide a measure of tree soil water stress when analysed with related data e.g. hydraulics, photosystem II temperature resilience, photosynthesis characteristics and leaf traits. The overall purpose of the measurements was to determine the eco-physiological limits of functioning of tropical trees in Western Ghats India and to relate them to continuously measured temperature and water status of tropical forest trees at a representative forest fragment site (Sirsi).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of soil temperature profiles from permafrost in subarctic Canada. Soil temperature profiles were monitored during summer in 2013 and 2014 in Yukon and Northwest Territories. Monitored sites included peatland plateaus, thawing features of peatland plateaus, unburnt and burnt black spruce forests, and additional sites.12 years ago
- Projections of global changes in water scarcity with the current extent of croplands were combined to identify the potential country level vulnerabilities of cropland land to water scarcity in 2050. The data relate to an analysis of the impact changes in water availability will have on cropland availability in 2050.12 years ago
- The dataset consists of plant species data from a range of upland vegetation types. The study sites are situated within the Moor House National Nature Reserve in the North Pennines, UK. The area is grazed by free-ranging sheep and paired plots of grazed and ungrazed vegetation were set up at nine locations between 1953 and 1972. These plots have been monitored using the same (pin frame) methods at irregular intervals between their establishment and 2016. Within each plot fixed transect and frame positions are used. The data includes structural and frequency data for vascular plants and presence/absence data for bryophytes and lichens. The plots were set up and are currently maintained by Natural England (NE) and its predecessor bodies and since 1982 they have been monitored by the Environmental Change Network (ECN) through the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UKCEH).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of 4,397 insect species associated with 679 native plant species, 120 archaeophytes, and 223 neophytes from the Database of Insects and their Food Plants (DBIF). The DBIF details approximately 60,000 interactions between phytophagous insect (and mite) species and plants recorded in Great Britain over the last century, based on a wide variety of sources, including entomological journals and field guides. The data here represents a reduced subset of the full DBIF (13,277 interactions), only including interactions resolved to the species level (insect species x associated with host plant species y), records that have been expertly verified as reliable and included in previous large-scale analyses (Ward 1988; Ward & Spalding 1993; Ward et al. 1995; Ward et al. 2003), and records that are certain to have occurred in Great Britain. Any records originating from captive breeding studies are excluded. Finally, only plants with associated phylogenetic data and native status are included. Host plant distribution size is also included, in addition to a quantification of the distinctiveness of the insect communities found on a subset of the non-native plants. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.02 years ago
- This dataset includes taxonomic and abundance data at the of benthic macroinvertebrates in ten rivers within the glacial valleys of Parón, Huaytapallana and Llanganuco in the Cordillera Blanca, Ancash, Peru. This data was created to analyse the response of aquatic biodiversity to glacial retreat, studying rivers in a gradient of glacial coverage. The sampling work was carried out from October 14 to 30, 2019 and from October 7 to 16, 2020. The study was funded by NERC, Newton‐Paulet Fund and Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica-Perú12 years ago
- This data resource consists of two files: (a) 1x1 km resolution Average Accumulated Exceedance (AAE) data summarising the exceedances of acidity critical loads for eight habitats; (b) 1x1 km resolution AAE data summarising the exceedances of nutrient nitrogen critical loads for thirteen habitats. The data provide information on the amount of excess acid or nitrogen deposition above the critical load values set to protect acid- and nitrogen-sensitive habitats in the UK. The AAE has been calculated using UK 5x5 km Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) data for 2016-18 (https://doi.org/10.5285/5999d471-fe1d-45fa-889d-3156edb785a7). The data were generated under Defra-funded work to assess the potential areas of acid and nitrogen sensitive habitats at risk of adverse impacts from excess atmospheric acid and nitrogen deposition. Reducing the area and amount of critical load exceedance continues to be a driver of Government policy on reducing emissions of acidic and nitrogen-containing air pollutants (sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ammonia).12 years ago
- This dataset contains measurements of herbivory and the potential controls on herbivory for nitrogen-fixing and non-fixing trees in a mature tropical forest of Panama. Data include herbivory measures on 1,626 leaves from 350 seedlings belonging to 43 species, 23 nitrogen-fixing species, 20 non-fixing species. Herbivory metrics are presented at the leaf and seedling level. The data also includes leaf chemical and physical traits hypothesized to influence herbivory at the species level, and seedling-level traits such as stem length and growth rate. Data were collected in 2017 by measuring leaf area missing on seedlings in the BCI 50 ha plot seedling census in order to determine whether fixers have higher rates of herbivory than non-fixers, and what traits govern herbivory. Data were collected by W. Barker, S.J. Wright, L. Comita, B. Sedio and colleagues. Funders of research generating the data include the Natural Environment Research Council, U.S. National Science Foundation, Leverhulme Trust, British Council, Society of Experimental Biology Company of Biologists, University of Leeds Priestly International Centre for Climate and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute12 years ago
- This dataset contains information on the location of the count, some environmental variables, and the number of insects of each type counted for the Flower-Insect Timed (FIT) Count survey as part of the UK Pollinator Monitoring Scheme (PoMS). It covers the years 2017 to 2020 (note that 2017 was a pilot year and has less data than subsequent years). The “public” FIT Count asks volunteer citizen scientists to count the number of insects, identified into broad taxon groups, seen landing on the flowers of a particular target plant within a 50 cm × 50 cm quadrat during a period of ten minutes. The “1 km square” FIT Count uses the same methodology, but is carried out by PoMS volunteers and staff as part of the PoMS 1 km square survey, which takes place within a randomly allocated set of 1 km squares in England, Scotland and Wales, and also gathers data on pan-trapped insects. The UK Pollinator Monitoring Scheme is a partnership between the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bumblebee Conservation Trust, Butterfly Conservation, British Trust for Ornithology, Hymettus, Natural History Museum, University of Reading and University of Leeds, working with the Bees, Wasps and Ants Recording Society, wider stakeholders and volunteer networks. PoMS is jointly funded by Defra, the Welsh and Scottish Governments, JNCC and project partners.02 years ago
- The data consist of standardised counts of taxon abundances (bacteria, fungi and micro eukaryotes) from soil samples collected from paired intensive and extensive grassland systems, including low and high pH parent soils, from 32 sites across the United Kingdom. The samples were collected during winter and spring 2015-2016 from sites across the UK. DNA were extracted and taxonomic marker genes assessed using high-throughput DNA sequencing techniques to yield information about the genetic diversity and abundance of the microorganisms therein. The data were collected to help understand soil functional change in a variety of management and climatic scenarios as part of NERC U-GRASS (Understanding and enhancing soil ecosystem services and resilience in UK grass and croplands) award (NERC Reference NE/M017125/1) part of the NERC Soil Security Programme.12 years ago
- These data were collected from surface sediments (0-5 cm) at sites located along the Athens Riviera and Salamina coastline, Greece. The sediments came from both oil-contaminated (via Agia Zoni II oil-spill) and uncontaminated sites and were first collected between September 2017 and April 2018. For sediments taken at each site, data includes hydrocarbon concentrations (alkanes and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)), absolute microbial abundance (by Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)) of Bacteria, Archaea, and Fungi, and 16S rRNA amplicon libraries of Bacteria and Archaea. Additionally, nutrient concentrations (ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, silicate, and phosphate) were measured from seawater samples taken at the same sites. This study was conducted by the University of Essex, in partnerships with Archipelagos Institute of Marine Conservation and Cranfield University, and funded by the National Environmental Research Council and EnvEast DTP.12 years ago
- This dataset contains calculated breeding success rates for six seabird species from representative colonies on the Isle of May, off the East coast of Scotland. Annual breeding success has been measured as the number of chicks fledged per active nest for the Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica, since 1982), common guillemot (Uria aalge, since 1982), razorbill (Alca torda, since 1982), European shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis, since 1987), black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla, since 1987) and northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis, since 1987). The number of active nests recorded are also provided. Data were collected as part of the Isle of May long-term study (IMLOTS), which aims to identify the impact of environmental change on seabirds and their associated ecosystems. This monitoring has been ongoing since 1974, by essentially the same team of scientists, using the same well-documented methods throughout this time.02 years ago
- The dataset contains annual soil greenhouse gas emissions following sheep urine (real and artificial) applications to a semi-improved upland grassland in North Wales, UK, across two seasons (spring and autumn) within the year 2016-2017. Soil greenhouse gas data were collected using a combination of automated chambers and manually sampled chambers, both analysed via gas chromatography. Supporting data include meteorological data, soil chemistry and above ground biomass data collected on a time-series throughout the study, following urine application. The data were used to calculate sheep urine patch nitrous oxide emission factors from an upland environment, to improve estimates of greenhouse gas emissions from extensively grazed agroecosystems.12 years ago
- This dataset provides annual estimates of species occupancy and species trend estimates in the form of growth rates for 5,293 UK invertebrate, bryophyte and lichen species for the period 1970 to 2015. Estimates are provided at the country level for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland as well as for the UK and Great Britain (GB) where possible. These data were generated using observations of species collated by UK recording schemes and societies as the input data for a Bayesian occupancy model. The outputs resulting from this modelling framework are presented in three forms: • 1000 samples from the modelled posterior distribution of the proportion of occupied sites for each species for each year and for each region analysed. • Summary tables from the model outputs detailing mean occupancy and associated statistics including credible intervals and rhat measure of convergence. • Derived species trend estimates in the form of annual percentage growth rates. Annual estimates derived from fine-grained data (1x1km squares) have not been determined for this set of species before, making this a unique dataset that broadens knowledge on UK biodiversity change. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises the delta-13C and delta-15N stable isotopic information from two tissue samples (whole blood and mantle feathers) from 16 adults of 8 species of Southern Ocean procellariform collected at Bird Island, South Georgia during the austral summer 2001-2002. There have been numerous long-term research projects carried out at Bird Island under the auspices of the British Antarctic Survey, and this data represents one very small component that has been used to examine inter-specific competition in both the breeding and non-breeding periods.12 years ago
- This dataset provides the details of all sites which have been monitored as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Data includes the location within the UK, the length and width of the line transect on each site, and how long the transect has been monitored. The UKBMS started in 1976 with fewer than 50 sites. The number of sites monitored each year has increased to over a thousand since 2008. There is turnover in sites monitored each year and details of the first and last year in which each site was surveyed are given. The majority of site data is provided by recorders at the time a transect is created. The majority of these recorders are volunteers. The Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) collate the data and the UKBMS is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC).12 years ago
- Hydrological and meteorological data were collected for three plots (each 50 x 50 m in size) near Andasibe village in the Corridor Ankeniheny-Zahamena (CAZ) in eastern Madagascar. The plots differ in terms of land cover: semi-mature forest, reforested tree fallow (i.e., young secondary forest), and degraded grassland. The plots are located within 2.5 km from each other. See the supporting documentation for detailed information on the plots. Data collection continued for one year (October 2014-September 2015) at each plot and included micrometeorological data (rainfall, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed), soil moisture and overland flow, and for the two forested plots also throughfall, stemflow and sapflow.12 years ago
- This dataset contains survival, growth and leaf morphology data for multiple clones of c. 40 genotypes of two species of Senecio. The two Senecio species are native to low (S. chrysanthemifolius) and high elevations (S. aethnensis) on Mount Etna. Genotypes were propagated in a glasshouse and multiple clones of each genotype were then transplanted at four elevations (500m, 1000m, 1500m, 2000m) on Mount Etna in June-July 2017 before measurements were taken.12 years ago
- Site indices, as a relative measure of the actual population size, for UK butterfly species calculated from data from the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Site indices are a relative rather than an absolute measure of the size of a population, and have been shown to relate closely to other, more intensive, measures of population size such as mark, release, recapture (MRR) methods. The site index can be thought of as a relative measure of the actual population size, being a more or less constant proportion of the number of butterflies present. The proportion seen is likely to vary according to species; some butterfly species are more conspicuous and thus more easily detected, whereas others are much less easy to see. Site indices are only calculated at sites with sufficient monitoring visits throughout the season, or for targeted reduced effort surveys (timed observations, larval web counts and egg counts) where counts are generally obtained as close to the peak of the flight period as possible and are subsequently adjusted for the time of year and size of the site (area of suitable habitat type for a given species). Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) sites are thus excluded because they are based on very few visits from which accurate indices of abundance cannot currently be calculated. For transect sites a statistical model (a General Additive Model, 'GAM') is used to impute missing values and to calculate a site index. Each year most transect sites (over 90%) produce an index for at least one species and in recent years site indices are calculated for almost 1,500 sites across the UK. Site indices are subsequently collated to contribute to the overall 'Collated Index' for each species, which are relative measures of the abundance of each species across a geographical area, for example, across the whole UK or at country level in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. Individual site indices are important in informing conservation management as not all sites show the same patterns for each species and likely reflect a combination of local climate and habitat management at the site. Although the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of site indices, the collection of the data used in its creation is ultimately reliant on a large volunteer community. The UKBMS is run by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), in partnership with the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), and supported and steered by Forestry Commission (FC), Natural England(NE), Natural Resources Wales (NRW), Northern Ireland Environment Agency (NIEA), and Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme.12 years ago
- This dataset contains counts of pollinators visiting different varieties of oilseed rape (OSR). Data were collected from four trial sites in the UK in May 2012. The trial sites comprised of 20 varieties (plots) replicated in three blocks on each farm but only 2 of the blocks at each site were used for pollinator observations. Pollinator observations were also only made where there were greater than 30 percent of OSR plants in flower in the plot and only when weather conditions were within standardised limits. For each plot per site a six minute observation period was made during which the number of pollinators within the following taxon groups were counted: bumblebees to the species level, solitary bees identified to general body forms (Lasiglossum to genus level; Osmia separated to bicolour and rufa; Andrena separated to body forms typical of dorsata, carantonica, nigroaenea, haemorrhoa, fulva, flavipies, nitida, cineraria, bicolour and minuta), large hoverflies (> 12 mm), small hoverflies (< 11 mm), and Bibionidae. Each variety was observed for two separate six minute periods to reduce the impacts of minor fluctuations in weather that may reduce pollinator observations within single six minute periods. The dataset was collected as part of a project which aimed to identify key pollinators for OSR and identify if there are feeding preferences for individual varieties.12 years ago
- The data describe a set of field surveys to assess conditions along public walking routes. A spectrum of urban forms was identified in the towns of Bedford, Luton and Milton Keynes, in the UK. A sample of these were surveyed on foot to measure biodiversity and environmental conditions during the day. These were supplemented with landscape-scale remotely sensed data characterising the surrounding landscape.12 years ago
- The dataset contains information on six functional traits of woody plants, including Leaf Area, Specific Leaf Area (SLA), Leaf Dry Matter Content (LDMC), Leaf Thickness (Lth), Wood Density (WD), Bark Thickness (BT). It also includes data on concentrations of C, N, P, Ca, Mg, and K in leaves; leaf fresh mass and leaf dry mass data; and fresh wood volume and dry wood mass data to calculate Wood Density. Ten leaves per individual were sampled, and three measurements were taken for leaf thickness at the base, middle, and top of the leaf. For wood density, a single branch sample was taken per individual and for bark thickness five measurements per individual were made. The data were collected between 2019 and 2022 from 27 forest monitoring plots (0.5 ha each) in five locations along an altitudinal (lowland, mid-elevation, and highland forests) and forest perturbation (low, medium, and high perturbation levels) gradient in Andean ecosystems in Colombia. The database includes information about the plot location and parameters of the locality. The purpose of this data collection was to determine whether the expression of functional traits in woody plants differs between the perturbation gradient and the relationship of the traits to ecosystem processes. This information is important for understanding the drivers of variation in forest resilience and the impacts of perturbation on ecosystem functioning. This data set was obtained within the framework of the BioResilience project, a transdisciplinary investigation that seeks to understand the resilience of forest ecosystems after the post-conflict period in Colombia.02 years ago
- The dataset includes six files of UK physical river characteristics including five files of gridded data at 1 km x 1 km resolution and one comma separated table. The data includes: • Drainage directions (D8 flow method), ESRI coding • Drainage directions (D8 flow method), unifhy (python hydrology framework) coding • Catchment areas (km2) • Widths of bankfull rivers (m) • Depths of bankfull rivers (m) • NRFA gauging station locations (easting (m), northing (m)) Two versions of drainage directions are provided, both have the same drainage directions but different numbering systems. The comma separated NRFA (National River Flow Archive) gauging station locations table provides the best locations of 1499 river flow gauging stations on the 1km grids, together with the approximate error in the 1km × 1km gridded delineation of the upstream catchment area. All datasets are provided on the British National Grid.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (length) data for linear features across Great Britain in 1998. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 569 1km squares surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project, then scaling up to a national level. The data are presented as mean lengths for 7 different feature categories within 45 different land class types, based on the ITE Land Classification. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to linear features, habitat areas, species plot, soil plot, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset contains time series observations of surface-atmosphere exchanges of net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE), sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE), and momentum (τ) measured at two managed lowland peatland environments in the East Anglian Fens, England, UK. One site is managed for the production of horticultural salad crops, the other is an area of managed grassland. Turbulent flux densities were monitored using the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) technique between 10th November 2016 and 25th September 2018 at the cropland site, and between 27th April 2017 and 31st March 2019 at the grassland. The dataset includes ancillary weather and soil physics observations, as well as variables describing atmospheric turbulence and the quality of the turbulent flux observations.12 years ago
- This dataset includes measurements of soil respiration in 20 plots (250 x 10 m each) in the Brazilian Amazon. Study plots were distributed across a gradient of forest disturbance, including: undisturbed primary forests , logged primary forests, logged-and-burned primary forests, and secondary forests. Data were collected from October 2014 until May 2018. In December 2015, during the El Niño-mediated drought, eight of our study plots were affected by understory fires.12 years ago
- A compendium of earthworm data sources and associated information from the UK and Ireland, 1891-2021This dataset presents a compendium of field-based earthworm data sources and associated meta-data from across the United Kingdom and Ireland (‘Worm source’). These were compiled up to 2021 and include 257 data sources, the earliest dating back to 1891. Source meta-data covers the type of quantitative earthworm data (i.e. incidence, abundance, biomass, taxa), methodological details (e.g. sampling method/s, location/s, whether sampled plots were natural or experimental, sampling year/s), and environmental information (e.g. habitat/land-use, inclusion of climate data and basic soil properties). Data sources were collected through literature searches on Web of Science and Google Scholar, as well as directly from original authors/data holders where possible. The data sources were compiled with the aim of gathering quantitative data on earthworm species and populations to develop earthworm abundance and niche models, and toward a modelling framework for earthworm impacts on soil processes. This work is part of the Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics (SOC-D) project funded by the NERC UK-SCAPE programme (Grant reference NE/R016429/1).12 years ago
- The data set contains fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O) from Whim peatbog in central Scotland, measured using chamber methods. A nitrogen deposition experiment was carried out at the site, where nitrogen was applied in different forms (ammonium, nitrate, and ammonia) at doses from zero to ~100 kg N per ha per year. Flux measurements were made over a six month period starting at the end of March, 2012. The experiment was begun in 2002 under the NERC Global Nitrogen Enrichment (GaNE) programme, and continued under various funding sources. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Conservation and development investments in the Ankeniheny-Zahamena Corridor (CAZ) includes information on investment type, implementing agency, and timing and location of investments. Data were collected as part of a project funded under the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme. Work package 4, 'Can Paying 4 Global Ecosystem Services values reduce poverty?' (P4GES) project12 years ago
- This dataset consists of hourly lake temperature, air temperature, solar irradiance and wind speed data from an automatic water monitoring buoy on Windermere South Basin, a lake in the North West of England. The lake temperatures are measured at 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 30 and 35 m depth (see supporting documentation for more information). Measurements were taken every 4 minutes and calculated as hourly averages. All data is given in GMT (Greenwich Mean Time). The data were collected by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability12 years ago
- This dataset consists of invertebrate (soil mesofauna) counts from soils sampled across Great Britain in 2007. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey12 years ago
- This dataset includes all measurements of roots from the Climoor fieldsite in the Clocaenog Forest. The data spans three periods: 2003-2004, 2008 and 2011. In 2003 and 2004, 5cm x 15cm plastic root cores were measured, and roots manually picked out the soil. In 2008, root biomass was determined by sieving and washing. In 2011, root biomass, density and length was also determined using sieving and washing. However, the methods used in each of the periods differs so significantly the data should not be directly compared, only differences between experimental plots should be considered.02 years ago
- This is the 20m classified pixels dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2018(LCM2018) representing Great Britain. It describes Great Britain's land cover in 2018 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset is the Random Forest classification result from classifying a 20m pixel raster containing multi-season spectral information combined with context layers, which help to resolve spectral confusion. It is provided as a 2-band, 8-bit integer raster. The band-1 is the UKCEH Land Cover Class identifier, band-2 is an indicator of classification confidence. For a fuller description please refer to the product documentation. LCM2018 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2018. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2018. LCM2018 was simultaneously released with LCM2017 and LCM2019. These are the latest in a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Great Britain (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps LCM2000, LCM2007 and LCM2015. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset contains operational taxonomic units for soil bacteria collected from various land use categories in the Wolf and Tamar catchments in South west England. A range of soils were targeted from the Tamar region comprising a range of land uses. Approximate location of sampling sites was determined from maps to provide good spatial coverage of the catchment. Exact sites were determined in the field, considering accessibility and other logistic, and soils taken.12 years ago
- This dataset contains biodiversity data focussing on invertebrates (soil, ground, tree canopy), and plants collected from The Carbon Community woodland creation experiment in Wales. This includes measurements from 72 plots, covering experimental treatment combinations of woodland type (native broadleaf vs sitka spruce), enhanced weathering (with/without basalt addition), and soil microbiome inoculation (with/without soil from mature habitat type), compared to a grassland control treatment. The experiment was established in April 2021 and aims to assess strategies for maximising woodland carbon storage. The biodiversity data from each experimental plot was collected in summer 2023.02 years ago
- Data comprise soil methane oxidation results from a group of 30 forested islands in northern Sweden sampled in 2006 and 2007. The islands have different fire histories and represent a retrogressive chronosequence spanning 5000 years.12 years ago
- This is a 10m pixel data set representing the land surface of Great Britain, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. It is a two-band raster in GeoTiff format. The first band gives the most likely land cover type; the second band gives the per-parcel probability of the land cover. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2021 products are available from the LCM2021 product documentation accompanying this dataset.12 years ago
- The data consists of plant physiological measurements from 15 sites located in the Conwy catchment (North Wales) and from 2 sites in North West England. Plant photosynthetic parameters for the maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax), the maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax) and the maximum light saturated photosynthesis (Asat) were measured on the dominant plant species as were foliar nitrogen (Foliar N) and phosphorus (Foliar P). Leaf mass area (LMA) and specific leaf area (SLA) were recorded on the same leaves. Data were collected in 2013, 2014 and 2016. The sites were chosen to represent habitat types and the terrestrial productivity gradient in Britain from intensive agriculturally managed lowland grasslands through to montane heath. Plots within the sites were located using a stratified random sampling design. Plant parameters were tested across a land use intensification gradient to detect parameters that can predict aboveground biomass production across different land management types. Data were used to enhance the predictions of biomass production in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator model (JULES). Measurements informed the improvement of the nitrogen cycle component in the model. Measurements were undertaken by trained members of staff from Bangor University, the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and Exeter University. This data was collected for the NERC project 'The Multi-Scale Response of Water quality, Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration to Coupled Macronutrient Cycling from Source to Sea' (NE/J011991/1). The project is also referred to as Turf2Surf.12 years ago
- This dataset contains breakthrough curves of conservative (fluorescein) and reactive (resazurin and resorufin) tracers resulting from instantaneous tracer experiments in a lowland agricultural stream. Breakthrough curves were measured seasonally at four locations within the stream, creating three experimental reaches, in the Wood Brook, Staffordshire from July 2016 to March 2017. Breakthrough curves were measured in-situ using on-line fluorometers configured to measure the excitation of fluorescein, resazurin and resorufin every 10 seconds. The breakthrough curves were measured to determine hydrological metrics of advective transport, transient storage and aerobic respiration. The work was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council, UK through a through a Central England NERC Training Alliance Studentship and grant NE/L004437/1, with additional funding provided by the European Union through the H2020-MSCA-RISE-2016 project 734317.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the 25m raster version of the Land Cover Map 1990 (LCM1990) for Great Britain. The 25m raster product consists of three bands: Band 1 - raster representation of the majority (dominant) class per polygon for 21 target classes; Band 2 - mean per polygon probability as reported by the Random Forest classifier (see supporting information); Band 3 - percentage of the polygon covered by the majority class. The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. The 25m raster is the most detailed of the LCM1990 raster products both thematically and spatially, and it is used to derive the 1km products. LCM1990 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images (mainly from 1989 and 1990) into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is the first in a series of land cover maps for the UK, which also includes maps for 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019. LCM1990 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM1990 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs.02 years ago
- Discrete data for major ions and nutrients in river water for 13 sites in the Humber catchment over the periods 1993 to 1997 and 1996 to 1997 and for 3 sites from the Tweed catchment over the period 1994 to 1997. Ions and nutrients measured were: Ammonia, Calcium (dissolved), Magnesium (dissolved), Potassium (dissolved), Sodium (dissolved), Bromide-ion, Carbon (organic dissolved), Chloride-ion, Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphorus (soluble reactive), Phosphorus (total dissolved), Silicate (reactive dissolved), Sulphate, Carbon (organic particulate), Nitrogen (particulate), Phosphorus (total). Sites were sampled at regular weekly intervals and more intermittently during high flows (on average an extra sampling once a month per site). Samples were obtained using a wide neck PTFE bottle in a plastic covered bottle carrier (lowered from bridges where possible otherwise collected by immersing sample bottle by hand in the water as near the main flow as possible). Samples were filtered through Whatman 0.45um sterile membrane filters immediately on return to laboratory. Samples stored in sterilin tubes in the dark at 40C and analysed by Dionex DX100 ion chromatography system. Silicate reactive dissolved and Chloride-ion concentrations were determined by automated colourimetry and dissolved organic carbon concentrations were determined using a TOCsin II aqueous carbon analyser. Some samples on the River Aire were collected using EPIC automatic samplers. The analysis was carried out by members of the analytical chemistry section at York University (from April 1994 until November 1996) and at Wallingford Institute of Hydrology (September 1993 to April 1994 and December 1996 to April 1997), as part of the Land Ocean Interaction Study (LOIS).12 years ago
- Gridded daily meteorological variables over Great Britain for the years 1961-2017 at 1 km resolution. This dataset contains time series of daily mean values of air temperature (K), specific humidity (kg kg-1), wind speed (m s-1), downward longwave radiation (W m-2), downward shortwave radiation (W m-2), precipitation (kg m-2 s-2) and air pressure (Pa), plus daily temperature range (K). These are the variables required to run the JULES land surface model with daily disaggregation. The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable for each month of the data set. This data set supersedes the previous version as temporal coverage has been extended to include the years 2016-2017 and the netCDF metadata has been updated and improved.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the 25m raster version of the Land Cover Map 2015 (LCM2015) for Northern Ireland. This is the most detailed of the LCM2015 raster products both thematically and spatially, and it is used to derive the 1km products. The 25m raster product consists of two bands: Band 1 - raster representation of the majority (dominant) class per polygon for 21 target habitat classes; Band 2 - mean per polygon probability as reported by the Random Forest classifier (see supporting information). The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. LCM2015 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. LCM2015 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM2015 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. LCM2015 was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is one of a series of land cover maps, produced by UKCEH since 1990. They include versions in 1990, 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019.12 years ago
- This dataset contains over 72,000 event hyetographs associated with rainstorms that contain Annual Maximum rainfall (AMAX) values for durations between 5-min and 24-hr for a set of ~1,300 rain gauges in Great Britain. The record length and completeness varies on a gauge-by-gauge basis, the median record length is 19 years and the processed record ends in 06/2018. Note that a rainstorm may have a different duration to the associated AMAX value, e.g., a 24-hr AMAX total may be caused by an 18.25-hr event. Further note that multiple AMAX totals may be embedded within a single rainstorm, e.g., Storm Desmond can be associated with the 2-, 3-, 6-, 12- and 24-hr AMAX totals for 2009 recorded at Honister Pass. Each hyetograph is accompanied by summary statistics corresponding to the underlying rainstorm and associated AMAX totals. This dataset enables the study of the temporal characteristics of rainfall as well as more general studies regarding the climatology of AMAX-causing events in GB.12 years ago
- The dataset contains concentrations of Total Organic Carbon, Chloride, Fluoride, Bromine, Sulfate, Potassium, Aluminium, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Sodium, Phosphorus, Chromium, Manganese, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Arsenic, Selenium, Molybdenum, Cadmium, Lead and stable water isotopes (δD and δ18O) for 25 groundwater and surface water sampling locations, surveyed over the period February 2017 to May 2018 immediately following Dineo floods. The data were collected as part of the PULA project, which aimed at understanding the immediate effect of heavy rainfall and floods on water resources in arid Botswana and their transitional hydrologic readjustment towards the dry period, and the role of these events in supporting either or both resources replenishment and contamination. The project was co-ordinated by the University of Aberdeen, with partners at the Botswana International University of Science and Technology, the Government of Botswana Department of Water Affairs, and the International Water Management Institute. The project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council as part of its Urgency grants scheme.12 years ago
- Data comprise modelled flood extents for the Kampala district produced by simulating rainfall events over a 5m Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using a 2D finite-volume hydrodynamic model. The DEM was obtained from Makerere University and rainfall events were sampled across a range of depths and durations (for 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mm of rainfall over 1, 3 and 6 hours using flood depth thresholds of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mm). The effects of infiltration were included within green areas based on spatial data obtained from Makerere University. Maximum depths were converted into extents using various thresholds.12 years ago
- This dataset is a model output, from the Grid-to-Grid hydrological model driven by weather@home2 climate model data. It provides a 100-member ensemble of daily mean river flow (m3/s) for 260 catchments, for the following time periods: historical baseline (HISTBS: 1900-2006), near-future (NF: 2020-2049) and far-future (FF: 2070-2099). It also includes a baseline period (BS: 1975-2005). The catchments correspond to locations of NRFA gauging stations (http://nrfa.ceh.ac.uk/). The data were produced as part of MaRIUS (Managing the Risks, Impacts and Uncertainties of drought and water Scarcity), which was a UK NERC-funded research project (2014-2017) that developed a risk-based approach to drought and water scarcity.12 years ago
- Data on timing of breeding, breeding success and diet of the European shag, sampled from the Isle of May population. The data were collected between 1985 and 2015 by visually checking nests and collecting regurgitated diet samples. These data are part of the Isle of May long-term study to assess population trends of seabirds under environmental change (IMLOTS https://www.ceh.ac.uk/our-science/projects/isle-may-long-term-study).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of farm management data which includes crop drilling dates and herbicide application dates. The data relate to arable fields in which a range of ecological measurements were collected, including species counts in the following areas: weed seedbank, vegetation in the crop, field edge vegetation, invertebrates. Each field was sown with a combination of genetically modified and conventional crops, either Beet, Maize, Spring-sown Oilseed Rape or Winter-sown oilseed Rape. The data were collected as part of the Farm Scale Evaluations (FSEs), a four-year programme of research by independent researchers aimed at studying the effect that the management practices associated with Genetically Modified Herbicide Tolerant (GMHT) crops might have on farmland wildlife, when compared with weed control used with non-GM crops. Data were collected by a consortium of: the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, ITE (now the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, CEH), the Institute of Arable Crop Research (now Rothamstead Research, IACR) and the Scottish Crop Research Institute, SCRI (now the James Hutton Institute, JHI). Data were collected for four crops overall (Beet, Maize, Spring-sown Oilseed Rape and Winter-sown oilseed Rape).12 years ago
- This dataset contains in situ CO2 efflux, root production and fungal hyphae production from plots distributed across a subarctic landscape in Northern Sweden. Six paired plots were established in mountain birch forest and five paired plots were established in tall shrub tundra where one of each pair was 'girdled' and one acted as a non girdled 'control'. Efflux measurements were made during six sampling campaigns over 2017 and 2018 at an approximate frequency of once per week during each campaign, constituting a time series of measurements. Production measurements integrated root or hyphae production over the whole growing season (June-September) and therefore there is one datapoint per plot per year.12 years ago
- This dataset contains year-by-year tree inter-annual growth measurements (dendroecology, ring width) covering 1900-2019. European Beech tree cores were sampled in late 2019 at 12 sites in Bulgaria, Albania, Kosovo, and Spain. Measurements took place to fill the climatic gaps that European Beech Tree Ring Network (EBTRN) has not well covered at the hot and dry European distribution edges.12 years ago
- This dataset provides numbers and types of plastic particles extracted from sediment samples of three tributaries of the river Thames: the River Leach, the River Lambourn and The Cut. These rivers are regularly monitored for a range of water quality and biological characteristics as part of the ongoing CEH Thames initiative project. Four sampling sites were selected based on the average percentage of effluent present in the river and population equivalent density to represent scenarios ranging from low sewage input and population equivalent density (Leach and Lanbourn) through an intermediate site (the Cut) to a site with high sewage input and population equivalent density (also in the Cut). The samples were collected between late August and early September 2014. The data provides information on the site characteristics, dry weight of sediment analysed (in grams), number of microplastic particles extracted and characteristics of particles (including shape, colour and polymer type). Types of polymers identified include: polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon and polyester.12 years ago
- This dataset contains faecal bacteria data (mainly E. coli but also some Intestinal enterococci) for the River Wharfe and its tributaries in Yorkshire. They were collected and analysed as part of citizen science projects (termed the Ashlands and iWharfe projects) designed to assess the extent to which the river is contaminated by sewage effluent and capable of meeting national bathing water standards. In the Ashlands project, samples were taken upstream and downstream of the Sewage Treatment Works in Ilkley. The data were used in a successful application by the Ilkley Clean River Group for the river in Ilkley to be designated as a bathing water, the first running water site so designated in the UK. The iWharfe data are from samples collected on two occasions (2020 and 2021) at sites along the full length of the river and selected tributaries and show in particular the level of faecal bacteria contamination at recreational sites along the river. Overall, the data show not only the importance of sewage effluent in causing high concentrations of faecal bacteria in the river but also the role of agricultural sources presumed to be from farm livestock.12 years ago
- The dataset contains information about insect visitations to flowers growing in seed mix trial plots on two farms, one in West Sussex, and one in Oxfordshire. The data was collected during the spring and summer seasons of 2019, 2020, and 2021. Seed mix trial plots were walked centrally and insects visiting flowers in the plots were recorded, and where possible, identified to genus or species level. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/P009972/1)12 years ago
- This dataset consists of landscape point feature information for points across Great Britain, surveyed in 2007. Data are presented as rows of information recorded as point features (for example individual trees, water bodies or structures), with associated species where relevant, within a set of 591 1km squares across Great Britain, surveyed during the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project (note: not all surveyed squares contained point features). The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to point features, habitat areas, vegetation species data, soil data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset contains instream dissolved oxygen data collected continuously at one minute intervals for five sites in the Hampshire Avon catchment in the United Kingdom. Data were collected between August 2014 and August 2015 using miniDOT loggers.12 years ago
- This dataset measures the abundance of ant species at baited traps set across twelve trees in four experimental plots in lowland, tropical rainforest. Baited traps were set at 5 m vertical intervals from the ground to as high as possible in the canopy, the stratum of each trap location was recorded. At each height two pairs of baited traps were set, each pair contained one trap baited with carbohydrate (honey and oats) and the second with protein (tuna). Traps within each pair were separated by approximately 20cm were left open for 24 hours. All ants collected were identified to morphospecies level and the species abundance in each trap was recorded.12 years ago
- Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) data for Integrated Hydrological Units (IHU) groups (Kral et al., 2015; https://doi.org/10.5285/f1cd5e33-2633-4304-bbc2-b8d34711d902). SPI is a drought index based on the probability of precipitation for a given accumulation period as defined by McKee et al. [1]. SPI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the gamma distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1862 to 2015. NOTE: the difference between this dataset with the previously published dataset 'Standardised Precipitation Index time series for IHU Groups (1961-2012) [SPI_IHU_groups]' (Tanguy et al., 2015; https://doi.org/10.5285/dfd59438-2170-4472-b810-bab33a83d09f), apart from the temporal extent, is the underlying rainfall data from which SPI was calculated. In the previously published dataset, CEH-GEAR (Tanguy et al., 2014; https://doi.org/10.5285/5dc179dc-f692-49ba-9326-a6893a503f6e) was used, whereas in this new version, Met Office 5km rainfall grids were used (see supporting information for more details). Within Historic Droughts project (grant number: NE/L01016X/1), the Met Office has digitised historic rainfall and temperature data to produce high quality historic rainfall and temperature grids, which motivated the change in the underlying data to calculate SPI. The methodology to calculate SPI is the same in the two datasets. This release supersedes the previous version, https://doi.org/10.5285/047d914f-2a65-4e9c-b191-09abf57423db, as it addresses localised issues with the source data (Met Office monthly rainfall grids) for the period 1960 to 2000. [1] McKee, T. B., Doesken, N. J., Kleist, J. (1993). The Relationship of Drought Frequency and Duration to Time Scales. Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology, 17-22 January 1993, Anaheim, California.12 years ago
- The leaf phenology product presented here shows the amplitude of annual cycles observed in MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) 16-day time-series of 2000 to 2013 for Meso- and South America. The values given represent a conservative measure of the amplitude after the annual cycle was identified and tested for significance by means of the Fourier Transform. The amplitude was derived for four sets of vegtation indices (VI) time-series based on the MODIS VI products (500m MOD13A1; 1000m MOD13A2). The amplitude value can be interpreted as the degree in which the life cycles of individual leaves of plants observed within a pixel are synchronised. In other words, given the local variation in environment and climate and the diversity of species leaf life cycle strategies, an image pixel will represent vegetation communities behaving between two extremes: * well synchronized, where the leaf bud burst and senescence of the individual plants within the pixel occurs near simultaneously, yielding a high amplitude value. Often this matches with an area of low species diversity (e.g. arable land) or with areas where the growth of all plants is controlled by the same driver (e.g. precipitation). * poorly synchronized, where the leaf bud burst and senescence of individual plants within a pixel occurs at different times of the year, yielding a low amplitude value. Often this matches with an area of high species diversity and/or where several drivers could be controlling growth.02 years ago
- This dataset contains nutrient data from soils and microbial biomass in soils from an experiment based at Winklebury Hill, UK. The experiment used seeds and plug plants to create different plant communities on the bare chalk on Winklebury Hill and tested the resulting carbon and nutrient cycling rates and compared these to the characteristics of different plant functional groups. The experiment ran from 2013 to 2016 and this dataset contains data from 2014 only. This experiment was part of the Wessex BESS project, a six-year (2011-2017) project aimed at understanding how biodiversity underpins the ecosystem functions and services that landscapes provide.12 years ago
- The dataset collates the relative concentration of nearly 300 antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, and concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and potentially toxic elements (PTE; e.g., “metals”) found in soils across northeastern England during a sampling expedition in June 2016 by researchers at Newcastle University. Top soils (15cm depths; “A” horizon) were obtained from 24 rural and urban locations around Newcastle upon Tyne, representing a spectrum of landscape conditions relative to anticipated PTE contamination. There are three files related to different types of data collected: antimicrobial resistance genes, metal concentrations and PAH concentrations. The high-throughput analysis of nearly 300 AMR genes include many resistance traits representing major antibiotic classes: aminoglycosides, beta lactams, FCA (fluoroquinolone, quinolone, chloramphenicol, florfenicol and amphenicol resistance genes), MLSB (macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B), tetracycline, vancomycin, sulphonamide, and efflux pumps. PAH data represent the US Environmental Protection Agency priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as one of the measures of pollution impact. The other measure of impact is based on levels of twelve PTE represented by “total” and “two bio-available” concentrations, based on three extraction methods. Elements included aluminium, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, mercury, nickel, phosphorus, and zinc.12 years ago
- This dataset provides the details of all sites on which butterflies have been monitored as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). This includes all standard UKBMS transect sites, Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) sites and targeted species survey sites (timed counts, single-species transects, larval web and egg counts). Data includes the location within the UK, the length and number of sections for the butterfly transect on each site and the number of years each transect has been monitored. The location of some sites are sensitive and are excluded from this dataset. A full set of UKBMS monitoring sites is available in a separate dataset requested via the UKBMS website. The UKBMS started in 1976 with fewer than 50 sites. Since then the number of sites monitored each year has increased to several thousand. There are year new sites each and a small number where the transect is no longer surveyed. Details of this are provided in the site dataset in the form of the first and last year in which each site was surveyed. The majority of site data is provided by recorders at the time a transect is created. Site data are crucial in order to determine where extra recording effort is required and to investigate where butterfly populations are changing most and thus where conservation should be targeted, including across different habitat types. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- These data describe the results of a three year (2011-2013) factorial experiment using plant-soil mesocosms testing the effects of biochar on soil biodiversity and soil carbon fluxes. The experimental design comprised three treatments: (1) biochar (absence or presence at 2% w/w); (2) plant type (barley, perennial ryegrass, or unvegetated); and (3) soil texture (sandy clay, sandy silt loam, clay loam). Ecosystem responses measured were net ecosystem exchange of carbon (NEE) & ecosystem respiration (both g CO2 m-2 h-1) and plant biomass (g aboveground and root). Soil biological responses measured were estimates of microbial community structure (fungal-to-bacterial ratio, total phospho-lipid fatty acid (PFLA) nmol g-1 soil) and densities (g-1 soil) of nematode worms and soil microarthropods (Collembola, Acari). The experiment was done at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology in Penicuik, near Edinburgh in Scotland (UK). Soils used in the experiment were taken from the top 20 cm of the soil profile, from the James Hutton Institute’s Balruderry Farm near Dundee, Scotland, UK (56° 27’ N, 3° 4’ W). This research was funded by a Natural Environment Research Council Open CASE PhD studentship grant (NE/HO18085/1).12 years ago
- The data pertains to a single time point 'snapshot' spatial sampling of site characteristics, soil parameters and soil greenhouse gas emissions for two sites (Extensive and Intensive). The extensively managed site ('Extensive'; 240-340 m above sea level; a.s.l.) consisted of an 11.5 ha semi-improved, sheep-grazed pasture at Bangor University's Henfaes Research Station, Abergwyngregyn, North Wales (53°13'13''N, 4°0'34''W). The intensively managed site ('Intensive'; on average 160 m a.s.l.) was a 1.78 ha sheep-grazed pasture located in south-west England, at the North Wyke Farm Platform (NWFP), Rothamsted Research, Okehampton, Devon (50°46'10''N, 30°54'05''W). At the Extensive site soil and gas sampling was conducted on 30th November 2016. At the Intensive site soil and gas sampling was conducted on 1st August 2016. The data contains: site characteristics including elevation, slope, compound topographic index, vegetation type or manure application, and sample point grid references; soil parameters including soil bulk density, soil percentage water-filled pore space, soil moisture, soil organic matter contents, soil pH, soil nitrate nitrogen concentration, soil ammonium nitrogen concentration, soil percentage total carbon contents, soil percentage total nitrogen contents, and carbon to nitrogen content ratio; and soil greenhouse gas flux data for nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and methane. The study was conducted as a wider part of the NERC funded Uplands-N2O project and BBSRC-supported Rothamsted Research, North Wyke Farm Platform (Grant Nos: NE/M015351/1, NE/M013847/1, NE/M013154/1, BBS/E/C/000J0100, BBS/E/C/000I0320, BBS/E/C/000I0330). Quantifying the spatial and variability of the drivers of greenhouse gas emissions and their interactions in grazing systems is critical to improve our understanding of nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and methane fluxes, enabling better estimates of aggregated greenhouse gas emissions and associated uncertainties at the landscape scale.12 years ago
- These data consist of information on economic, social, demographic, cultural, and treatment seeking behaviour collected from former and current human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) patients in Eastern Zambia between 2004 and 2014. There are two data sets. The first dataset consists information on the economic and social impact of HAT. Information on demographics, culture, and treatment seeking behaviour was also collected. Data for this dataset were collected through structured questionnaires administered to patients themselves or their close relatives (care giver). The questionnaires were developed and delivered by experienced researchers from the University of Zambia. The data have been anonymised by removing the names of villages where the patients lived. In total, 64 cases were included in the study. Verbal consent was obtained prior to commencing all questionnaires. The second dataset consists of anonymised transcripts of focus group discussions conducted with health workers, people who have suffered from HAT and their relatives or friends. Seven to ten people were included per discussion group, providing information on concepts, perceptions and ideas relating to the social consequences of HAT. A total of eight focus group discussions were conducted during the study. Focus group discussion data were analysed using inductive approaches and thematic coding carried out by two independent researchers. All transcripts were anonymised and personal identifiers were removed to protect patients' individual data. Verbal consent was obtained prior to commencing all interviews. Focus group interviews were carried out by experienced researchers from the University of Zambia. The data were collected to determine the economic and social consequences of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in Eastern Zambia. This research was part of a wider research project, the Dynamic Drivers of Disease in Africa Consortium (DDDAC), and these data contributed to the research carried out by the consortium. The research was funded by NERC project no NE/J000701/1 with support from the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation Programme (ESPA).12 years ago
- This dataset includes dissolved organic radiocarbon content and dissolved organic carbon concentration data for river waters around the globe. The riverine dataset contains already published (n=1163) and new (n=101) data between the years 1962 and 2015. Soil solution data (n=139) from North American and European natural and semi-natural ecosystems are also included, which cover the period 1988 to 2008. Groundwater data containing 49 data points from boreholes in Europe and North America are also provided. Extra data including sampling dates, locations, stable isotope (13C), water quality and qualitative descriptions of the catchments are included in the dataset.12 years ago
- This is the land parcels (polygon) dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2019 (LCM2019) representing Great Britain. It describes Great Britain's land cover in 2019 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset was derived from the corresponding LCM2019 20m classified pixels dataset. All further LCM2019 datasets for Great Britain are derived from this land parcel product. A range of land parcel attributes are provided. These include the dominant UKCEH Land Cover Class given as an integer value, and a range of per-parcel pixel statistics to help to assess classification confidence and accuracy; for a full explanation please refer to the dataset documentation. LCM2019 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2019. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2019. LCM2019 was simultaneously released with LCM2017 and LCM2018. These are the latest in a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Great Britain (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps LCM2000, LCM2007 and LCM2015. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information on the fertility and physical characteristics of kākāpō (Strigops habroptilus) eggs laid on Anchor and Whenua Hou islands, New Zealand during the 2018/19 breeding season. Of the 252 total eggs laid, 129 failed to develop; undeveloped eggs were dissected, fixed in formalin, and then inspected using fluorescence microscopy at the University of Sheffield UK. For all eggs, data are provided on mother and clutch of origin, developmental stage reached, and maternal mating behaviour. For dissected undeveloped eggs, additional data include fertilisation status, numbers of sperm visible on the perivitelline layer, egg size and weight, dry eggshell weight, and yolk and albumen weights.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information on bio-available phosphorus and microbial biomass phosphorus from two UK grassland soils and how this is affected by elevated CO2 (eCO2). The soils are from naturally phosphorus limited grasslands in the Peak District National Park, in northern England. The grasslands were exposed to eCO2 of 600 ppm, and ambient CO2 controls were maintained at ca. 400 ppm for three growing seasons (2018-2020). Soils were sampled once each year in October, and underwent extraction (bio-available phosphorus) or chloroform-fumigation-extraction (microbial biomass phosphorus) with 0.5M NaHCO3. Concentrations of phosphorus in the extracts were determined by ICP-OES.12 years ago
- This dataset contains chemical determinants of river water samples collected from the Wolf and Tamar catchments in South West England in December 2013. It is a part of the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology South West (SW) Project.12 years ago
- This dataset is a model output created using the BGS AquiMod model. It provides monthly groundwater level relative to the Ordnance Datum (maOD) from 1891 to 2015, reconstructed for 54 observation boreholes across the UK. Based on the Generalised Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) methodology, 90th percentile and 10th percentile confidence bounds have been estimated and are given for each of reconstructed groundwater level time series.12 years ago
- The data provide a quantitative measure of the dry bulk density, soil texture, organic matter content (LOI) and organic carbon present within surface soils (up to a depth of 10 cm). A total of 212 samples from 49 sites across England and Wales were collected using modified syringe samplers as part of the citizen scientist programme CarbonQuest, part of Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environments (C-SIDE) project. Sites were chosen to represent contrasting habitats across England and Wales, in particular sediment types, vegetation and sea level history.The samples were processed for bulk density, soil texture, organic matter content using the Loss on Ignition (LOI) method and the organic carbon was quantified through elemental analysis. The data were collected to help create a detailed picture of saltmarsh carbon storage in surficial soils across England and Wales. The work was carried out under the NERC programme - Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environment (C-SIDE), NERC grant reference NE/R010846/112 years ago
- This dataset contains laboratory measurements of peat depth, horizontal saturated hydraulic conductivity, dry bulk density, and the degree of peat humification (von Post scale) for degrading palsas at Rensjön palsa mire, Norrbotten, Sweden.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the 1km raster, percentage aggregate class version of the Land Cover Map 2015 (LCM2015) for Great Britain. The 1km percentage product provides the percentage cover for each of 10 aggregated land cover classes for 1km x 1km pixels. This product contains one band per aggregated habitat class (producing a 10 band image). The 10 aggregate classes are groupings of 21 target classes, which are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. The aggregate classes group some of the more specialised classes into more general categories. For example, the five coastal classes in the target class are grouped into a single aggregate coastal class. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. LCM2015 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. LCM2015 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM2015 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. LCM2015 was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is one of a series of land cover maps, produced by UKCEH since 1990. They include versions in 1990, 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019.12 years ago
- This dataset contains the linkages between designated features and their relevant critical loads or levels. The designated features come from the UK network of protected nature sites including: (i) Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) (ii) Special Protection Areas (SPA) (iii) Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) - England, Scotland, Wales (iv) Areas of Special Scientific Interest (ASSI) - Northern Ireland. Critical loads and levels are set under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution. For nutrient nitrogen critical loads are based on empirical evidence, mainly observations from experiments and targeted gradient studies. These empirical critical loads are assigned to habitat classes of the European Nature Information System (EUNIS) to enable consistency of habitat terminology and understanding across Europe. In order to assign the relevant critical load to Annex I features, A/SSSI habitat features, or habitats of Annex II/SPA features, habitat correspondence tables are used to determine the relationship between the EUNIS classes for which nitrogen critical loads are set and the interest features. Critical loads of acidity are based on soil and habitat types. They are set for six Broad Habitats; acid grassland, calcareous grassland, dwarf shrub heath, bogs, montane, unmanaged coniferous and broadleaved woodland. Critical Levels for air pollutants are not habitat specific and have been set to cover broad vegetation types (e.g. forest arable, semi-natural), often with critical values set for sensitive lichens and bryophytes. They have been derived from experiments and observation that show varied effects on vegetation including visible injury symptoms of exposure and species composition changes in semi-natural vegetation.02 years ago
- Spittle Bug data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. These data are collected by quadrat sampling at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol . They represent continuous annual records from 1993 to 2015. Spittle Bug adults (Philaenus spumarius) are sampled and separated by sex and by colour morph; it is likely that the proportions of morphs are environmentally determined and will therefore be good indicators of environmental change. Spittle bug nymphs are counted and the mean number of nymphs per spittle recorded. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- This dataset is a model output from the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) model applied to the UK (EMEP4UK) driven by Weather and Research Forecast model meteorology (WRF). It provides annual total atmospheric deposition of cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, zinc, sulphur, and nitrogen over the UK on a 3x3 km2 grid for years between 1750 and 2018. The EMEP4UK model version used here is rv4.36, and the WRF model version is the 4.2.2. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset contains water flow velocity, discharge, and suspended sediment compositions of the Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwady) River at Pyay, Myanmar and the Salween (Thanlwin) River at Hpa-An, Myanmar. The suspended sediment samples and the hydrological data were collected both during peak monsoon conditions (August 2017 and August 2018) and peak dry season conditions (February 2018 and May 2019). Water velocity was measured using Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) while collecting suspended sediment samples at various depths in the river. Additional flow velocity data was collected while laterally crossing the river channel from bank to bank, and was used to calculate total river discharge at these sites. The dataset includes suspended sediment concentrations, particulate organic carbon concentrations, and particle size distributions of sediment samples collected at various depths and locations in the two river channels.12 years ago
- Bird community data from fixed point count stations generated by experienced ornithologists in Borneo and the Wallacean islands of Sulawesi (Buton), Seram, Buru, Talaud and Sangihe. Bird surveys were undertaken between 2016 and 2020, with work on any given island lasting ~3 months, except for Borneo where surveys were undertaken across 3 years (2014 – 2016). Surveys were repeated four times at each site on Sulawesi (Buton), Seram, Buru and once each on Talaud and Sangihe. The dataset comprises the aggregated counts from multiple surveys of the same point count sites, and assigned to individual bird species, landscape and island.12 years ago
- This dataset contains the results of 211 household surveys conducted in Mambwe District, Zambia, as part of a wider study looking at human and animal trypanosomiasis and changing settlement patterns in the area. The interviews were conducted from June 2013 to August 2013. The objective of the survey was to set the health of people and their animals in the context of overall household wellbeing, assets and access to resources. The topics covered included household demographics, human and animal health, access to and use of medical and veterinary services, livestock and dog demographics, livestock production, human and animal contacts with wildlife, crop and especially cotton production, migration, access to water and fuel use, household assets and poverty, resilience and values. The dataset has been anonymised by removing names of respondents, Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) location of their homes and names of interviewers. Household numbers were retained. Written consent was obtained prior to commencing all interviews. This research was part of a wider research project, the Dynamic Drivers of Disease in Africa Consortium (DDDAC), and these data contributed to the research carried out by the consortium. The research was funded by NERC with support from the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation Programme (ESPA).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of measures of topsoil (0-15 cm) physico-chemical properties from soils sampled from 48 x 1-km squares across Great Britain in 2020 as part of a rolling soil and vegetation monitoring program of 500 1-km squares repeated every 5 years. The properties included are: pH, soil organic matter (loss on ignition, LOI), derived carbon concentration and carbon stock (SOC), soil group, soil bulk density of fine earth, soil moisture of wet soil, fine earth volumetric water content (dry), nitrogen concentration and stock, and Olsen-phosphorus concentration. The UKCEH Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and predecessors, with repeated visits to most of the squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way, we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, vegetation species data are also gathered by the current phase of the UKCEH Countryside Survey. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset provides weekly pollutant concentration and deposition data in cloud and rain samples from the, now retired, Bowbeat field site near Edinburgh, UK. The data were captured approximately weekly between 03/09/2003 and 28/06/2006 using a cloud droplet collector and rainwater collector. They were collected to monitor and model cloud/rain water composition and deposition at high elevation as part of ongoing routine measurements.12 years ago
- This dataset presents estimates of mean values within selected habitats and parent material characteristics made using Countryside Survey (CS) data from 1978, 1998 and 2007 using a mixed model approach (see Scott, 2008 for further details of similar statistical analysis - http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5202/1/CS_UK_2007_TR4%5B1%5D.pdf ). Countryside Survey topsoil carbon data is representative of 0-15 cm soil depth and includes Loss-on-ignition (%), Carbon concentration (g kg-1) and Carbon density (t ha-1). A total of 2614 cores from 591 1km x 1km squares across Great Britain were collected and analysed in 2007 (see Emmett et al. 2010 for further details of sampling and methods http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5201/1/CS_UK_2007_TR3%5B1%5D.pdf ). Loss-on-ignition (LOI) was determined by combustion of 10g dry soil at 375 deg C for 16 hours; carbon concentration was estimated by multiplying LOI by a factor of 0.55, and carbon density was estimated by combining carbon concentration with bulk density estimates. The estimated means of habitat/parent material combinations using 2007 data are modelled on dominant habitat and parent material characteristics derived from the Land Cover Map 2007 and Parent Material Model 2009, respectively. The parent material characteristic used was that which minimised AIC in each model (see Supporting Information). Areas, such as urban and littoral rock, are not sampled by CS and therefore have no associated data. Also, in some circumstances sample sizes for particular habitat/parent material combinations were insufficient to estimate mean values. The Countryside Survey looks at a range of physical, chemical and biological properties of the topsoil from a representative sample of habitats across the UK.12 years ago
- Continuous measurements of conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature and water level from the Frome Piddle; Pang Lambourn and Tern catchments, recorded between 2002 and 2007. YSI sondes were installed at 16 sites in these catchments to record continuous measurements of conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature. Druck pressure transducers were installed at the same sites to measure continuous water level values. The instruments were installed as part of the NERC funded Lowland Catchment Research (LOCAR) Programme to provide comparable baseline river water chemistry data across the LOCAR catchments. Data were collected continuously at 15-minutes intervals for periods of variable length, depending on site.12 years ago
- This dataset contains time series observations of land surface-atmosphere net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE) and supporting micrometeorological observations collected at 13 peatland eddy covariance (EC) flux observation sites located across Wales, Scotland and England. Sites were active at different timescales between 2008 and 2020. The dataset represents a subset of the variables measured at each site. The full range of variables monitored at each location can be accessed via EIDC records and/or by contacting the authors. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Data were collected to determine the geographic distribution of different cytotypes of Campanula rotundifolia L. Most sampling concentrated on Britain and Ireland, but samples from mainland Europe, the Russian Federation and North America were also analysed. Following these observations, a common garden study of tetraploid, pentaploid and hexaploid cytotypes representative of Britain and Ireland was set up at a CEH Edinburgh (where the local cytotype is tetraploid), to determine whether climatic factors were limiting the distribution of the hexaploid cytotype through effects on growth, survival or flowering phenology. The geographic distribution study ran from 2006-2019. The common garden study ran from 2008-2010.12 years ago
- The data are the habitat association (phi coefficient of association) of ground beetles (Carabidae) in Great Britain. The analysis used all 100 m carabid records from the NBN Atlas website for the analysis. The habitats are those from the CEH Land Cover Map 2015 (LCM2015) and for each beetle species each habitat has a score between 1 and -1 representing association through to disassociation and a p-value giving significance of the association score. The recommended output shows habitat weighted analysis using an absence threshold of fourteen other species. Five other versions are also provided, with thresholds of seven and 28 and the unweighted versions of the analysis, to allow the user to ascertain for themselves confidence in the association of a habitat to a species.12 years ago
- Estimates of annual volumes of manure produced by six broad farm livestock types for England and Wales at 10 km resolution, modelled with MANURES-GIS [1]. The farm livestock classes are: dairy cattle; beef cattle; pigs; sheep and other livestock; laying hens; broilers and other poultry. The quantities produced by each type are subsequently apportioned into managed and field-deposited manure. The managed manure sources are categorised as beef farmyard manure, beef slurry, dairy farmyard manure, dairy slurry, broiler litter, layer manure, pig farmyard manure, pig slurry and sheep farmyard manure. The destinations are recorded as grass, winter arable, spring arable and direct excreta when grazing. For each 10 km square, the quantity of manure going from each source to each destination is estimated. The values specify amount of excreta, in kilograms for solid manure and in litres for liquid manure. [1] ADAS (2008) The National Inventory and Map of Livestock Manure Loadings to Agricultural Land: MANURES-GIS. Final Report for Defra Project WQ010312 years ago
- Estimated species richness data for valuation of biodiversity across the UK, based on species occurrence records for 11 taxonomic groups (Bees, Birds, Bryophytes, Butterflies, Carabidae, Hoverflies, Isopoda, Ladybirds, Moths, Orthoptera and Vascular plants). UK species occurrence data were collated from the Biological Records Centre (BRC) and the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO). Estimated species richness was calculated across all taxonomic groups for two time periods: 1970-1990 and 2000-2013. The dataset was used to create the 'UK ecological status map version 2'.12 years ago
- This dataset presents the results of an initial sampling exercise conducted at a terrestrial site in northwest England in summer 2010. The following samples of terrestrial Reference Animals and Plants (RAPs) were obtained from an area of circa 0.4 km squared: Molinia caerulea (ICRP RAP Wild Grass defined as Poaceae); Picea sitchensis (ICRP RAP Pine Tree defined as Pinaceae); Apis spp., Bombus spp., Nomada spp. (ICRP RAP Bee defined as Apidea); Apodemus sylvaticus (ICRP RAP Rat defined as Muridae); Earthworms (species in the Family Lumbricidae as defined for the ICRP RAP Earthworm); Deer (belonging to the Family Anatidae (i.e. the ICRP RAP Deer). Soil samples were also collected from throughout the sampling area. All samples were analysed for multiple elements using ICP-MS/ICP-OES and most for gamma-emitting radionuclides. Results have been used to derive biota-soil concentration ratios. The ICRP have published their framework for radiation protection of the environment (ICRP Publication 108). This describes the use of RAPs as the basis for their framework. The RAPs are generalised to the taxonomic level of Family. Publication 108 presented dose coefficient values for the selected RAPs and also reviewed data on the effects of ionising radiation to suggest Derived Consideration Reference Levels for each RAP. In summer 2010 the ICRP released a further report on their protection framework for consultation. This report presented transfer parameter values (organism-media concentration ratios) for Reference Animals and Plants. The report also raised the possibility of identifying a series of sites where samples of each Reference Animal and Plant, and their different lifestages, could be collected and analysed. It was suggested that the resultant data would constitute a set of reference values analogous to approaches used by the ICRP for human radiological protection.12 years ago
- The WATCH forcing data (WFD) is a twentieth century meteorological forcing dataset for land surface and hydrological models. It consists of three/six-hourly states of the weather for global half-degree land grid points. It was generated as part of the EU FP 6 project 'WATCH' (WATer and global CHange') which ran from 2007-2011. The data was generated in 2 tranches with slightly different methodology: 1901-1957 and 1958-2001, but generally the dataset can be considered as continuous. More details regarding the generation process can be found in the associated WATCH technical report and paper in J. Hydrometeorology. To understand how the data grid is formed it is necessary to read the attached WFD-land-long-lat-z files either in NetCDF or dat formats. The data covers land points only and excludes the Antarctica. Rainf or rainfall rate is the rainfall rate based on the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) bias corrected, undercatch corrected measured in kg/m2/s at 3 hourly resolution averaged over the next 3 hours and at 0.5 x 0.5 degrees spatial resolution. Please note that there is also a WFD Rainf CRU bias corrected dataset, but as the GPCC dataset is the preferred dataset only this rainfall dataset is available from the EIDC. These rainfall datasets contain rainfall data only and need to be combined with the respective WFD snowfall datasets to obtain precipitation data.12 years ago
- The eddy covariance data describes the fluxes of CO2, latent energy, and sensible heat. It also includes ancillary data: air and soil temperatures, net radiation balance, down-welling photosynthetically active radiation, wind speed, wind direction, vapour pressure deficit, friction velocity, Monin-Obukhov stability and modelled respiration. Data collection was carried out at Abbotts Hall marsh from the 15 December 2012 till the 27 January 2015. The Abbotts Hall site is in Essex, South East England, and the meteorological tower was situated in the middle of the marsh. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset includes measured physicochemical variables in ten rivers of the glacial valleys of Parón, Huaytapallana and Llanganuco in the Cordillera Blanca, Ancash, Peru. The environmental variables measured in the rivers include pH, turbidity conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon, dissolved inorganic carbon, metal ions and anions. Channel stability assessments using the Pfankuch index are also included. This data was used to analyse the physicochemical changes under glacial retreat, studying rivers in a gradient of glacial coverage, and relate it to the biodiversity of macroinvertebrates. The sampling work was carried out from October 14 to 30, 2019 and from October 7 to 16, 2020. The study was funded by NERC, Newton‐Paulet Fund and Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica-Perú.12 years ago
- This dataset relates to two closely related experiments conducted using similar methodologies: one - Discrimination Ability experiment - from December 2021 to May 2022 and another - Multiple Models experiment - from October 2022 to April 2023. Data describe the responses of wild birds (mainly Great tits Parus major) towards feeding stations where insect-like stimuli concealed a possible food reward. Data include: Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tag records of birds visiting the feeders (note that not all birds were tagged); demographic information about the tagged birds; timings and set-up of the feeders used at each session; and which stimuli from each session were “attacked” (and in what order).02 years ago
- This dataset consists of measurements of leaf and root growth, species abundance and soil temperature made in ten subarctic plant communities located at the Arctic Biosphere Atmosphere Coupling at Multiple Scales (ABACUS) project sites near to Abisko, Sweden, and Kevo, Finland. The data were collected during the summer growing seasons (May to September) in 2008 and 2009, and comprise field survey measurements, temperature logs and values derived from analyses of mini-rhizotron images.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of faecally-contaminated samples taken from the environment around pre-weaned calves on 51 farms in South-West England during 2017/2018 and is a subset of a larger dataset investigating antibiotic resistance in E. coli across 53 farms. The samples were analysed for presence of E. coli resistant to amoxicillin, streptomycin, cephalexin, tetracycline and/or ciprofloxacin. Management factors deemed related to pre-weaned calves are included, including antibiotic usage data at farm level.12 years ago
- The data are biomass and ozone-injury data for white clover (Trifolium repens). Dataset concerns a 2014 study on the effects of Jasmonic acid/cutting in modulating the response of clover to ozone. A short-term (4-week) ozone-exposure experiment was conducted in 2014 to investigate the interactive effects of cutting on ozone-induced responses in white clover (Trifolium repens). A strong interaction was found in root biomass and root nodule biomass in cut white clover plants in a high ozone background (45-67 parts per billion (ppb) treatment mean), suggesting ozone-impacts on root nodule biomass occur through limitation of carbon availability. The work was carried out as part of a NERC funded PhD.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of hourly lake temperature, air temperature, solar irradiance and wind speed data from an automatic water monitoring buoy on Windermere South Basin, a lake in the North West of England. The lake temperatures are measured in various depths of the lake (see supporting documentation). Measurements were taken every 4 minutes and calculated as hourly averages. The data were collected by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology between 2012 and 2015 inclusive. This dataset has been used in various publications, please see supporting documentation for more detail.12 years ago
- Plant and carabid beetle survey data was collected in the summer of 2018 and bird survey data in the summer of 2019 in Glen Affric and Glen Moriston in the Scottish Highlands. Data was collected using a 10 × 10 m plot in each reforestation site for plants and carabid beetles and a 50 m radius plot for birds. The same data was collected in a matched plot in an unforested, grazed area associated with each site and in a matched plot in an unforested area within the fenced site. Five pairs of plots were established in grazed and ungrazed mature Caledonian pineforest, the target of reforestation, to assess the value of the reforestation sites for biodiversity, relative to the unforested state and the target habitat.12 years ago
- Estimates of plant abundance (for leaf area, floral units and seed abundance, mass and energy) obtained from field-based sampling as part of a study of ecological interactions (food webs and plant-pollinator networks) on a single farm (Norwood Farm, Somerset, UK: 51.3128N 2.3206W) during 2007 and 2008. During the study, Norwood Farm was managed as an organic farm at relatively low intensity. The work was was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [grant number BBD0156341].12 years ago
- Data comprise the number of macro-invertebrate taxa (including family and group name) recorded at four sites on the River Beas in November 2017. Data were generated from kick-sampling following the UK Environment Agency's standard semi-quantitative protocol. Also included are site location information (latitude and longitude). The data were collected by Heriot-Watt University under the Sustaining Himalayan Water Resources in a Changing Climate (SusHi-Wat) project funded by NERC.12 years ago
- The Environmental Zones are aggregations of ITE Land Classes; these classes are derived from repeatable multivariate analysis of environmental data collected for each 1 km square in the country. Thus the classes, and hence the zones, are determined by combinations of environmental characteristics, not by just one or two. This means that the naming of classes (and zones) is not straightforward and cannot be achieved by reference to single parameters such as altitude. The approach taken with the ITE Land Classes is to give each a numeric identifier, rather than a text name, and to supplement these Land Class numbers with a brief description of the class.12 years ago
- Rabbit and deer data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. These data are collected by transect at ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. The protocol uses an index method based on dropping counts (of deer, rabbits - and where appropriate sheep and Grouse) to estimate relative abundance. They represent twice-yearly continuous records from 1993 to 2015. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements from a set of ALPHA (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) sampler sites at Ballynahone National Nature Reserve, a designated Area of Special Scientific Interest (ASSI), Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and Ramsar (wetland of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention) site in Northern Ireland. The park is an ammonia sensitive peatland ecosystem managed locally by Ulster Wildlife Trust (UWT). The data were originally collected due to concern that Ballynahone Bog may be adversely affected by NH3 emissions arising from local livestock installations.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the 25m raster version of the Land Cover Map 1990 (LCM1990) for Great Britain. The 25m raster product consists of three bands: Band 1 - raster representation of the majority (dominant) class per polygon for 21 target classes; Band 2 - mean per polygon probability as reported by the Random Forest classifier (see supporting information); Band 3 - percentage of the polygon covered by the majority class. The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. The 25m raster is the most detailed of the LCM1990 raster products both thematically and spatially, and it is used to derive the 1km products. LCM1990 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images (mainly from 1989 and 1990) into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is the first in a series of land cover maps for the UK, which also includes maps for 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019. LCM1990 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the UKCEH web site and the LCM1990 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Gridded hydrological model river flow estimates on a 1km grid over Northern Ireland for the period Dec 1980 - Nov 2011. The dataset includes monthly mean river flow, annual maxima of daily mean river flow (water years Oct - Sept) and annual minima of 7-day mean river flow (years spanning Dec-Nov) (units: m3/s). The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable. To aid interpretation, three additional spatial datasets are provided: a) digitally-derived catchment areas and b) estimated locations of flow gauging stations both on the 1km x 1km grid and c) a 1km x 1km grid identifying majority lake cells. The data were produced as part of UK-SCAPE (UK Status, Change And Projections of the Environment, Work Package 2: Case Study - Water) a NERC-funded National Capability Science Single Centre award.12 years ago
- A survey of the extent and species composition of the deciduous woodlands of Scotland (including those with some admixture of conifers) was undertaken between 1976 and 1979, by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, funded by the Natural Environment Research Council and the Nature Conservancy Council. A census of deciduous woodlands in Scotland was made (as marked on British Ordnance Survey (OS) maps, 7th Series 1:63,360), between 1976 and 1979. A desk-based map search was undertaken in the first instance, followed by field ground-truthing.12 years ago
- The dataset provides qualitative data from anonymised in-depth interviews conducted in 2017 with domestic poultry owners, commercial poultry farm workers and market sellers of live poultry in Bangladesh. The dataset comprises interview transcripts in Bangla. Household and farm interviews were carried out in rural areas of Mirzapur sub-district, Tangail. Interviews with market sellers of poultry were carried out in Dhaka city. An interview guide was used to explore themes and topics relating to poultry-raising practices, hygiene and waste disposal practices relating to poultry and use of antibiotics in poultry. The objective was to understand human behaviours and practices that may contribute to environmental contamination with antibiotic-resistant bacteria from poultry and potential pathways of transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from poultry to humans. The research was part of a wider research project, Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Transmission from the Outdoor Environment to Humans in Urban and Rural Bangladesh. The research was funded by NERC/BBSRC/MRC on behalf of the Antimicrobial Resistance Cross-Council Initiative, award NE/N019555/1.12 years ago
- The dataset was collected between 2016-2018. A range of different environments were sampled including urban and rural sites in the South East of England, a compost facility in the East of England and a chicken farm in the South East of England. At each site viable bioaerosols (total bacteria, gram negative bacteria and fungi), endotoxin and particulates were measured.12 years ago
- This data resource provides plot-level plant occurrence data for the first five years (2015-2019) of the National Plant Monitoring Scheme (covering the UK, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man). Data consist of individual observations of plants, and other habitat characteristics, at the metre-scale; observations are accompanied by percentage cover information recorded according to the Domin frequency-abundance scale commonly used in plant community ecology. Other information provided includes the plot type (size, shape, according to the NPMS classification), the volunteer-recorded NPMS habitat, the date of sampling, and information regarding the spatial location of the plot. Information contained within the metadata file should allow users to reconstruct the sampling history (including gaps) of any plot that has been sampled within the NPMS scheme between 2015 and 2019. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Please be aware that this dataset is updated annually and that more recent versions exist.12 years ago
- The dataset contains model output from the land surface model JULES and the econometric agricultural land use model ECO-AG, at kilometre scale resolution over Great Britain for 8 different scenarios using unmitigated climate change. Modelled arable area, net primary productivity, runoff and irrigation demand are provided for scenarios combining and isolating the effects of climate, CO2 and irrigation. The driving climate data used to drive the models is from Regional Climate Model runs performed for the period 1998-2008 and for an eleven year period at 2100 for CO2 levels corresponding to the unmitigated Regional Concentration Pathway RCP8.5.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of measurements of topsoil (0-15 cm) physico-chemical properties from soils sampled from the first 106 1-km squares across Great Britain in 2018 and 2019 as part of a rolling soil and vegetation monitoring program of 500 1-km squares repeated every 5 years. The properties included are: pH, soil organic matter (loss on ignition, LOI), derived carbon concentration and carbon stock (SOC), soil group, soil bulk density of fine earth, soil moisture of wet soil, fine earth volumetric water content (dry), nitrogen concentration and stock, and Olsen-phosphorus concentration. The UKCEH Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and predecessors, with repeated visits to most of the squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way, we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, vegetation species data are also gathered by the current phase of the UKCEH Countryside Survey. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Data comprise weight (grams) of dried oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) frond litter remaining in a variety of litter bags after 10, 30, 60 and 90 days buried under the litter layer in oil palm plantations located in Riau Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. The bags all initially contained four grams of dried oil palm frond cut into 2 cm sections and the bags were oven-dried at 70oC to a constant weight. The plantations consisted of mature oil palm (data from 2014), and mature and replanted oil palm (data from 2016-2017) plots which are part of a large-scale ecological experiment programme (the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture project, established in 2013). Eighteen plots were examined across three estates – plots in Ujung Tanjung and Kandista estates were planted in 1987 to 1992 and are mature or over-mature oil palm, while Libo plots (2016-2017 dataset only) were replanted in 2014. Plots were organised in triplets and in Ujung Tanjung and Kandista, for each triplet one plot was assigned to each of three vegetation treatments: reduced vegetation cover, normal vegetation management and enhanced vegetation cover. There were three types of litter bags: fine mesh, 2mm mesh, and fine mesh with four 1 cm holes. Decomposition was measured six times from 2013 to 2017, including a reduced protocol in May 2016 at the peak of an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) related drought. The project 'Managing tropical agricultural ecosystems for resistance and recovery of ecosystem processes' was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council under NE/P00458X/1.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises seven ensembles of hydrological model estimates of monthly mean and annual maximum river flows (m3s-1) on a 0.1° × 0.1° grid (approximate grid of 10 km × 10 km) across West Africa for historical (1950 to 2005) and projected future (2006 to 2099) periods. This dataset is the output from the Hydrological Modelling Framework for West Africa, or 'HMF-WA' model. The ensembles correspond to historical and three projected future climate scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) with two future scenarios of water use. The scenarios of water use are (i) future water use that varies in line with projected population increases, and (ii) future water use is the same as present day. This dataset is an output from the regional scale hydrological modelling study from African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis-2050 (AMMA-2050) project.12 years ago
- Data collected from a progeny-provenance trial to examine Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) infection in native Scottish populations of Scots pine. Data include multiple infection assessments and height measurements and a single chlorophyll fluorescence measurement, record of branching and a defoliation assessment for each tree in the trial plus measurements of individual infected needles (length of lesions, number of lesions per needle, length of needle). The trial was transplanted from CEH Edinburgh in April 2013 to Torrs Warren forest, Galloway, a site known to be infected with Dothistroma needle blight (DNB), caused by Dothistroma septosporum. The experiment ran until September 2015 with infection assessments (% estimated DNB severity per tree) performed roughly every 6 months from September 2013.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises soil and environmental data for multiple European grassland soil samples which had been subjected to multiple climatic disturbances in the laboratory (including temporal responses to heat, freezing, flooding and drought). The data include information on sample provenance (site, replicate, treatments imposed, site description, etc.); measured metrics including functional measures (greenhouse gas fluxes, enzymes) and soil properties; and accession numbers for molecular data submitted to the European Nucleotide Archive.12 years ago
- The dataset contains 1km gridded estimates of hourly rainfall for Great Britain for the period 1990-2016. The estimates are derived by applying the nearest neighbour interpolation method to a national database of hourly raingauge observations collated by Newcastle University and the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH). These interpolated hourly estimates were then used to temporally disaggregate the CEH-GEAR daily rainfall dataset. The estimated rainfall on a given hour refers to the rainfall amount accumulated in the previous hour. The dataset also contains data indicating the distance between the grid point and the closest recording raingauge used in its interpolation. When this distance is greater than 50km, or there is zero rainfall recorded in the closest gauge, the daily value is disaggregated using a design storm. The dataset therefore also contains a flag indicating if the design storm was used. These data are provided as an indicator of the quality of the estimates.12 years ago
- Countryside Survey topsoil invertebrate data is representative of 0 - 8 cm soil depth and includes Total catch, Mite:Springtail ratio, Number of broad taxa and Shannon diversity. For invertebrate data, a total of 947 cores from 256 1km x 1km squares across Great Britain were analysed in 2007. Please see Emmett et al. 2010 for further details of sampling and methods (http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5201/1/CS_UK_2007_TR3%5B1%5D.pdf ). Estimates of mean values within selected habitats and parent material characteristics across GB were made using CS data from 1978, 1998 and 2007 using a mixed model approach. Please see Scott, 2008 for further details of similar statistical analysis (http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5202/1/CS_UK_2007_TR4%5B1%5D.pdf ). The estimated means of habitat /parent material combinations using 2007 data are modelled on dominant habitat and parent material characteristics derived from the Land Cover Map 2007 and Parent Material Model 2009, respectively. The parent material characteristic used was that which minimised AIC in each model (see Supporting Information). Areas, such as urban and littoral rock, are not sampled by CS and therefore have no associated data. Also, in some circumstances sample sizes for particular habitat / parent material combinations were insufficient to estimate mean values.12 years ago
- Data comprise audio files captured using a Wildlife Acoustics SM3 Songmeter located on an overgrown unpaved road close to several abandoned houses with deciduous trees (including fruit trees in former gardens) in the abandoned village of Buryakovka in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, Ukraine. A single continuous recording of twelve hours of audio from midday until midnight on the 25th June 2015 was manually annotated by an expert (using Raven Pro interactive sound analysis software). The dataset comprises the resultant five wave files (stereo .wav sampled at 48 kHz) and five annotation files (text files with the same name as the associated wave file).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of estimated gonad weight and associated data on male pike (Esox lucius) from net sampling in Windermere, Cumbria. Data collection began in 1945. The data were initially collected by the Freshwater Biological Association (FBA) but have been collected by CEH and its predecessor Institute of Freshwater Ecology (IFE) since 1989.12 years ago
- This dataset provides nightly values for activity of two Pipistrelle bat species (Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus pygmaeus) with associated weather and weekly potential food resource data. Bat activity was recorded continually on three ultrasonic acoustic loggers for 185 days (31/04 to 01/11/2014) in an upland pine forest in the Cairngorms National Park, Scotland.12 years ago
- This dataset contains maximum water depth and maximum water velocity for 12 different Glacial Lake outburst floods (GLOFs) scenarios of the Tsho Rolpa Lake, Nepal. Also included is the water depth of dam breach flow and discharge of dam breach flow under each scenario. The GLOFs scenarios were created using a simple dam breach model. A high-performance hydrodynamic model was then used to simulate the resulting flood hydrodynamics.12 years ago
- This dataset contains daily and sub-daily hydrometeorological and soil observations from COSMOS-UK (cosmic-ray soil moisture) monitoring network from October 2013 to the end of 2017. These data are from 46 sites across the UK recording a range of hydrometeorological and soil variables. Each site in the network hosts a cosmic-ray sensing probe; a novel sensor technology which can be used, in combination with hydrometeorological data, to calculate the volumetric water content of soil over a field scale. The hydrometeorological and soil data are recorded at a 30 minute resolution and they include neutron counts from the Cosmic-ray sensing probe, humidity and atmospheric pressure data that are used to derive volumetric water content at two temporal resolutions (hourly and daily). Also included are soil heat flux, air temperature, wind speed and radiation data which are used to derive potential evapotranspiration at a daily resolution. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.02 years ago
- This is the 25m rasterised land parcels dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2019 (LCM2019) representing Great Britain. It describes Great Britain's land cover in 2019 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset was derived by rasterising the corresponding LCM2019 land parcels dataset into 25m pixels. It is provided as a 3-band, 8-bit integer raster. The first band is the UKCEH Land Cover Class identifier. Bands 2 and 3 are indicators of classification confidence. For a fuller description please refer to the product documentation. LCM2019 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2019. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2019. LCM2019 was simultaneously released with LCM2017 and LCM2018. These are the latest in a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Great Britain (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps LCM2000, LCM2007 and LCM2015. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- The dataset contains a stratified survey of ecological and soil states at sites where fine scale patterns of covariation between vegetation and edaphic characteristics were recorded. Key data collection included leaf area index, moss and organic matter thickness, surface and deeper soil moisture. Data were collected at sites in the Yukon (2013) and Northwest Territories (2014), Canada.12 years ago
- The data resource consists of tree census data and shapefiles about plots established on invaded sub-tropical mountain secondary forests (Yungas) in the Horco Molle experimental reserve and Parque Sierra de San Javier (Horco Molle), Tucumán, Argentina. An experiment was conducted to investigate management control of the invasion of nonnative species Ligustrum to restore native tree diversity from June 2020 to November 2023. The data includes the census of 6 plots (240 metres by 140 metres, 3.36 hectares for each plot, the location specified in the shapefile), with arbitrary coordinates (x for the longest side and y for the shortest) to assess the location of each tree. For each tree stem, a tagged ID was assigned and the species recorded, the presence of secondary stems, its perimeter at breast height, the number of small stems, the number of death stems, stem shape and stem fusion. The work was carried out as part of NERC grant NE/S011641/1 Optimising the long-term management of invasive species affecting biodiversity and the rural economy using adaptive management02 years ago
- This data set contains stacked detection matrices for 28 recorded mammal species across 115 sampling locations at the Stability of Altered Forest Ecosystems (SAFE) project site located in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Information for each camera trap sampling location, including spatial information and sampling effort is included. Data were collected in order to determine the contribution of carbon-based policies to biodiversity conservation in agricultural land-use mosaics. These data are essential to the development of the occupancy detection matrix. Data were collected in 2015 during a project which was included in the NERC Human-modified tropical forest (HMTF) Programme.12 years ago
- This is a 10-metre pixel data set representing the land surface, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. The pixel product is given as a two-band raster in geoTiff format. The first band gives the most likely land cover type; the second band gives the probability associated with this land cover. The probability layer is an indicator of uncertainty (0 to 100). Low values correspond to low certainty (higher uncertainty). This is the first 10m resolution land cover map produced by UKCEH. It succeeds 20m resolution classified pixel products from 2017, 2018 and 2019. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2020 products are available from the product documentation accompanying this data.12 years ago
- This dataset contains Dissolved oxygen concentrations from two different locations in Durleigh Reservoir in Somerset, England. Two miniDOT oxygen loggers were fitted with miniWIPERs and deployed at two locations in Durleigh on 30 May 2018. Both sensors were collected on 5 October 2018 and the raw data files are presented in this dataset.12 years ago
- The dataset contains the Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) of trees > 10 cm along with botanical identification (family and species). Data were obtained via forest inventories, in annual campaigns (from 2017 to 2019) conducted in May, with exception of the first campaign, which was from June to November, due to the species identification activity. The research was conducted in a field site approximately 80 km north of Manaus, in the state of Amazonas, Brasil. The dendrometer dataset contains the distance in circumference (mm) from a window on the dendrometer band installed in the tree and measured with a digital caliper, where that distance changes when the trunk grows. Dendrometric bands data were collected from April 2018 to January 2020.12 years ago
- This dataset contains nitrogen data from nitrate, ammonium and nitrite, total nitrogen and carbon data, and elemental composition data from anaerobic digestate and biomass ash from UK bioenergy production. Anaerobic digestate was sampled 8 times from different industrial scale plants across the UK between January 2015 and January 2018 and biomass ash was sampled in January 2015 and June 2016. Anaerobic digestate was sourced from segregated food waste (mainly household waste), pig slurry, maize silage, vegetables waste, sweet corn waste, aerobically treated food waste, food manufacturer waste and other biodegradable sludge from within the UK. Biomass ash, both fly and bottom ash, from virgin and recycled wood was sourced from three sites within the UK and one from Spain. All laboratory analyses were undertaken at Lancaster University using standardised methods. The data were collected as part of the research grant, Developing a suite of novel land conditioners and plant fertilizers from the waste streams of biomass energy generation. The research was funded by NERC, award NE/L014122/1.12 years ago
- This dataset provides a 1km resolution raster (gridded) coverage of wooded areas in riparian zones (river- or streamsides) across Great Britain. The areas classified as riparian in this dataset are defined by a 50 metre buffer applied to the CEH 1:50000 watercourse network. Wooded areas within this zone are identified as those classified by the Land Cover Map of Great Britain 2007 as either coniferous or deciduous woodland. The data are aggregated to a 1km resolution.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises information of location and cytotype of over 1300 samples of Campanula rotundifolia L. from the northern hemisphere (mostly from Britain and Ireland) and data from a common garden study in which British and Irish cytotypes were grown together and their flowering phenology and growth were assessed. Campanula rotundifolia L. is a widespread polyploid perennial herbaceous plant, with diploid, tetraploid, pentaploid and hexaploid cytotypes.02 years ago
- This dataset contains information about surface and sub-surface hydraulic and hydrological soil properties across the Thames (UK) catchment. Soil dry bulk density, estimated soil porosity, soil moisture and soil moisture retention (to 100 cm suction) were determined through laboratory analysis of soil samples collected at five depths between the surface and 100 cm below ground level (where possible). Surface soil infiltration rates were measured, and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity was calculated at 25 cm and 45 cm depths (where possible). Field scale point data were collected at seven sites in the Thames Catchment, with three sub-groups of sites under different land use and management practices. The first land management group included three arable fields in the Cotswolds, Gloucestershire, on shallow soils over Limestone with no grass in rotation, herbal leys in rotation or rye and clover in rotation. The second group included two arable fields in near Wantage, Oxfordshire, on free draining loamy soils over chalk with conventional management or controlled traffic. The final group included a permanent grassland and broadleaf woodland on slowly permeable soil over mudstone near Oxford, Oxfordshire. Data were collected in representative infield areas; trafficked areas (e.g. tramlines or animal tracks), and untrafficked margins. Samples and measurements were taken between April 2021 and October 2021, with repeats taken before and after harvest. Soil samples were collected using Eijkelkamp 07.53.SC sample ring kit with closed ring holder and the Edelman auger and Stony auger when required. Infiltration measurements were taken using Mini Disk Infiltrometers. Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity was measured using Guelph permeameters. Soil bulk density and porosity were calculated using oven drying methods. Soil moisture retention was calculated using an Eijelkamp Sandbox. This dataset was collected by UKCEH as part of the 'Land management in lowland catchments for integrated flood risk reduction' (LANDWISE) project. LANDWISE seeks to examine how land use and management can be used to reduce the risk of flooding for communities. LANDWISE is one of three projects comprising the Natural Environment Research Council Natural Flood Management Research Programme. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/R004668/1.12 years ago
- This dataset estimates and spatially distributes anthropogenic emissions of five metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb & Zn) and seven air pollutants (CO, NH3, NOx, PM2.5, PM10, SOx & NMVOCs) in the UK, on a 1km x 1km resolution, from 1750 to 2100. The data from 1970 to 2018 are represented by the UK’s National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory and, as such, the Selected Nomenclature for Air Pollution (SNAP) sector classification system is used throughout the entire time series for consistency (see https://naei.beis.gov.uk/ for details). The work was supported by the UK-SCAPE programme funded by Natural Environmental Research Council National Capability (Award NE/R016429/1)12 years ago
- Data comprise results of a soil survey in England, Scotland and Wales carried out during 2013 and 2014 as part of the NERC Macronutrient Cycles project: LTLS : Analysing and simulating long-term and large-scale interactions of carbon nitrogen and phosphorus in UK land, freshwater and atmosphere. The data include bulk density measurements, charcoal and coal determinations, site locations and sampling dates, site vegetation data, soil chemistry and isotope data, soil classifications, information on soil cores collected and soil texture data.12 years ago
- The dataset comprises the electrical conductivity of a 10 gram soil sample from the top 5 centimetre (cm) of soil taken within each 1metre (m) x 1m quadrat. Sampling was conducted at six salt marsh sites at four spatial scales: 1 m (the minimal sampling unit) nested within a hierarchy of increasing scales of 1-10 m, 10-100 m and 100-1000 m. Three of the sites were in Morecambe Bay, North West England and three of the sites were in Essex, South East England. The Morecambe Bay samples were taken during the winter and summer of 2013. The Essex samples were taken during the winter, early spring and summer of 2013. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This data file contains processed data derived from the Environment Agency's Ecology and Fish Explorer Macroinvertebrate database. The recorded data is the abundance of freshwater macroinvertebrates taken by the Environment Agency (EA). The data were collected from sites throughout England, between 2002-2019, from March to May, and September to November. Samples were collected using three-minute kick-samples, whereby a net is used to catch invertebrates and debris flowing downstream of an area in a river which is disturbed by a recorder for three minutes. Data before 2002 were excluded as abundance of macroinvertebrates was not recorded widely before this year. The data were originally collected for the purpose of understanding water quality by the Environment Agency. The original EA data contains raw counts of mixed-taxonomic groupings of invertebrates and some diatoms and other taxa, from rivers in England with multiple sampling methodologies. Here, the derived data has been processed in such a way to combine counts at a single taxonomic level (family) containing only taxonomic groups of interest for the research, and the data are limited to one sampling method.12 years ago
- The dataset comprises a range of leaf traits, measured from leaf samples collected from trees growing on deep alluvial soils and shallow chalk soils, near Mickleham in Surrey, UK. Across both sites, leaves were collected from 66 trees, representing six species. The six species common to both sites were: Acer campestre (field maple), Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore), Corylus avellana (hazel), Crataegus monogyna (hawthorn), Fraxinus excelsior (ash) and Sambucus nigra (elder). Data were collected under the NERC Human-modified Tropical Forests (HMTF) Programme by the University of Cambridge in 2015.12 years ago
- Discharge data and in-stream temperature for a peatland headwater stream of the Conwy catchment, North Wales are presented from March 2008 until July 2011. The stream for which the data represents is the Nant y Brwyn situated on the Migneint blanket bog within Snowdonia National Park. The purpose of the data is to calculate annual run-off estimates for the Nant y Brwyn catchment and to provide support for estimating fluvial carbon fluxes. Note: there are gaps in this data set due to equipment/battery failures and/or freezing of the stream. Note dates added to dataset name on 22/06/201712 years ago
- This dataset provides hydro-meteorological timeseries and landscape attributes for 671 catchments across Great Britain. It collates river flows, catchment attributes and catchment boundaries from the UK National River Flow Archive together with a suite of new meteorological timeseries and catchment attributes. Daily timeseries for the time period 1st October 1970 to the 30th September 2015 are provided for a range of hydro-meteorological data (including rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, temperature, radiation, humidity and flow). A comprehensive set of catchment attributes are quantified describing a range of catchment characteristics including topography, climate, hydrology, land cover, soils, hydrogeology, human influences and discharge uncertainty. This dataset is intended for the community as a freely available, easily accessible dataset to use in a wide range of environmental data and modelling analyses. A research paper (Coxon et al, CAMELS-GB: Hydrometeorological time series and landscape attributes for 671 catchments in Great Britain) describing the dataset in detail will be made available in Earth System Science Data (https://www.earth-system-science-data.net/).12 years ago
- These spatial layers quantify the predicted habitat suitability for Rhododendron ponticum across Scotland. These layers were developed with reference to this species role as reservoir host for Phytophthora plant pathogens, but should have value for management of Rhododendron ponticum as a problematic invasive species. The models were developed by combining biological records of R. ponticum with climate, soil, elevation and woodland cover data. The dataset contains averaged estimates for R. ponticum presence, associated standard deviation for each estimate and locations where environmental conditions in the study region strayed too far from the training set data. This research was funded by the Scottish Government under research contract CR/2008/55, 'Study of the epidemiology of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora kernoviae in managed gardens and heathlands in Scotland' and involved collaborators from St Andrews University, Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture (SASA), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), Forest Research, Forestry Commission and Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH).12 years ago
- Eddy covariance (EC) observations of surface-atmosphere exchanges of sensible heat and latent heat, momentum and net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange were measured at thirty minute resolution at three Land Surface Stations in India. The dataset includes ancillary weather and soil physics observations, as well as variables describing atmospheric turbulence and the quality of the turbulent flux observations. Meteorological observations include: the net radiation and its incoming and outgoing short- and long-wave components, air temperature, barometric pressure, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall. Soil physics observations include: Soil heat fluxes, soil temperatures and soil volumetric water content. Observations were collected under the Interaction of Convective Organization and Monsoon Precipitation, Atmosphere, Surface and Sea (INCOMPASS) Project between January 2016 and January 2018.12 years ago
- The dataset details macrofaunal abundance across 6 intertidal sites in the winter and summer of 2013. The data provide a quantitative measure of the invertebrate species present within the top 10cm of sediment. Three sites were located in Essex, South East England and the other 3 in Morecambe Bay, North West England. Each site consisted of a saltmarsh habitat and adjacent mudflat habitat. 22 sampling quadrats were placed in each habitat covering 4 spatial scales. 3 replicate cores of sediment were collected at each quadrat. They were sieved on a 0.5mm mesh and the macrofauna was removed, identified to species (or appropriate taxon) and individuals counted. Values for macrofaunal abundance are expressed as number of individuals per square metre of sediment. Abundance data for mudflat habitats across Essex and Morecambe are complete, however, saltmarsh data is only available for one full Essex site (Tillingham Marsh), in one season (winter) and across all sites, but only at the 1m scale. This data was collected as part of Coastal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (CBESS): NE/J015644/1. The project was funded with support from the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. BESS is a six-year programme (2011-2017) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of the UK's Living with Environmental Change (LWEC) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises of derived annual statistics for measures of rainfall, streamflow, temperature and stream acidity (pH) for a stream, draining a small, approximately 0.6 square kilometres, upland grassland catchment. The stream, Nant Esgair Garn, drains into the Llyn Brianne reservoir, Powys, United Kingdom. The data are for a 31 year period covering 1st April 1982 to 1st April 2012. The streamflow and acidity data are derived from 15 minute resolution observations throughout the calendar year 2013 from associated stream gauging and water quality stations on the Nant Esgair Garn. The monthly rainfall measures presented, were derived from local rain gauges. The monthly temperature measures presented were derived from observations at a weather station near Talgarth, Powys. Routines within the Lancaster University Computer-Aided Program for Time-series Analysis and Identification of Noisy Systems (CAPTAIN) Toolbox for Matlab were used to develop a dynamic model of these data. These models were then used to simulate the 31-year record for which monthly statistics were derived. The statistics were derived to develop greater understanding of the controls on the long-term dynamics of aquatic biodiversity observed by other researchers in this stream. The work was part of the Diversity in Upland River Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project, NERC grant NE/J014826/1. Members of staff from the Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University installed, maintained and downloaded the stream gauging and water quality stations and also carried out statistical analysis of the data.12 years ago
- This dataset contains measurements of carbon dioxide gas exchange over a site restored from plantation forest to peat in 1997/1998, in the Flow Country, Caithness and Sutherland. It contains eddy-covariance and associated meteorological and pedological measurements from 2015-08-19 11:00 to 2022-12-31 at half-hourly intervals. The carbon dioxide time series has been gap-filled to allow the calculation of annual budgets for carbon exchange. The site reference is UK-THE ( http://www.europe-fluxdata.eu/home/sites-list )02 years ago
- These data are based on the UK rainfall chemistry data held on the UK-AIR database operated on behalf of Defra (http://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/). A subset of 20 sites was analysed, being those with the longest continuous data record from 1986 to 2011. Rainfall samples from bulk collectors were taken weekly or two-weekly at sites across the UK and analyzed by a central laboratory. The raw reported data contain some samples which were contaminated by bird droppings, or by wind-blown dust, and should not be used to estimate annual or long-term wet deposition at the measurement sites. Some samples were missing for other reasons, such as physical loss of the rain sample prior to analysis. Following identification and removal of contaminated sample data, the missing data were estimated, where possible, using statistical interpolation across both time and space with the GENSTAT procedure MULTMISSING. The final datasets contain the accepted and estimated data values, flagged as appropriate. The data filenames correspond to the sites as listed in the UK-AIR database (Allt a'Mharcaidh, Bannisdale, Barcombe Mills, Bottesford, Eskdalemuir, Flatford Mill, Goonhilly, High Muffles, Hillsborough, Loch Dee, Lough Navar, Preston Montford, Pumlumon, Stoke Ferry, Strathvaich, Thorganby, Tycanol Wood,Wardlow Hay Cop, Whiteadder, Yarner Wood). This cleaned dataset was prepared by Neil Cape, Ron Smith and David Leaver at CEH Edinburgh on behalf of Defra and the Devolved Administrations under the project Pollutant Deposition Processes.12 years ago
- The data consists of leaf traits and nutrients from litterfall in a fertilised old-growth forest in the Central Amazon. Data was collected in a full factorial nutrient addition experiment (nitrogen, phosphorus, and cation treatments). The dataset includes realized leaf area, and Leaf Mass Area (LMA). The field work was completed in August of 2017, 2018 and 2019. The study was funded by NERC, BDFFP (logistical support), and the Brazilian government (students' scholarship).12 years ago
- The data describes future land use projections at 1 km^2 resolution developed by CRAFTY-GB. For each of six Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP-RCP) scenarios, gridded land use maps for Great Britain are provided, each as a stacked raster file with seven bands representing land use at each decadal timestep, from 2020 to 2080. CRAFTY-GB is a new agent-based model of the British land system operating at a 1 km^2 resolution and based on a broad range of available land system data . The model is based on linked UK-RCP climate scenarios and UK-SSPs socio-economic pathway (SSP) scenarios, based on global SSPs developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It extrapolates the impact of these on the British Land system at decadal timesteps from 2020-2080.12 years ago
- The data set contains grain size distributions, organic matter (OM) content and trace metal distribution (including Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr and Pb) of 37 shallow cores of sediments sampled from dams across the Limpopo River Basin. The dams include: Gaborone, Lotsane and Shashe dams in Botswana; Houtrivier, Nwanedi and Mutshedzi dams in South Africa; Ripple Creek and Zhovhe dams in Zimbabwe; and Massingir Dam in Mozambique. Data from two cores sampled from an oxbow lake in Mozambique are also included. The cores were collected with a gravity corer using PVC pipes of 5 cm diameter by a team from Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST) led by Dr. Franchi between July 2018 and April 2021.12 years ago
- This dataset contains gridded population with a spatial resolution of 1 km x 1 km for the UK based on Census 2011 and Land Cover Map 2007 input data. Data on population distribution for the United Kingdom is available from statistical offices in England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland and provided to the public e.g. via the Office for National Statistics (ONS). Population data is typically provided in tabular form or, based on a range of different geographical units, in file types for geographical information systems (GIS), for instance as ESRI Shapefiles. The geographical units reflect administrative boundaries at different levels of detail, from Devolved Administration to Output Areas (OA), wards or intermediate geographies . While the presentation of data on the level of these geographical units is useful for statistical purposes, accounting for spatial variability for instance of environmental determinants of public health requires a more spatially homogeneous population distribution. For this purpose, the dataset presented here combines 2011 UK Census population data on Output Area level with Land Cover Map 2007 land-use classes 'urban' and 'suburban' to create a consistent and comprehensive gridded population data product at 1 km x 1 km spatial resolution. The mapping product is based on British National Grid (OSGB36 datum).02 years ago
- Data comprise scenarios of how land use can be in the future and how will it affect ecosystem services in rural Mozambique. The scenarios were constructed from information gathered at five workshops held in Maputo, Xai Xai, Quelimane and Lichinga in 2014 and 2015. The objective of the workshops was to examine aspects that influence well-being (e.g. ecosystem services) and their causes (e.g. change in land use) in the Miombo woodland area of rural Mozambique and identify actions that could contribute to poverty alleviation and biodiversity conservation. The final objective was to construct scenarios of how the land use can be in Mozambique in the future (2035). The data were collected as part of the Abrupt Changes in Ecosystem Services and Wellbeing in Mozambican Woodlands (ACES) project and were funded by the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme, funded by NERC, the Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) and the Department for International Development (DfID), the three are government organizations from UK. The project was led by the University of Edinburgh, with the collaboration of the Universidad Mondlane, the IIED, and other organizations.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of plant species presence and abundance in different sizes and types of plots from 508 1km x 1km square sites surveyed across Great Britain in 1990. Many of the plots are repeated from surveys in 1978 and were surveyed again in 1998 and 2007. General information about the plot was recorded including plot number and type as well as species presence and (usually) cover. Data were collected under the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- This dataset presents both isotopic and elemental data for a series of cation exchange experiments between mineral water, montmorillonite clay and seawater. These were a series of in-house experiments to determine isotopic fractionation and elemental distribution coefficients (if any) as the exchange pool switched from mineral water rich to seawater rich.02 years ago
- Vegetation species and soil data from a large national survey of calcareous grasslands, carried out in Great Britain in 1990-1993 (referred to as 1990) and 2006-2009 (referred to as 2007). Up to 128 12x12m plots were surveyed from across the country, selected on the basis of being representative of the calcareous grassland type. Details about plant species and soils were collected using standardized survey methods. The 1990 survey was completed under a contract from the Department of the Environment, by Lancaster University. The repeat survey in 2007 was completed under a NERC Grant by staff from Lancaster University, York University, Radboud University, Countryside Commission for Wales, National Museum Wales and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (length) data for landscape linear features across Great Britain in 1984. Data are presented as lengths of different feature categories (such as fences, walls and lines of trees), with associated species attributes, from 382 km squares, surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project (note: not all surveyed squares contained linear features). The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to linear features, habitat areas, vegetation species plot, soil plot, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- Data comprise a catalogue of motion activated digital trap camera images of Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx (L., 1758)) obtained from motion-activated digital trap cameras located within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, Ukraine (CEZ) over multiple years (2012-2018). Images of Eurasian lynx obtained from the cameras are included as part of the dataset. The data were obtained from three research projects: (1) NatEnvPr - Studies conducted 2012–2018 (2) TREE - Studies conducted 2014–2016 and (3) RED FIRE - Studies conducted 2016–2017 The cameras for all projects were setup with the aim to capture images of medium-large mammals; the studies were not designed to obtain quantitative assessments of abundance and density of Eurasian lynx across the CEZ. No bait was used during any of the studies.12 years ago
- Site indices, as a relative measure of the actual population size, for UK butterfly species calculated from data from the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Site indices are a relative rather than an absolute measure of the size of a population, and have been shown to relate closely to other, more intensive, measures of population size such as mark, release, recapture (MRR) methods. The site index can be thought of as a relative measure of the actual population size, being a more or less constant proportion of the number of butterflies present. The proportion seen is likely to vary according to species; some butterfly species are more conspicuous and thus more easily detected, whereas others are much less easy to see. Site indices are only calculated at sites with sufficient monitoring visits throughout the season, or for targeted reduced effort surveys (timed observations, larval web counts and egg counts) where counts are generally obtained as close to the peak of the flight period as possible and are subsequently adjusted for the time of year and size of the site (area of suitable habitat type for a given species). Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) sites are thus excluded because they are based on very few visits from which accurate indices of abundance cannot currently be calculated. For transect sites a statistical model (a General Additive Model, 'GAM') is used to impute missing values and to calculate a site index. Each year most transect sites (over 90%) produce an index for at least one species and in recent years site indices are calculated for almost 1,500 sites across the UK. Site indices are subsequently collated to contribute to the overall 'Collated Index' for each species, which are relative measures of the abundance of each species across a geographical area, for example, across the whole UK or at country level in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. Individual site indices are important in informing conservation management as not all sites show the same patterns for each species and likely reflect a combination of local climate and habitat management at the site. Although the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of site indices, the collection of the data used in its creation is ultimately reliant on a large volunteer community. The UKBMS is run by BC, the CEH and the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), in partnership with the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), and supported and steered by Forestry Commission (FC), Natural England (NE), Natural Resources Wales (NRW), Northern Ireland Environment Agency (NIEA), and Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme.02 years ago
- The dataset contains physical, chemical and biological measurements from the waters of 21 river sites across the Red River Delta in northern Vietnam. The data were collected monthly between February 2018 and January 2020. The parameters include temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, pH, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids, dissolved nitrate, dissolved nitrite, dissolved ammonium, total nitrogen, dissolved phosphate, dissolved silicate, alkalinity, dissolved major ions (sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, chloride, sulphate) and a range of chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments from riverine seston.12 years ago
- The data include temperature and relative humidity (RH) values recorded every minute inside and outside whole-tree, passive heating, open top chambers. Respiration and photosynthesis rates were recorded (at incremental controlled leaf temperatures) on leaves on study individuals of Erythroxylum suberosum growing inside and outside the chambers. Temperature, RH, and solar irradiance were measured every fifteen minutes by local weather station are also included for the whole testing period, June to September 2020, in an area of typical Cerrado, Bacaba Park, Nova Xavantina, Brazil. The data were collected to enable development of methodology and testing of, a novel in situ passive heating method for evaluating whole-tree responses to daytime warming in remote environments using an open top chamber.12 years ago
- Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) data for Integrated Hydrological Units (IHU) Hydrometric Areas (Kral et al. [1]). SPI is a drought index based on the probability of precipitation for a given accumulation period as defined by McKee et al. [2]. SPI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the gamma distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1961 to 2012. [1] Kral, F., Fry, M., Dixon, H. (2015). Integrated Hydrological Units of the United Kingdom: Hydrometric Areas without Coastline. NERC-Environmental Information Data Centre doi:10.5285/3a4e94fc-4c68-47eb-a217-adee2a6b02b3 [2] McKee, T. B., Doesken, N. J., Kleist, J. (1993). The Relationship of Drought Frequency and Duration to Time Scales. Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology, 17-22 January 1993, Anaheim, California.12 years ago
- The dataset includes information on antibiotic-resistance and resistance genes in bacteria (Escherichia coli) from humans, poultry and the environment in rural households, poultry farms and urban food markets. The rural households and poultry farms (broiler chickens) were located in Mirzapur, Tangail district; and urban food markets were located in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Environmental samples were collected from surface water, water supply, wastewater, soil, animal faeces (poultry and cattle) and solid waste between February 2017 and October 2018 . DNA samples from antibiotic-resistant bacteria found in all samples were analysed for quantitative assessment of two resistance genes. Trained staff from the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) undertook sample collection and laboratory analysis. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and associated genes among humans, poultry and environmental compartments in Bangladesh. The survey was part of a wider research project, Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Antimicrobial Resistance Transmission from the Outdoor Environment to Humans in Urban and Rural Bangladesh. The research was funded by NERC/BBSRC/MRC on behalf of the Antimicrobial Resistance Cross-Council Initiative award NE/N019555/1.12 years ago
- Time series data of carbon release in disintegrations per minute are presented for different nitrogen and phosphorus treatments with a high glucose concentration substrate added as a carbon source to soil samples from six depths (0-15, 15-30, 50-100, 100-150, 150-200 and 250-300 centimetres). Soil cores were collected from a field experiment in the Conwy catchment in July 2016 and returned the laboratories of the School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University. A high molecular weight substrate was added as a carbon source to the samples and the rate of 14C-substrate mineralization measured. All the work was carried out by trained members of staff from Bangor University and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The measurements were taken to improve understanding of the relationship between microbial activity and soil properties and depth of sampling, under differing nutrient availability. The data were collected for the NERC project 'The Multi-Scale Response of Water quality, Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration to Coupled Macronutrient Cycling from Source to Sea' (NE/J011991/1). The project is also referred to as Turf2Surf.12 years ago
- This dataset provides linear trends, over varying time periods, for the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS) Collated Indices of individual butterfly species across the UK. The main statistical values derived from a linear regression (slope, standard error, P-value) are presented for the entire time series for each species (1976 to 2016), for the last 20 years, and for the last decade. In addition a trend class, based on slope direction and its significance, and a percentage change for that time period are provided to describe the statistical trends. These trend data are provided for 59 UK butterfly species. Trends across different time series allow us to determine the long and short-term trends for individual species. This enables us to focus conservation and research and also to assess species responses to conservation already in place. The Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and Butterfly Conservation (BC) are responsible for the calculation and interpretation of the trend datasets. The collection of the underlying UKBMS data is reliant on a large volunteer community. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is funded by a consortium of organisations led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC).12 years ago
- This dataset includes capture data for insectivorous bats captured with harp traps in Sabah, Malaysia, and dietary metabarcoding data. The dietary data was generated through obtaining bat faeces, extracting the DNA, amplifying it using ZBJ-ArtF1c ZBJ-ArtR2c primers, and then sequencing it on an illumina miseq. Code to aid interpreting the data can be found at https://doi.org/10.17636/01044623 This data was collected as part of the NERC-funded LOMBOK HMTF project, also using a small grant from Bat Conservation International.12 years ago
- The data nitrogen gene data, soil biodiversity indices and microbial community composition, for three soil depths (0-15, 15-30 and 30-60 cm) from a three-cut silage plot trial located at three grassland sites within the UK collected between April 2016 and October 2016. The sites were Rothamsted Research at North Wyke in Devon, Bangor University at Henfaes Research Station in North Wales and Easter Bush in Scotland. At each site measurements were taken from 16 plots, organised within a randomised complete block design where 4 plots did not receive fertilizers (controls), 4 plots received urea only, 4 plots received urea and urea-inhibitors, and 4 plots received ammonium-nitrate (Nitram). Fertiliser was applied three times and three cuts were performed, all parameters measured were following a fertiliser application. Samples were taken before the fertilizer additions, at peak growth and before the last silage cut. Soil chemical parameters were: soil nitrate, ammonium, dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, amino acids and peptides, soil organic matter content as loss-on-ignition, pH, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, permanganate oxdisable carbon citric acid extractable phosphorous, Olsen-P and total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Soil biological measure were: microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen. Soil physico-chemical parameters were measured on the same samples and are available in a related dataset measured on the same soil samples and are presented in a separate dataset in the project data series (https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/7a87dde4-b54e-49b0-8751-1d59e8aebb90). Measurements were undertaken by members of staff from the Centre of Ecology & Hydrology (Bangor, Edinburgh, Lancaster, Wallingford), Bangor University, School of Environment, Natural Resources & Geography and Rothamsted Research, Sustainable Agricultural Sciences, North Wyke. Data was collected for the Newton Fund project 'UK-China Virtual Joint Centre for Improved Nitrogen Agronomy'. Funded by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and NERC - Ref BB/N013468/112 years ago
- This dataset consists of measurements of bulk density, carbon and nitrogen content in soil profiles from permafrost in subarctic Canada. Soil cores were sampled during early summer in 2013 and 2014. Soil cores were sampled from a peatland plateau and thawing features of the peatland plateau, and from an unburnt and burnt black spruce forest, and additional sites in Yukon and Northwest Territories.12 years ago
- Dataset contains water chemistry data (pH, conductivity, dissolved carbon, dissolved gases, absorbance) from natural and artificial/restoration peat pools in Scottish peatlands. Water samples were collected seasonally from three sites, and more frequently (up to weekly) from one site, in within the Flow Country.12 years ago
- This dataset contains time series observations of surface-atmosphere exchanges of net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE), sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE), and momentum (τ) measured at a field of winter wheat in Lincolnshire, UK during the 2012 growing season. Turbulent flux densities were monitored using the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) technique between 5th April 2012 and 8th August 2012. The dataset includes ancillary weather and soil physics observations, as well as variables describing atmospheric turbulence and the quality of the turbulent flux observations.12 years ago
- This dataset contains daily and sub-daily hydrometeorological and soil moisture observations from COSMOS-UK (cosmic-ray soil moisture) monitoring network from October 2013 to the end of 2023. These data are from 51 sites across the UK recording a range of hydrometeorological and soil variables. Each site in the network records the following hydrometeorological and soil data at 30-minute resolution: Radiation (short wave, long wave, and net), precipitation, atmospheric pressure, air temperature, wind speed and direction, humidity, soil heat flux, and soil temperature and volumetric water content (VWC), measured by point sensors at various depths. Each site hosts a cosmic-ray sensing probe; a novel sensor technology which counts fast neutrons in the surrounding atmosphere. In combination with the recorded hydrometeorological data, neutron counts are used to derive VWC over a field scale (COSMOS VWC), provide at daily resolution. The presence of snow leads to erroneously high measurements of COSMOS VWC due to all the extra water in the surrounding area. Included in the daily data are indications of snow days, on which, the COSMOS VWC are adjusted, and the snow water equivalent (SWE) is given. The potential evapotranspiration (PE), derived from recorded hydrometeorological and soil are also included at daily resolution. Two levels of quality control are carried out, firstly data is run through a series of automated checks, such as range tests and spike tests, and then all data is manually inspected each week where any other faults are picked up, including sensor faults or connection issues. Quality control flags are provided for all recorded (30 minute) data, indicating the reason for any missing data. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset presents modelled estimates of soil invertebrate density (individuals m-2) at 1km2 resolution across Great Britain. A Generalized Additive Model approach was used with Countryside Survey soil invertebrate density data from 2007 and including climate, habitat, soil and spatial predictors. The model is based on soil invertebrate density data from 830 locations across Great Britain and is representative of 0-8 cm soil depth. Soil invertebrates were extracted from cores using a dry Tullgren extraction method and enumerated by microscope. The Countryside Survey looks at a range of physical, chemical and biological properties of the topsoil from a representative sample of habitats across the UK. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset contains water chemistry and phytoplankton cell counts collected from 3 different depths at 3 different sites in Durleigh Reservoir in Somerset, England, during 2018. Water samples were collected on 22 Feb, 5 Apr, 20 Apr, 30 May, 13 Jun, 27 Jun, 9 Jul, 24 Jul, 20 Aug, 21 Aug, 22 Aug, 23 Aug, 24 Aug, and 5 Oct 2018. The data available to download includes phytoplankton cell counts (cells/ml), turbidity (NTU), pH, Ammonia (mg/l), total oxidised nitrogen (mg/l) nitrite (mg/l), nitrate (mg/l), ammonium (mg/l), orthophosphate (mg/l), silica (mg/l), Potassium (mg/l), Calcium (mg/l), Geosmin (ng/l), 2-MIB (ng/l), total and soluble manganese, iron, copper, magnesium, zinc, and aluminium (all: mg/l).12 years ago
- This data resource provides plot-level plant occurrence data for the first seven years (2015-2021) of the National Plant Monitoring Scheme (covering the UK, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man). Data consist of individual observations of plants, and other habitat characteristics, at the metre-scale; observations are accompanied by percentage cover information recorded according to the Domin frequency-abundance scale commonly used in plant community ecology. Other information provided includes the plot type (size, shape, according to the NPMS classification), the volunteer-recorded NPMS habitat, the date of sampling, and information regarding the spatial location of the plot. Information contained within the metadata file should allow users to reconstruct the sampling history (including gaps) of any plot that has been sampled within the NPMS scheme between 2015 and 2021. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Please be aware that this dataset is updated annually and that more recent versions exist.12 years ago
- Here, we present a comprehensive traits database for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland. The database covers 968 species in 21 families. Ecological traits fall into four main categories: life cycle ecology and phenology, host plant specificity and characteristics, breeding habitat, and morphological characteristics. The database also contains data regarding species distribution, conservation status, and temporal trends for abundance and occupancy. This database can be used for a wide array of purposes including further fundamental research on species and community responses to environmental change, conservation and management studies, and evolutionary biology.12 years ago
- A spatial indicator of ecological status for valuation of biodiversity across the UK, based on species occurrence records for eleven taxonomic groups (Bees, Birds, Bryophytes, Butterflies, Carabidae, Hoverflies, Isopoda, Ladybirds, Moths, Orthoptera and Vascular plants) was developed. UK species occurrence data were collated from the Biological Records Centre (BRC). The mean ecological status was calculated across all taxonomic groups for the 2000 to 2013 time period, relative to the species richness maximums from the 1970-1990 time period. This version supersedes the dataset 'UK ecological status map'.12 years ago
- This dataset includes spatially-explicit input, output and summary data from the use of dynamic global vegetation model, the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES V5.6). This includes the spatial extent of extant, current-secondary and potential- secondary forests, as well as both preindustrial (1900-1910) and recent (2005-2014) average O3 concentrations resampled at a spatial resolution of 1.25 deg latitude by 1.875 deg longitude. Output data includes the modelled impact of O3 on net-primary productivity (NPP) of tropical forests under current O3 concentrations as well as the cumulative impact on the global carbon cycle. This dataset was created to model predicted impacts of ozone (O3) on tropical forests across the globe between 1900 and 2015, and is supported by NERC PROJECT: NE/R001812/1 Ozone impacts on tropical vegetation; implications for forest productivity (Trop-Oz).12 years ago
- Data comprise mealworm predation rates measured after 24 hours exposure to invertebrates in mature oil palm (2014), and mature and replanted oil palm (2016-2017) plots as part of a large-scale ecological experiment programme (the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture project, established in 2013). Eighteen plots were examined across three estates - plots in Ujung Tanjung and Kandista estates were planted in 1987 to 1992 and are mature or over-mature oil palm, while Libo plots (2016-2017 dataset only) were replanted in 2014. Plots were organised in triplets and in in Ujung Tanjung and Kandista, for each triplet one plot was assigned to each of three vegetation treatments: Reduced vegetation cover, normal vegetation management and enhanced vegetation cover. Freshly-killed mealworms (larvae of darkling beetles, Tenebrionidae sp.) were glued onto oil palm fronds trimmed so that ca. 10 cm of each of six leaflets remained. Exclusion and stratum treatments in factorial combinations were applied: caged and uncaged, canopy and ground. The cage exclusion treatments were designed so that most invertebrates could access the fronds but vertebrates could not.12 years ago
- Triazine, organophosphate and pyrethroid (TOP) pesticide data from river water collected at various sites within the Humber catchment area as part of the Land Ocean Interaction Study project (LOIS).. Water samples were collected weekly and during storm periods between 1994 and 1996. The unfiltered samples were extracted on the day of collection using solid-phase-extraction (SPE), the SPE cartridges stored overnight at 4 degreesC and then transported to the Institute of Freshwater Ecology (IFE), Wareham for elution, drying and Gas Chromatography (GC) analysis. Pesticides measured were Atrazine, Cyanazin, Desmetryn, Fenitrothion, HCH gamma, Malathion, Parathion, Permethrin, Prometryn, Simazine, Terbutryn. The sampling and extraction of the pesticides was carried out by the LOIS team at York University and the elution and sample preparation for GC analysis was done at IFE.12 years ago
- These data are leaf litter decomposition rate in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as a control (no addition of deciduous leaves). To characterise the leaf litter decomposition of the studied streams, onion bags were placed during November 2012, and then collected during January 2013 (before deciduous leaf addition) and March 2013 (after deciduous leaf addition) in each sampling reach. The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity and litter decomposition respond to leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Dr Hugh Feeley, Dr Dan Perkins and Marian Pye were in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme.12 years ago
- This dataset holds daily data from one automated weather station (AWS) located at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. The data are on relative humidity (percent), air temperature (degrees Celsius), rainfall (millimetres), air pressure (millibars), net radiation (millivolts), solar radiation (kilowatts per square metre per second), photosynthetic active radiation (PAR; micromol per square metre per second), wind speed (metres per second) and wind direction (degrees). The data is an extension for the AWS datasets 1999-2015, 2015-2016 and 2016-2021 covering the time period January 2022 to December 2023. Data are logged in minute intervals, averaged to half-hourly. The data are sent from the field site to a UKCEH server. A working copy is created, quality assurance checks carried out and daily averages calculated from half-hourly records. Data which were not recorded are marked with “NA”, faulty data were replaced by “-9999”. Note, the rainfall sensor was broken during this time period, but the column is kept in the datafile for consistency with previous data records. Data collection, processing and quality checking was carried out by members of UKCEH staff. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported data are collected to monitor site specific environmental conditions and their development over time. These data are important to interpret results that are collected from the climate change manipulations imposed in the field.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of spatially explicit (1 km gridded) metrics of climate change “exposure” (i.e. an index of the amount of expected change in a location) derived from quantifying the difference in observed historical and predicted future climatic conditions. Four comparisons are included between five discrete time periods: 1901–1930 v. 1961–1990; 1961–1990 v. 2010–2019; 2010–2019 v. 2021–2040; and 2021–2040 v. 2061–2080.12 years ago
- The provided data presents a list of greenhouse gas removal practices for soil organic carbon sequestration, which are suitable under biophysical, economic and social consideration. The list is the result of the first step in analysing the potential of agricultural soils to sequester carbon globally and is part of the NERC funded project Soils-R-GGREAT (NE/P019455/1). The work is based on literature research and expert panel and judgements. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/P019455/1)12 years ago
- Data are presented on earthworm abundance with distance from hedgerows was recorded for arable fields and pasture leys at Spens farm, the University of Leeds experiment farms, Yorkshire. Sampling was carried out annual from April 2015 to April 2017 with additional sampling in December 2015, and July and October 2016. Pits were excavated and soil hand sorted for earthworms. Mustard solution was then poured into the pit and any emerging earthworms collected. All earthworms were preserved in ethanol for identification using the Sims and Gerard Field studies key. At each pit the following measurements were also taken: soil moisture, soil temperature, soil bulk density. The samples were taken to determine the influence of leys on soil quality by Miranda Prendergast-Miller and colleagues as part of the SoilBioHedge project (Grant Reference NE/M017095/1) funded by the NERC Soil Security Programme. (Grant Reference NE/M017044/1).12 years ago
- Data from literature search systematically conducted using two widely-used academic databases: Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus . Data include the annual amount of KM publication in China and across the world, in WoS, the total amount of knowledge management (KM) publication during the searched years for each country (top 20), in Scopus, the total amount of KM publication during the searched years for each country (top 20), information about the retained KM publication for environmental management in China. The data were generated during the NERC grant 'The transmissive critical zone: understanding the karst hydrology-biogeochemical interface for sustainable management' reference NE/N007425/1 undertaken as part of the NERC Using Critical Zone Science to Understand Sustaining the Ecosystem Service of Soil & Water (CZO) programme.12 years ago
- This is the 20m classified pixels dataset for the UKCEH Land Cover Map of 2019 (LCM2019) representing Great Britain. It describes Great Britain's land cover in 2019 using UKCEH Land Cover Classes, which are based on UK Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. This dataset is the Random Forest classification result from classifying a 20m pixel raster containing multi-season spectral information combined with context layers, which help to resolve spectral confusion. It is provided as a two-band, 8-bit integer raster. Band 1 is the UKCEH Land Cover Class identifier, band 2 is an indicator of classification confidence. For a fuller description please refer to the product documentation. LCM2019 represents a suite of geospatial land cover datasets (raster and polygon) describing the UK land surface in 2019. These were produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2019. LCM2019 was simultaneously released with LCM2017 and LCM2018. These are one in a series of UKCEH land cover maps, which began with the 1990 Land Cover Map of Great Britain (now usually referred to as LCM1990) followed by UK-wide land cover maps LCM2000, LCM2007 and LCM2015. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset includes measurements of annual growth of the higher plant species in the experimental plots at the Climoor field site in the Clocaenog Forest, NE Wales. Years include 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009, and in each the measurements were taken in August (at a time of maximum veteative growth at the site). Data include maximum shoot elongation, leading shoot length, and number of flowers, leaves and branches.02 years ago
- Land Cover Map 2007 (LCM2007) is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors. It also covers Northern Ireland and incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible, incorporating land cover classes sought by other users. LCM2007 is produced in both vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. This dataset consists of the 1km raster, percentage Aggregate Class. Northern Ireland only.12 years ago
- This is a 10m pixel data set representing the land surface of Northern Ireland, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. It is a two-band raster in GeoTiff format. The first band gives the most likely land cover type; the second band gives the per-parcel probability of the land cover. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2023 products are available from the LCM2023 product documentation.12 years ago
- The data comprise of four datasets for Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Mulika) from a season-long ozone exposure experiment in mesocosms: i) Yield and biomass data (including harvest index and individual grain weight) gathered at the end of the experiment; ii) measurements of chlorophyll content index (CCI) measured ad-hoc using a Soil-Plant Analyses Development (SPAD) chlorophyll meter throughout the experiment across all treatments; iii) measurements of leaf stomatal conductance, measured ad-hoc using a porometer throughout the experiment across all treatments; iv) results from four growth stage assessments conducted at different stages of the experiment. Yield and Biomass data are dry weights of non-edge plants, with a cutting height of 5cm above soil level. Leaf chlorophyll and stomatal conductance data were measured on the most recently fully expanded leaf (flag leaf from 28th May 2015 onwards) of randomly selected non-edge plants. The data are from an ozone and drought exposure experiment conducted during April-August 2015 at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bangor solardome facility near Abergwyngregyn (Latitude 53.2387, Longitude -4.0176). The objective of the experiment was to determine how two abiotic stressors in combination - ozone and drought - would interact to influence growth and yield of wheat, and also what impact the timing of drought would have on the result. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Mulika) was grown in rows within large 25-litre pots, and exposed to eight ozone treatments for 82 days. Plants experienced either (i) a well-watered regime (ii) a 10-day early-season drought event or (iii) a 10-day late-season drought event. The eight Ozone (O3) treatments ranged from a 24-hour mean of 27 parts per billion (ppb) in the lowest treatment to 57 ppb in the highest, with daily peaks ranging from 32 to 115 ppb This work was carried out as part of a Ph.D. funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) (NERC Reference NEC05014/3328/988)12 years ago
- This dataset contains home range size, habitat availability and selection ratio data, calculated from GPS data fixes collected from individual European nightjars, in four concurrent years (2015-2018). Home ranges are 95% areas of use, presented in hectares. Habitat availability data are presented as the percentage (%) of each habitat category (n = 6, pooled from 14 original habitat types) available to each individual within their 95% home range. Selection ratios are Manly Selection Ratios for 14 habitat types and express the extent to which each habitat type is used by each individual bird, compared to how much of it is available. Selection Ratios >1 express positive selection – i.e. used more than expected, given availability. Selection Ratios <1 express avoidance – i.e. used less than expected, given availability.12 years ago
- Data comprise soil properties and soil nutrients across unlogged and logged tropical forests in Sabah, Malaysia. Soil properties (ID, Site, Land_Use, Plot_Name, Subplot, Horizon, pH, Total_C, Total_N, Total_P, inorganic_P, C:N, Sand, Silt, Clay) measured in soil samples and soil nutrients (Identifier, Site, Land_Use, Plot_Name, Subplot, NO3_N, NH4_N, Total_N, Ca, Mg, K, P, Fe, Mn Cu, Zn, B, S, Pb, Al, Cd) extracted from buried ion exchange membranes sampled between March and April 2015 and measured at Forest Research Centre, Sabah, Malaysia. This data is a contribution from the UK NERC-funded Biodiversity And Land-use Impacts on Tropical Ecosystem Function (BALI) consortium (http://bali.hmtf.info).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (area) data for landscape features across Great Britain in 1990. Data are presented as areas of Broad (or Priority) Habitats, with associated landscape attributes (such as plant species and land use), within a set of 506 1km squares across Great Britain. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to habitat areas, vegetation species data, soil data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) data for Integrated Hydrological Units (IHU) groups (Kral et al. [1]). SPEI is a drought index based on the probability of occurrence of the Climatic Water Balance (CWB) - which is equivalent to the amount of precipitation minus the amount of evapotranspiration - for a given accumulation period as defined by Vicente-Serrano et al. [2]. SPEI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the general logistic distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1961 to 2012. [1] Kral, F., Fry, M., Dixon, H. (2015). Integrated Hydrological Units of the United Kingdom: Groups. NERC-Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/f1cd5e33-2633-4304-bbc2-b8d34711d902 [2] Vicente-Serrano, S. M., Beguería, S., López-Moreno, J. I. (2010) A Multiscalar Drought Index Sensitive to Global Warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index. J. Climate, 23, 1696 to 1718. https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JCLI2909.112 years ago
- These datasets provide Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) values of sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric deposition for 5x5 kilometre (km) grid squares of the UK averaged over the years 2015 to 2017. The data consist of deposition values for sulphur, oxidised nitrogen and reduced nitrogen, and base cations. Total deposition is the sum of four components calculated separately: wet deposition, dry deposition of gases, dry deposition of particulate matter and cloud droplet deposition. Habitat-specific data are provided for (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, and (ii) forest everywhere. Additionally, the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) is also calculated. The habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances. The work in generating and compiling the dataset has been funded by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and various Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) contracts.12 years ago
- Gridded potential evapotranspiration calculated from HadUK-Grid gridded observed meteorological data at 1 km resolution over the United Kingdom for the years 1969-2022. This dataset contains two potential evapotranspiration variables: daily total potential evapotranspiration (PET; kg m-2 d-1) and daily total potential evapotranspiration with interception correction (PETI; kg m-2 d-1). The units kg m-2 d-1 are equivalent to mm d-1. The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable, for each calendar month.12 years ago
- Data comprise of 13 different ecosystem services that were modelled at the 1 km2 resolution across Great Britain, mostly using data from 2015. The ecosystem services modelled were potential crop Production (in terms of calories), pollinator visits, greenhouse gas sequestration, two measures of biodiversity (biodiversity conservation index and richness index), erosion avoided, potential grassland productivity, nutrient retention, water retention, water yield, and potential timber yield.02 years ago
- This dataset contains 13C and 15N data for organic soil profiles (organic horizons to top of E horizon) at two of the MOORCO experimental tree planting sites in North East Scotland (Glensaugh and Ballogie). Data also includes total soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and bulk density.12 years ago
- This resource contains anonymised interviews with community members in Chundu Ward, Hurungwe District, Zimbabwe, conducted to further our understanding of how the local community interacts with tsetse. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants in 2012 to 2013 to investigate livelihood strategies including hunting, livestock keeping and cultivation, and how they influenced the risk of contracting trypanosomiasis. Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) occurs sporadically within the Zambezi Valley in Zimbabwe and is transmitted by the tsetse fly (Glossina morsitans morsitans and Glossina pallidipes). African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) is more prevalent and places significant constraints on livestock keeping. Approaches taken by local people to control or manage the disease were also investigated during the interviews. This research was part of a wider research project, the Dynamic Drivers of Disease in Africa Consortium (DDDAC) and these interviews contributed to this consortium. The research was funded by NERC project no NE/J000701/1 with support from the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation Programme (ESPA).12 years ago
- Carabid beetle data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. The count of individual species is recorded. These data are collected by pitfall traps at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous fortnightly records from 1992 to 2015. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- A species by quadrat matrix showing the percentage cover of understory herbaceous plants in ancient and recent woodlands varying in age and isolation. Percentage cover was calculated for each species individually. The data was collected on the Isle of Wight, woodlands spanned the entire island and were not situated in one area. All data was collected in the summer of 2021 over a period of 3 weeks covering the last 2 weeks of may May and the first week of June. This time was chosen as this is when a large subset of woodland plants are in flower. Woodlands were sampled in blocks of three, each block contains an ancient woodland, a recent woodland adjacent to the ancient woodland and another recent woodland of similar age and size but isolated from the ancient woodland. Each woodland had six quadrats taken, systematically placed at four corners and two in the centre. Within each quadrat the percentage cover of all understory herbs was recorded. This data was collected to measure the colonisation credit of recently planted woodlands, and to observe how much this might vary under differing degrees of isolation. This data could also be used to compare all sorts of biodiversity metrics between connected and isolated recent woodlands. It could also be used to compare beta diversity metrics between woodlands of varying degrees of isolation12 years ago
- This dataset consists of monthly mean inshore surface water temperature (degrees C) data from Windermere, a lake in northern England. Data collection began in 1933, but data are presented here from 1946 onwards. The data were initially collected by the Freshwater Biological Association (FBA), then by CEH and its predecessor Institute of Freshwater Ecology (IFE) from 1989 to 2003, and subsequently again by FBA.12 years ago
- This dataset contains time series observations of surface-atmosphere exchanges of carbon, water, and energy, as well as supporting micrometeorological, soil physics, and vegetation measurements. Data have been obtained at ten eddy covariance (EC) flux observation sites across England and Wales. Sites were active for different time periods between 2018 and 2023. Flux data include net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE), sensible heat (H), and latent heat (LE). Examples of ancillary and vegetation data include measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed and direction, components of radiation, soil heat flux, soil temperature and moisture, precipitation, water table depth, biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and canopy height. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Data comprise morphometric measurements, sex determination, maturity and immunological analysis of blood pathogens from wild field voles (Microtus agrestis) in Kielder Forest, Northumberland, UK in 2015-17.12 years ago
- This data set contains terrestrial fluxes of N2O from an intensively managed grazed grassland in Scotland measured using eddy covariance and chamber methods . The effect of a tillage event and two nitrogen fertilizer applications were investigated by comparing N2O fluxes from two adjacent intensively managed grazed grasslands , one of which was tilled. An eddy covariance system mounted at 2.4 m was used to measure fluxes of N2O, H2O and CO2 using a quantum cascade laser (QCL) gas analyser. Flux measurements were made over a six month period starting at the end of March, 2012. Chamber measurements were also made using both static and dynamic chambers. The data was collected as part of the GHG Platform project AC0116 funded by DEFRA.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (area) data for Broad Habitats across Great Britain in 2007 in a 1km grid format. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 591 1km squares surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project, then scaling up to a national level. The data are presented as percent habitat per 1km square for 17 different habitat types. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to habitat areas, vegetation species data, soil data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of stock (length) data for landscape linear features across Great Britain in 1998. Data are presented as lengths of different feature categories (such as fences, walls and lines of trees), with associated species attributes, from 569 km squares, surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project (note: not all surveyed squares contained linear features). The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to linear features, habitat areas, vegetation species plot, soil plot, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset describes an experimental test of potential over yielding effects on fruit set and average fruit size for tomato plants grown in the presence of three pollinator combinations: (1) the bumblebee Bombus terrestris (2) Lasioglossum spp. and (3) and additive combination of B. terrestris and Lasioglossum spp. The experimental design includes no pollinator controls nested within individual tomato plants exposed to the above pollinator species treatment combinations. This research was undertaken in 2017 and funded though a CEH Commercial Innovation Fund (National Capability) project supported by the Natural Environmental Research Council (Project NEC06344).12 years ago
- These data are input files for CAESAR-Lisflood (CL), a numerical hydrodynamic-landscape evolution model. These files were created to support coupled hydrodynamic-landscape evolution modelling to evaluate the geomorphological response of river channels affected by the 7th February 2021 ice-rock avalanche and debris flow in Chamoli District, Uttarakhand, India. They include 10 m digital elevation models (DEMs) of bed rock and land surface topography in a gridded (raster) format. They also include reanalysis-derived river discharge data generated by the GEOGloWS project at the following locations: Rontigad, Rishiganga, Dhauliganga, and Alaknanda. The configuration settings and parameters for CL modelling are also included.12 years ago
- The data comprise measurements of the impact of two prescribed annual burnings on the ecological properties of an invasion gradient by Urochloa decumbens in a tropical savanna (Cerrado). The ecological properties measured before (2019) and after the experiment (2021) were the abundance of invasive species, illuminance, air temperature, air humidity, specific leaf area, species richness, species diversity, vegetation cover, biomass, decomposition rate and carbon efflux. The two experimental areas were located within two reserves in Southeast and Central Brazil: Estação Ecológica de Itirapina in the municipalities of Brotas and Itirapina in São Paulo State, and Parque Nacional de Brasília in the Distrito Federal. Data were collected during multiple field excursions between March 2019 and September 2021.12 years ago
- This dataset contains samples and occurrences of insects and flowers collected for the 1 km square survey of the UK Pollinator Monitoring Scheme (PoMS). It covers the years 2017 to 2020 (note that 2017 was a pilot year and has less data than subsequent years). This survey uses pan-traps positioned on transects within a randomly allocated set of 1 km squares in England, Scotland and Wales. The sample data contains information on the location of the traps, various environmental variables, and the total number of insect specimens collected. The occurrence data for insects contains records of all hoverflies and bees from the traps, identified (wherever possible) to species level. The occurrence data for flowers contains records of all forbs that are in flower within 2 metres of each pan-tap station. (In addition, Flower-Insect Timed Counts are carried out in the same 1 km squares, see separate dataset for these data.) The UK Pollinator Monitoring Scheme is a partnership between the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bumblebee Conservation Trust, Butterfly Conservation, British Trust for Ornithology, Hymettus, Natural History Museum, University of Reading and University of Leeds, working with the Bees, Wasps and Ants Recording Society, wider stakeholders and volunteer networks. PoMS in 2017-2020 has been jointly funded by Defra, the Welsh and Scottish Governments, JNCC and project partners.02 years ago
- This dataset comprises co-aligned hyperspectral and LiDAR data collected of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest within core protected areas of the UNESCO Rhӧn Biosphere Reserve, Germany. Data was collected using the Headwall Hyperspec Nano sensor flown from a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in September 2020. The dataset comprises image and LiDAR data of four sites, each approximately 8ha in size. The study forests were subject to the extreme drought event that impacted central Europe in 2018/2019 and this project sought to collect data to enable individual tree and stand level assessment of the response (canopy damage and defoliation) of European beech trees to extreme drought events. The hyperspectral images available in this dataset have approx. 5cm pixel size with an associated LiDAR dataset and are suitable for identifying individual trees and the degree of canopy damage (defoliation, discolouration, and mortality) sustained by individuals/stands within the forest. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/V00929X/1).12 years ago
- This dataset consists of hourly lake temperature, air temperature, solar irradiance and wind speed data from an automatic water monitoring buoy on Windermere South Basin, a lake in the North West of England. The lake temperatures are measured in various depths of the lake (see supporting documentation). Measurements were taken every four minutes and calculated as hourly averages. The data were collected by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology between 2008 and 2011 inclusive. This dataset has been used in various publications, please see supporting documentation for more detail.12 years ago
- The data resource contains daily time-series of simulated streamflow, ground water levels and estimated demands, from humans, livestock, irrigation and industry, across the Cauvery Basin, India. The data were generated using the Global Water Availability Assessment (GWAVA) Model 5. A baseline of 1986-2005 is presented along with two future time slices (2041-2060 and 2061-2080) for these variables. The data were produced to help predict how rapid economic development and population growth in the region would impact on future water security. The data resource was produced by the data authors. The research was funded by NERC research grant NE/N016491/1 Upscaling Catchment Processes for Sustainable Water Management in Peninsular India12 years ago
- This dataset contains water temperature measurements at two different locations in Durleigh Reservoir in Somerset, England. Water temperatures were measured using RBR SoloT thermistors (measured in deg C) and HOBO TidbiT v2 loggers (measured in deg F). The dataset consists of water temperature measurements from two locations at Durleigh reservoir between 22 February 2018 and 5 October 2018. Measurements were taken at 10 minute intervals.12 years ago
- Data from analyses of addled and deserted sea eagle eggs collected by licensed collectors in Scotland. Contaminants reported include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides or their persistent metabolites, and a range of metals and metaloids. The white-tailed sea eagle has been re-introduced to a number of Scottish Islands since the 1980s. The Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme (PBMS) is a long-term, national monitoring scheme that quantifies the concentrations of contaminants in the livers and eggs of selected species of predatory and fish-eating birds in Britain.12 years ago
- The dataset details vegetation composition of UK saltmarshes measured from quadrats across UK saltmarshes. Between 2018 and 2021, vegetation surveys were carried out at 460 sites across 33 saltmarshes as part of the Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environments (C-SIDE) project to develop an understanding the linkages between saltmarsh soil organic carbon and vegetation. Sites were chosen to represent contrasting habitats types in the UK, in particular sediment types, vegetation and sea level history. The dataset comprises of percentage species cover, plant height, plant richness and plant diversity data from 33 UK saltmarshes. The work was carried out under the NERC programme - Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environment (C-SIDE), NERC grant reference NE/R010846/1.12 years ago
- This dataset includes a range of determinands present in soil water in the experimental plot at the Climoor field site in the Clocaenog Forest, in north-east Wales. Soil water was collected at two depths in the soil profile - approximately 5cm and 20cm. At the bottom of the rooting zone (approximately 5cm depth) zero tension lysimeters were used. At the deeper depth (approximately 20cm depth) ceramic cup suction samplers were used. Data were collected between October 1998 and March 2009 at two weekly intervals. Determinands include: pH, Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), Nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), Sulphate (SO4-S), dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic nitrogen, Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na), Phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P), Chloride (Cl), total dissolved phophorus and total dissolved nitrogen.02 years ago
- Vascular plant and bryophyte survey data from a 33-year chronosequence on bare chalk, used to investigate primary succession. The bare chalk plots were created from archaeological excavations on Down Farm, north Dorset, between the years 1986 and 2018, resulting in 13 different plots. The vascular plant survey was carried out in July 2019 using 50 cm x 50 cm quadrats. Quadrats were recorded every 1 m along a 16 m transect in each of the 13 plots. The bryophyte survey was carried out in February 2020 using 20 cm x 20 cm quadrats, along the same transects for 11 of the 13 plots.12 years ago
- The data consists of annual values of soil respiration for plots subjected to climate change manipulations between 1999 and 2016. Data were collected from the climate change field site Climoor that is located in Clocaenog forest, Northeast Wales. The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots (Plots 3, 6 and 9), three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours (Plots 1, 2 and 7) and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plant growing season (March to September, Plots 4, 5 and 8). Annual soil respiration values were calculated from fortnightly measurements of soil respiration. Soil respiration, milligrammes of Carbon dioxide - C per square metre per hour (mg CO2-C m-2 hr-1) was measured in the same pre-installed opaque soil collars. An infra-red gas analyser was used to measure the Carbon dioxide efflux. Annual soil respiration was calculated as sum of seasonal Carbon dioxide emissions. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. Plot level soil respiration measurements are important to investigate soil carbon dynamics and changes in soil carbon cycling and storage under the imposed climatic treatments. More detailed information about the field site, measurements and related datasets can be found in the supporting documentation.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of behaviour and distribution data of Lepidoptera at the Stonehenge World Heritage Site in Wiltshire, UK, between 2010-2011. A long term landscape scale grassland restoration and re-creation project has been underway at the site since 2000. 200m long transects were located in the centre of different grassland re-creation fields of different ages, arable land, chalk grassland fragments on slopes and on ancient burial mounds, and semi-improved pasture. Transects were surveyed on three occasions spread across the field season (June to September), and throughout the day and were selected ad-hoc for survey in order to minimise the effect that the time of year and day would have on results. During the survey, the transect was walked at a slow, steady pace allowing five minutes for each 20m section of transect and the number and species of Lepidoptera present 5m either side and ahead were recorded. If Lepidoptera were observed feeding, then the nectar plant species was also recorded. Habitat quality, defined in terms of vegetation characteristics and nectar resources, was quantified throughout each transect by sampling quadrats in each 20m segment of the transect. Vegetation characteristics were measured as vegetation height and density and the percentage cover of bare ground and dead vegetation. Nectar resources were measured in terms of the number and percentage coverage of flowering units, the total number of nectar flowering units and of relevant families (Dipsacaceae, Fabaceae and Asteraceae). The data were collected as part of a PhD project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council and the National Trust.12 years ago
- Data from weekly water quality monitoring of the River Frome at East Stoke, Dorset (National Grid Reference SY 867868). The dataset consists of nitrate, soluble reactive phosphorus, dissolved silicon, pH, alkalinity, potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium concentrations for the entire 44-year monitoring period, with total phosphorus, total dissolved phosphorus, electrical conductivity, water temperature, chloride, sulphate and ammonium concentration data for periods within the monitoring period. Daily average river flow on the day of sampling (extracted from the National River Flow Archive) is included.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises multiple baseline and future ensembles of hydrological model estimates of monthly mean and annual maximum river flows (m3s-1) on a 0. 0.008333° × 0. 0.008333° grid (approximate grid of 1 km × 1 km) across Peninsular Malaysia. Specifically, these are provided for historical (1971 to 2005) and projected future (2006 to 2099) periods, for 3 Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). This dataset is the output from the Hydrological Modelling Framework for Malaysia, or “HMF-Malaysia” model. The projected future hydrology simulations are provided for CORDEX-SEA (Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment – South East Asia) three RCPs (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) assuming (i) current artificial influences (CAI) such as water transfers and diversions and (ii) planned future artificial influences (FAI). This dataset is an output from the hydrological modelling study from the Malaysia - Flood Impacts Across Scales (FIAS) project.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information on individual birds caught at nestboxes or via mistnetting at 20 sites along a 35 km urban gradient in Glasgow, Scotland, 2014-2022. For each capture, we recorded the ring number of the individual, morphological parameters, whether samples were obtained and the sample number (blood, feather, faeces). The morphological measurements obtained were: Wing length (total length of the stretched wing, as per BTO guidelines), Weight (to the nearest 0.01 g), Tarsus length (using a caliper with 0.1 cm precision). Data were collected to investigate the effects of urbanisation on daily activity patterns, reproductive traits and population dynamics of passerine birds.12 years ago
- These data include results from serological analysis carried out on serum collected from randomly recruited subjects, merged with household and subject level data about the subjects. The subject and household data collected included occupation of the household head, size of the household, and occupation, gender and age of the subject. Samples were collected from 303 people based in irrigated areas, 728 people from pastoral areas and 81 people from riverine areas along River Tana in Tana River and Garissa counties, Kenya. Field surveys were implemented in December 2013 to February 2014 and laboratory analyses were completed in June 2015. Serum samples were harvested from blood samples obtained from randomly recruited subjects and screened for anti-RVF virus immunoglobulin G using inhibition ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) immunoassay. The household and subject metadata was collected using Open Data Kit (ODK) (https://opendatakit.org) loaded into smart phones. The aim of the project was to determine the risk of Rift Valley Fever virus exposure in people living in areas with different land use and socio-ecological settings. The data were collected by experienced researchers from the International Livestock Research Institute (Kenya), the Department of Disease Surveillance and Response, Kenyatta National Hospital This dataset is part of a wider research project, the Dynamic Drivers of Disease in Africa Consortium (DDDAC). The research was funded by NERC project no NE/J001570/1 with support from the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation Programme (ESPA). Additional funding was provided by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Research Program Agriculture for Nutrition and Health.12 years ago
- Measurements were taken in three fertility zones within households in two districts of Halaba in the SNNPR, Ethiopia. Measurements were taken after the El Niño event of 2015/16, so reflect the resilience of different areas of the farm to drought. Measurements are provided at fertility zones home, near and far from the home, and at three depths (0-5cm, 5-10cm and 10-15cm). Measurements included were volumetric water content, more water conductivity, and soil temperature. This dataset was collected as part of the NERC-funded project Building Resilience in Ethiopia's Awassa region to Drought (BREAD).12 years ago
- The growth data contribute to determine the diversity of growth strategies of trees in the region as well as growth responses to varying climate. The climate data accompany other datastreams including continuously recorded leaf temperatures (using thermistors and thermal imaging), soil moisture, low time resolution growth and a wide range of hydraulic, thermal and photosynthesis traits for a representative set of species of the region. Tropical forest high resolution growth data measured as part of an effort to understand sensitivity of Western Ghats tropical forest trees to high temperatures and dry conditions.12 years ago
- This 1 km summary pixel data set represents the land surface of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, classified using two classification schemas, target and aggregate classes. The target class schema comprise 21 UKCEH land cover classes based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. The aggregate class schema comprises 10 aggregate classes that are groupings of the 21 target classes. The aggregate classes group some of the more specialised target classes into more general classes. For example, the five coastal classes in the target class are grouped into a single aggregate class. The 1km percentage product provides the percentage cover for each of the 21 land cover classes for 1km x 1km pixels. This product contains one band per habitat class, producing 21 and 10 band images for the target and aggregate class products respectively. The 1km dominant coverage product is based on the 1km percentage product, and reports the land cover class with the highest percentage cover for each 1km pixel. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2019 products are available from the LCM2017-19 product documentation.12 years ago
- 1km and 5km gridded Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) data for Great Britain, which is a drought index based on the probability of Climatic Water Balance (CWB) - which is equivalent to the amount of precipitation minus the amount of evapotranspiration - for a given accumulation period as defined by Vicente Serrano et al. (2010). SPEI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the generalised logistic distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1961 to 2012.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of plant species presence and abundance in different sizes and types of plots from 256 1km x 1km square sites surveyed across Great Britain in 1978. Many of the plots were repeated in 1990, 1998 and 2007. General information about the plot was recorded including plot number and type as well as species presence and (usually) cover. Data were collected under the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- This dataset contains soil biogeochemical data collected along gradients of windthrow disturbance in Kielder Forest, Northumberland, England, in summer 2022 as part of the Monitoring Underground Disturbance (MUD) BioBank. We established ~200 m transects at 10 sites (defined by common stand type, topography) and established 50m2 sampling plots in three different disturbance regimes across each transect. Soils were analysed for moisture content, organic carbon and nitrogen, and root biomass.12 years ago
- This dataset provides deposition values of sulphur and nitrogen deposition and concentration values for ammonia (NH3), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) on the UK nature conservation protected sites, averaged over the years 2013 to 2015. The dataset also includes calculated minimum, maximum and gridded average values for each site. Protected nature sites covered are: (i) Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) (ii) Special Protection Areas (SPA) (iii) Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). The data consist of values of nitrogen and acid deposition, and concentrations of ammonia (NH3) based on the Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED), and concentrations of NOX and SO2 using the Pollution Climate Mapping (PCM) model. Nitrogen and acid deposition data is also given for specific habitat types including: (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, (ii) forest everywhere, and (iii) the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) These habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances using the relevant deposition/habitat type.12 years ago
- The shapefiles contain the classification and locations of each river style determined by the authors. The data were used to characterise the river styles in Bislak River, Philippines. Shapefiles were clipped to the catchment boundary from different national government agencies to produce different thematic maps. Catchment properties such as land use (from the National Mapping and Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA)), geology (from the Mines and Geosciences Bureau), fault (from Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, rainfall isohyets, slope map, and the digital elevation model (also from NAMRIA) were used for regional and catchment analysis. The data only covers the whole Bislak catchment, Philippines. The CSV contains data used for the stream power analysis where stream power is a factor of slope and discharge.12 years ago
- Data are presented of tensiometer measurements as centimetres of water from a field experiment in the Conwy catchment. The data were collected between October 2013 and January 2015 using tensiometers inserted into boreholes. The data were collected by trained members of staff from Bangor University and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The samples were taken to provide supporting information for assessing the relationship between soil microbial populations and soil moisture status. The data were collected for the NERC project 'The Multi-Scale Response of Water quality, Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration to Coupled Macronutrient Cycling from Source to Sea' (NE/J011991/1). The project is also referred to as Turf2Surf.12 years ago
- This dataset contains responses from an online choice experiment with associated socio-economic covariates on the topic of environmental land management schemes. Sample: 348 farmers based in the north of England in 2022.12 years ago
- This dataset describes the composition of a co-evolving community (as colony forming units) over a 30-transfer selection experiment in soil microcosms. The community consists of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 + Pseudomonas putida KT2440 + plasmid pQBR57.12 years ago
- This dataset includes data collected from the Bowl site located with the Pontbren study catchment in mid Wales, UK. The Bowl is an area of improved grassland and was instrumented between 2004 to 2010 and monitored as part of the Pontbren Catchment Study Land Use and Management Multi Scale Experimental Programme. Variables measured and included in this dataset are the drain flow from a field drain, overland flow runoff and soil water tension within the improved grassland hillslope. Other variables measured at the Bowl but not included in this dataset are: climatic data from an automatic weather station, precipitation, groundwater height, and soil moisture data (using a neutron probe); these other datasets are also available. Within this Pontbren Bowl study site folder are a series of sub-folders with different datasets all associated with the Bowl study site. The Bowl runoff folder includes all runoff data from the Bowl study site. Runoff from the Bowl in the form of overland and drain flow was monitored using a combination of tipping bucket and weir box monitoring systems. Flow is measured in litres/second (ls-1) and runoff data from the bowl was collected for the period end of 2004 to 2010. Differences in sampling time occurred throughout the monitoring period due to logger limitations. Changes in sampling time can be found by examining specific data files. Changes in the size of the bucket of the tipping bucket system also occurred during the monitoring period. It is considered that the weir boxes provide a more accurate prediction of the highest flows, however there are times when they are not operation. The Bowl tensiometers folder contains soil water tension (cm H2O) data collected from two transects with arrays of tensiometers measuring soil water tension at 10 cm, 30 cm and 50 cm depth. Soil water tension data for the Bowl study site exist for the period 2005-2009. Data are provided in the form of .txt files and generally split into 6 month blocks. Associated with each data point in the .txt file is a quality assurance code, QA code, in the adjacent column. Note that for the Bowl tensiometer data in the early years of monitoring data from both transects are provided in one file. From March 2008 onwards there is a reduction in the number of tensiometers installed and the data files are split. Files with BotQC in the title contain data from the lower array of tensiometers and files with TopQC in the title contain data from the array of tensiometers further up the hillslope of the Bowl study site. Details of the dataset and the quality assurance coding system are provided in the supporting documentation.12 years ago
- Data comprise soil profile (soil texture and pit description during fieldwork) and soil chemistry (bulk density, carbon content, carbon stock and organic carbon content obtained with thirteen carbon isotope analysis) from samples taken in the Ankeniheny Zahamena forest corridor, Madagascar. Data were collected as part of a project funded by the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme under work package 4 P4GES project, grant references: NE/K008692/1, NE/K010115/1, and NE/K010220-1.12 years ago
- The data comprise high resolution climate measurements including temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, wind gust speed, wind direction and dew point measured in an open space in proximity to a forest fragment close to Sirsi, Western Ghats, India in 2021 and 2022. The data provide background information used to determine the safety margins of Indian tropical forests to elevated temperatures and dry conditions. Please see related data for information on leaf temperature, soil moisture, and growth, hydraulic, thermal and photosynthetic traits for a representative set of plant species.12 years ago
- This dataset contains 90 source footprints of nitrogen and sulphur deposition across the UK. Emission data from UK sources of nitrogen and sulphur for the year 2012 has been modelled using the FRAME (Fine Resolution Atmospheric Multi-Pollutant Exchange) atmospheric dispersion model on a 5 x 5 km grid. The data are split by into both wet and dry deposition, oxidised and reduced, as well as local vs long-range components. Habitat-specific deposition data are provided also for (i) forest, (i) moorland (short semi-natural vegetation), and (iii) grid average (average of arable, grassland, urban, forest and moorland land cover types).12 years ago
- The dataset contains CO2 efflux, hydraulic and water chemistry data from six field sites which vary in location, size and catchment characteristics. Measurements were made at: i) two sites in the UK - the River Kelvin (335 km2, semi-urban catchment) and Drumtee water (9.6 km2, peat dominated catchment); ii) four sites in the Peruvian Amazon - Main Trail (5 km2, seasonally active stream in a rainforest catchment), New Colpita stream (7 km2, perennial stream in a rainforest catchment), La Torre river (2000 km2, rainforest catchment) and Tambopata river (14 000 km2, rainforest catchment with some small scale agriculture and gold mining). CO2 efflux was measured at all sites on each sampling occasion alongside a range of other parameters to enable investigation into the controls on CO2 efflux. Parameters measured include flow velocity and water depth (from which other hydraulic parameters can be calculated), DIC concentration and pH (from which pCO2 can be calculated) and water temperature. Sampling was carried out over several years, thus capturing a range of seasons and flow conditions, and at all sites, measurement locations were chosen to ensure that a range of flow intensities were included.12 years ago
- This dataset contains meteorological and atmospheric dust concentration, deposition and particle-size data from Kangerlussuaq, southwest Greenland, 2017-2019. Meteorological and dust concentration data measured at two locations and dust deposition data measured at 5 locations on an east to west transect between 1.8 and 37.4 km from the 2017 Greenland Ice Sheet western margin. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (grant NE/P011578/1)12 years ago
- The dataset consists of ACi (net CO2 assimilation rate, A, versus calculated substomatal CO2 concentration, Ci) curve data from an ozone experiment during which Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne were exposed as both monocultures and two-species mixtures to an episodic rural ozone regime in large, well-watered containers within solardomes for 12 weeks. Treatments were elevated ozone (AOT40 (Accumulated Ozone Threshold exposure of 40 parts per billion) of 12.86 ppm h) or control conditions (AOT40 of 0.02 ppm h). ACi curves were carried out mid-way and at the end of the exposure period using a Portable Photosynthesis System, CIRAS (PP-Systems) to calculate the photosynthetic parameters Jmax (maximum rate of photosynthetic electron transport) and Vcmax (maximum rate of Rubisco carboxylase activity). The observed decreases in photosynthetic efficiency and capacity in elevated ozone indicate that the ability of such ubiquitous vegetation to act as a sink for atmospheric carbon may be reduced in future climates. The experiment was carried out at the CEH Bangor Air Pollution Facility. This work was funded by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Integrating Fund Initiative.12 years ago
- The data consists of the abundance of antibiotic resistant genes (ARG) in fresh cattle faeces from faecal samples taken from a cohort of 30 cattle. The cattle were from the North Wyke Farm Platform, a UK national capability, located at Rothamsted Research, North Wyke in Devon. Faecal samples were collected in November 2016. The cohort of 30 cattle were selected from 90 animals, ten from each of the three farmlets. Samples were collected from cattle as they entered housing for the winter, i.e. at weaning.12 years ago
- This datasets contains measures of soil thaw depth from permafrost in subarctic Canada. Soil thaw depth was measured in 2013 and 2014 in sites from Yukon and Northwest Territories.12 years ago
- The datasets contain insect numbers, plant biomass, successful attacks of parasitoids, and behavioural response of parasitoids. The data are based on direct observations of insects and plants in field and laboratory experiments testing for the impact of different spectra of artificial light at night on an experimental insect food web with coloured near-monochromatic LEDs, with a single peak emittance across the visible and near-UV spectrum at wavelengths of 385, 447, 469, 475, 518, 607 and 630 nm plus a dark control. The dark control was exposed to the natural background light levels at night. We kept photon flux similar to the output of a white light LED at 20 lux, for all light treatments apart from the UV treatment. Data collection was done in a field site, and controlled temperature room at Penryn Campus of University of Exeter, Penryn, UK. The field experiment was set up on 3rd June 2017 and ran for 17 weeks, while the additional experiments were conducted between summer 2017 and summer 2018. The data have been sampled as part of the NERC project NE/N001672/1 “Effects of artificial light on multi-trophic population dynamics”.12 years ago
- Bioclimatic envelopes for over 200,000 plant species. The data comprises a single csv file, containing the average value of the climate envelope per species for each of the following variables: Minimum temperature (K), Maximum temperature (K), Average temperature (K), Temperature range (K), Soil temperature level 1 (K), Soil temperature level 2 (K), Soil temperature level 3 (K), Soil temperature level 4 (K), Soil water volume level 1 (m^3 / m^3), Soil water volume level 2 (m^3 / m^3), Soil water volume level 3 (m^3 / m^3), Soil water volume level 4 (m^3 / m^3), Solar radiation (J / m^2), Total precipitation (mm). Also included is taxonomic information for each species, including the phylum, class, order, family and genus, as well as the number of occurrence records that informed the envelope.12 years ago
- This dataset contains a range of measurements associated with the degradation of Polylactic acid (PLA)-cellulose based teabags, buried in soil. Degradation measurements were calculated following a 7-month burial period from November 2021 to June 2022. Variables measured include: mass change, mass change of PLA, crystallinity change, and pyrolysis gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy (GCMS) data for each teabag type. This research is part of the BIO-PLASTIC-RISK project, funded by Natural Environment Research Council through the grants NE/V007556/1 and NE/V007246/1.12 years ago
- Leaf trait data for several provenances of Melia volkensii an endemic tree from Kenya planted at two experimental trials in Kibwezi and Kitui. 11 traits are included including those for leaf size and leaf mass, and isotope values for δ13C.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of the vector version of the Land Cover Map 1990 (LCM1990) for Great Britain. The vector data set is the core LCM data set from which the full range of other LCM1990 products are derived. It provides a number of attributes including land cover at the target class level (given as an integer value and also as text), the number of pixels within the polygon classified as each land cover type and a probability value provided by the classification algorithm (for full details see the LCM1990 Dataset Documentation). The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. LCM1990 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images (mainly from 1989 and 1990) into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is the first in a series of land cover maps for the UK, which also includes maps for 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019. LCM1990 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the UKCEH web site and the LCM1990 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset measures the decomposition of experimental wood blocks, Pinus radiata, over a period of one year in lowland, old growth, tropical rainforest. Wood blocks are placed on the ground or suspended above the ground in mesh bags that either allow or prevent entry of macro-invertebrates. The decomposition of ground placed wood blocks is measured during a period of drought and non-drought. Dry weight of wood blocks is measured at the start and end of the year and proportional weight loss is calculated. Accompanying decomposition data is a data set measuring temperature and relative humidity at 5 m vertical intervals from the ground to the canopy. This data is a contribution from the UK NERC-funded Biodiversity And Land-use Impacts on Tropical Ecosystem Function (BALI) consortium (http://bali.hmtf.info).12 years ago
- The dataset comprises nitrous oxide (N2O) flux data, collected from static chambers as part of a study to determine how land management affected nitrogen cycling by nitrifiers and denitrifiers in an upland agricultural grassland soil and to determine the effects of changing environmental conditions on nitric and nitrous oxide production and emission as a result of land management. Data were collected during a project funded under the NERC Soil Biodiversity Programme, established in 1999 and centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT8545019630). During the experiment, the site was monitored to assess changes in above-ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).12 years ago
- This dataset contains recreation demand maps for the UK based on weekly, monthly and yearly visit frequencies. Recreation includes activities such as walking, hiking, cycling, etc, i.e., ‘outdoor non-vehicular recreation’. Recreation demand was calculated as the number of projected visits for local recreation, estimated using the universal law of human mobility (Schläpfer et al., 2021, Nature). Recreation demand maps are supplied at 250 m resolution in a British National Grid transverse Mercator projection (EPSG 27700). For each visit frequency (weekly, monthly and yearly), there is a map with and without attractiveness included in the calculation, where protected areas are used a proxy for attractiveness. This research was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) under research programme NE/W005050/1 AgZero+ : Towards sustainable, climate-neutral farming. AgZero+ is an initiative jointly supported by NERC and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).12 years ago
- The dataset comprises densities of the major crustacean zooplankton taxa collected from Loch Leven, a large shallow lake in the lowlands of Scotland, between 1972-2007. Data are provided as numbers of individuals per litre for each taxa. The data were collected by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and its predecessor bodies, as part of the Loch Leven long-term monitoring programme. Methods of collection varied over the period of collection with samples generally collected at fortnightly intervals. There are significant gaps in the dataset during the 1980s when funding for monitoring was limited.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises river centrelines, digitised from OS 1:50,000 mapping. It consists of four components: rivers; canals; surface pipes (man-made channels for transporting water such as aqueducts and leats); and miscellaneous channels (including estuary and lake centre-lines and some underground channels). This dataset is a representation of the river network in Great Britain as a set of line segments, i.e. it does not comprise a geometric network.12 years ago
- This dataset for the UK, Jersey and Guernsey contains the Corine Land Cover (CLC) changes between 2006 and 2012. This shapefile has been created by combining the land cover change layers from the individual CLC database files for the UK, Jersey and Guernsey. CLC is a dataset produced within the frame of the Initial Operations of the Copernicus programme (the European Earth monitoring programme previously known as GMES) on land monitoring. CLC provides consistent information on land cover and land cover changes across Europe. This inventory was initiated in 1985 (initial reference year 1990) and then established a time series of land cover information with updates in 2000 and 2006 with the last one being for the 2012 reference year. CLC products are based on the analysis of satellite images by national teams of participating countries - the EEA member and cooperating countries - following a standard methodology and nomenclature with the following base parameters: - 44 classes in the hierarchical three level Corine nomenclature - Minimum mapping unit (MMU) for Land Cover Changes (LCC) for the change layers is 5 hectares. The resulting national land cover inventories are further integrated into a seamless land cover map of Europe. Land cover and land use (LCLU) information is important not only for land change research, but also more broadly for the monitoring of environmental change, policy support, the creation of environmental indicators and reporting. CLC datasets provide important information supporting the implementation of key priority areas of the Environment Action Programmes of the European Union as protecting ecosystems, halting the loss of biological diversity, tracking the impacts of climate change, assessing developments in agriculture and implementing the EU Water Framework Directive, among others.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a single orthophoto mosaic image of Irontongue Hill on Swineshaw Moor. The area of interest includes seven erosion plots (approximately 5 x 5 m) which were set up on 26/07/2018 to capture the state of the burnt moorland surface and monitor subsequent erosion and vegetation recovery. The area of interest is approximately 0.45 km2.12 years ago
- This data consist of measurements on soil microbial enzyme activity of six hydrolytic enzymes and related soil measurements from the experimental field sites at Clocaenog forest and Peaknaze. Samples were collected in 2012 from plots subjected to experimental drought and warming as well as untreated control plots. Soil cores were taken for the topsoil 0 to10 centimetres. Enzymes were measured at the climate change field site Climoor that is located in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales and the Peaknaze field site located in the Peak District. The experimental field sites each consist of three untreated control plots, three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours, and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (March to September). Six hydrolytic soil microbial enzymes and one oxidase were extracted from the topsoil to test the effect of these enzymes that are involved in carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, under the imposed long-term climate change treatments. The hydrolytic enzymes were assayed using 4-methylumbelliferone (MUF) or 7-amino-4-methyl coumarin (AMC) linked-substrates, whereas the oxidase was extracted in pure water. All enzyme extracts were measured colorimetrically. The Clocaenog and Peaknaze field experiments intend to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. Plot level microbial related measurements are important to investigate ecosystem carbon dynamics and changes in the soil carbon under the imposed climatic treatments. Measurements were undertaken by trained members of staff at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- This dataset contains time series observations of surface-atmosphere exchanges of net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE), sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE), and momentum (τ) measured at a at a Miscanthus x. giganteus Greef et Deu plantation in Lincolnshire, UK. Turbulent flux densities were monitored using the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) technique between 30th April 2008 and 18th February 2013. The dataset includes ancillary weather and soil physics observations, as well as variables describing atmospheric turbulence and the quality of the turbulent flux observations. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Automated measurements of water level and temperature at half-hourly intervals spanning parts of 2018, 2019 and 2020, from seven wetland sites in the Pastaza-Marañón Basin, Amazonian Peru.12 years ago
- This dataset contains audio recordings of birds in four woodland plots invaded by the non-native species Rhododendron ponticum or Prunus laurocerasus and non-invaded control plots in the same woodlands. The four locations were in Wales; Nercwys Forest; Penllergare, Swansea; Aberkenfig; and Wye Valley, Cleddon Shoots. Recordings were conducted in hourly intervals in the morning and evening for one or two days in each location, between June and September 2023. The aim of the data collection was to analyse if any differences in the number of bird species and frequency of bird calls could be found between invaded and non-invaded woodland plots. This is the complete dataset. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/X013332/1).02 years ago
- This dataset consists of monthly spatial patterns of meteorological change for 22 Global Circulation Models (GCMs). The patterns are a set of regression coefficients, each representing the change per degree of mean global warming over land, for the corresponding meteorological variable. The meteorological variables analysed for each GCM include: surface temperature change per degree global warming (K/K); surface relative humidity change per degree global warming (%/K); wind change per degree global warming (m/s/K); longwave change per degree global warming (W/m2/K); shortwave change per degree global warming (W/m2/K); precipitation change per degree global warming (mm/day/K) and pressure change per degree global warming (hPa/K). The 22 GCMs emulated are: BCCR-BCM2.0, CGCM3.1(T47), CNRM-CM3, CSIRO-Mk3.0, CSIRO-Mk3.5, GFDL-CM2.0, GFDL-CM2.1, GISS-EH, GISS-ER, FGOALS-g1.0, INGV-SXG, INM-CM3.0, IPSL-CM4, MIROC3.2(hires), MIROC3.2(medres), ECHO-G, ECHAM5/MPI-OM, MRI-CGCM2.3.2, CCSM3, PCM, UKMO-HadCM3, UKMO-HadGEM1. The supporting information document associated with this metadata includes parameters for an energy balance model (IMOGEN EBM) that calculates the amount of global warming. Each GCM output has been re-mapped on to UKMO-HadCM3 grid, with resolution of 3.75 deg longitude and 2.5 deg latitude; this produces a surface spatial resolution of about 417 km E-W x 278 km N-S, reducing to 295 km E-W x 278 km N-S at 45 degrees North and South. This corresponds to 1631 land points, each of which has a row in the provided data files. The data presented here is calibration of IMOGEN EBM parameters and patterns against 22 GCMs in the CMIP3 GCM ensemble.12 years ago
- Collated indices are a relative measure of butterfly abundance across sites monitored as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme. Data from all survey sites (standard UKBMS transects, Wider Countryside Survey transects and targeted species surveys such as timed, larval web and egg counts) are used in the calculation of these indices. The statistics are presented as log10 values. These values are centred round an arbitrary value of 2 as a mean for the time series in order to help show which years are below or above average. Collated indices are calculated annually for each individual butterfly species that has been recorded on five or more sites in that year. Indices are calculated at UK level and at individual country level for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland where sufficient data are available. Based on this criterion, collated indices have been calculated for the entire time series from 1976 (UK, England and Wales), 1979 (Scotland) and 2004 (Northern Ireland) to the current year for the majority of species, but for some rarer species this has not been possible in some years, particular those in the first part of the time series. Collated indices are calculated using a log-linear model incorporating individual site indices from all monitored sites across the UK or country for a given species in a given year. The number of sites for each species ranges from 5 to several hundred or more and fluctuates from year to year. By 2010 almost 2,000 sites were monitored in total across the UK, with this number rising to more than 3,000 over the next decade. Collated indices are calculated so that we can determine how butterfly populations are changing over time across the UK. This data can be used, for example, to determine where to target conservation efforts and more generally the condition of the UK countryside. Butterflies are recognised as important indicators of biodiversity and environmental change, for example in UK and country Biodiversity Indicators, and have been used in numerous studies of the impacts of climate and habitat change on biodiversity. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset comprises forest inventory (diameter at breast height, tree height, social class and relative crown distance) and tree canopy health data (extent of overall damage, discolouration and defoliation) collected in 2021 from sites within core protected areas of the UNESCO Rhӧn Biosphere Reserve dominated by European beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest. The study forests were subject to the extreme drought event that impacted central Europe in 2018/2019 and this project sought to collect data to enable the analysis of individual tree and stand level characteristics that influence the response (canopy damage and defoliation) of European beech trees to extreme drought events. Field assessments of individual tree and stand canopy health were carried out within this project collecting data comprising canopy condition assessments and measurements of individual tree size and stand demography. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/V00929X/1).12 years ago
- The dataset contains top-of-canopy height before and after the 2015-15 El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event across a human-modified tropical landscape in Malaysian Borneo. The derived changes in top-of-canopy height from 36,655 repeated measurements were investigated. Data were obtained from airborne LiDAR in November 2014 and April 2016. Topographic Position Index and distance from oil palm plantations are also included to investigate the effects of topography and fragmentation on the canopy height change during the ENSO event. Each observation (pixel) contains the coordinates to assess the spatial effects on canopy changes.12 years ago
- This is a high resolution spatial dataset of Digital Terrain Model (DTM) data in South West England. The DTM along with a Digital Surface Model (DSM) cover an area of 9424 km2 that includes all the land west of Exmouth (i.e. west of circa 3 degrees 21 minutes West). The DTM represents the topographic model (height) of the bare earth. The dataset is a part of outcomes from the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology South West (SW) Project. There is also a Digital Surface Model (DSM) dataset covering the same areas available from the SW project.12 years ago
- This dataset contains vegetation abundance information from sites in southern England. The data are estimated as percentage cover and flower density of 165 plant species in 1624 vegetation quadrats. The surveys were conducted during 2008 and 2009. The 54 sites are all part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme network. The data were collected to compare plant abundance and butterfly population density. The research was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council.12 years ago
- This dataset includes tree ring width data, derived from tree cores, that were sampled from sites across the Rhön Biosphere Reserve (Germany). At each chosen site three trees were cored, with two or three cores taken per cored tree. Data was collected in August 2021.12 years ago
- Air temperature, solar radiation flux, wind speed and lake water temperatures at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12 m depth are measured at an automatic monitoring buoy in Blelham Tarn. All data is given in GMT (Greenwich Mean Time). This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), chlorobenzenes (CB) and organochlorine pesticides (OC) data from river water collected at various sites within the Humber catchment area as part of the Land Ocean Interaction Study project (LOIS). Data were collected at regular weekly intervals and intermittently during periods of high flows. All sites were samples from early 1994 to the end of 1996 except for O12, which was sampled from November 1994 till November 1996. The sampling was carried out by the LOIS team at York University. The unfiltered samples were transported to the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Monks Wood, UK, where they were extracted with hexane, cleaned up by alumina column chromatography, concentrated and then analysed for CBs by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and PCBs and OCs by Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection (GC-ECD).12 years ago
- This dataset contains data on insects observed visiting flowers of three crops (apples, field beans and oilseed rape) and responses by recorders to a questionnaire asking about their experience carrying out pollinator surveys. Data from thirteen flowering crop fields was collected by teams based at the University of Reading and the James Hutton Institute in Scotland. Data was collected by different recorders, some of whom were novice data collectors, experienced researchers or farmers and agronomists. Recorders were asked to implement three methods: pan trapping, transect walking and/or hand pollination and plant bagging. Transects involved walking a 50m transect recording floral visitors to crop flowers within a 1m squared moving observation widow next to the recorder. Pan trapping involved placing out three coloured water trap arrays along a 50m transect and then recording what flying insects were caught in the water traps at the end of the survey. Hand pollination and plant bagging involved putting mesh bags over flowers to exclude visitation by insects, hand pollinating crop flowers and counting and marking flowers with cable ties. Data were collected between April and July 2015 from sites across the UK.12 years ago
- The datasets contains species presence and background points, and their associated environmental data for non-native common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis). These data are included for local and national scale modelling of likelihood of species presence, as used in the modelling software MaxEnt. The .asc files included are the raw spatial data of parameters (i.e., distance to nearest road) used in modelling at various local regions, from which SWD 'samples with data' were extracted. Outputs from the local MaxEnt models produced the .txt files included. These serve as landscape layer inputs (habitat suitability and movement cost layers) for modelling population growth and spatial spread in the Individual based modelling platform, RangeShifter. Subsequent outputs of projected population growth (number of individuals per landscape cell) and x/y coordinates for each cell, are presented in files with the prefix Pop.csv and avg.csv (averaged data over 50 replicate runs).12 years ago
- This dataset presents modelled estimates of soil carbon concentration (g kg-1) at 1km2 resolution across Great Britain. A Generalized Additive Model approach was used with Countryside Survey soil carbon data from 2007 and including climate, atmospheric deposition, habitat, soil and spatial predictors. The model is based on soil carbon data from 2446 locations across Great Britain and is representative of 0-15 cm soil depth. Loss-on-ignition (LOI) was determined by combustion of 10g dry soil at 375 degrees Celsius for 16 hours; carbon concentration was estimated by multiplying LOI by a factor of 0.55. The Countryside Survey looks at a range of physical, chemical and biological properties of the topsoil from a representative sample of habitats across the UK. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of counts of pollinating insects from sites across Wales, with associated information on flower cover and survey conditions. Data were collected during (1) transect walks and (2) timed observations of pollinator-flower interactions. Data were collected between 2013 and 2016 from sites across Wales as part of the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP). The monitoring programme was set up by the Welsh Government to monitor the effects of the Glastir agri-environment scheme on the environment. The field survey element was based on a stratified random sampling design of 300 x 1km square sites across Wales, and was managed by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.12 years ago
- This dataset contains field data on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, microbial community composition, crop yield and growth and soil biochemical properties. The field trial consisted of three different treatments of control, conventional microplastic addition and biodegradable microplastic addition where winter barley was grown. The data presented are from field and laboratory measurements. Data was collected by the data authors. The field trial was carried out from September 2020 to July 2021 at Henfaes Field Centre, UK. Research was funded through NERC Grant NE/V005871/1. Do agricultural microplastics undermine food security and sustainable development in developing countries?12 years ago
- Phenotypes for Scots pine mother trees and their cones/seed from 21 populations across Scotland in 2007. The seed was used to establish a long-term multisite common garden trial at three nurseries/field sites12 years ago
- The Environmental Change Network (ECN) coarse-grain and woodland protocols were used to assess the vegetation within the deer exclosure plots at the ECN Wytham site. In the ECN coarse-grain protocol, 2m x 2m plots are randomly selected on the site. Species presence is recorded in each of the 25 40cm x 40cm cells within the plots. In the ECN woodland protocol seedlings, diameter at breast height (dbh), tree height and dominance are recorded in 10m x 10m plots. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.12 years ago
- This data set is a combination of trapping data, tracking data, vegetation/habitat data and data on the gut microbiome composition of wild rodents caught in 4 ha study site in Holly Hill in Wytham Woods, Oxford, UK, from November 2018 to November 2019. Three species of rodents were trapped with Sherman live-traps fortnightly for 12 months: wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus), yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) and bank vole (Myodes glaerolus). Upon capture, they were measured, weighted, sexed, aged and a faecal sample was collected from all rodent individuals for microbiome analyses. All rodents were released to their location of capture. First time each individual was captured, they were injected with a permanent subcutaneous Radio-Frequency Identification(RFID)-tag (Passive Integrated Transponder-tag). The tagged rodents were subsequently tracked from February to November 2019 with a set of 120 custom-made tracking devices (loggers). Loggers recorded to time-stamped presence of any tagged individual that passed near it, producing occurrence data suitable for inferring spatiotemporal activity patterns of rodents, such as temporal niches, home ranges and social networks. Bacterial DNA extracted from faecal samples were used to profile their gut microbiome composition. The study area was surveyed for vegetation and microhabitat variation by gathering habitat data of each 10 x 10 m grid square across the 4 ha plot. Data included list of plant species (visible in late May), coverage by the main ground cover types, canopy openness and amount of dead wood in each grid square. This work was funded by a NC3Rs Fellowship to Sarah Knowles, and NERC independent Research Fellowship to Sarah Knowles (NE/L011867/1)12 years ago
- This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements at two sites in a rural location in South Lanarkshire. The sites are located in a dwelling, one site is inside and the other is outside in the garden area . The garden backs onto grassland which is part of a large dairy farm. The ammonia measurements are taken from a set of UKCEH ALPHA® (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) samplers from November 2018 to January 2021. Samplers are exposed in monthly cycles at the beginning of each month.12 years ago
- This dataset contains pH, turbidity and viral concentration information in untreated and treated wastewater samples at wastewater discharge points and wastewater treatment plants along the Conwy River. The aim of the data collection was to investigate diurnal changes in enteric virus concentrations in wastewater and to investigate any correlation with wastewater pH and turbidity. Untreated wastewater samples were collected at one wastewater treatment plant for two events. Treated wastewater samples were collected at two wastewater discharge points for two and three sampling events, respectively. All the sampling took place between July 2016 and March 2017. During a sampling events, samples were collected every two hours for 72 hours using autosamplers. Samples were collected by trained members of staff from Bangor University and Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH). The data were collected as part of the VIRAQUA project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) under the Environmental Microbiology and Human Health (EMHH) Programme (NE/M010996/1).12 years ago
- This dataset is from an array of tensiometers measuring soil water tension installed at the Llyn Hir monitoring site within the Pontbren study site in mid Wales, UK. Three tensiometers were installed at 10 cm, 30 cm, and 50 cm depth and sampled every 10 minutes between September 2008 to December 2009 as part of the Pontbren Catchment Study Land Use and Management Multi-Scale Experimental Programme. The Llyn Hir site is an area of unimproved grassland adjacent to the Llyn Hir rain gauge and Llyn Hir outflow stream gauging site (Site 8). Soil water tension data (cm H2O) are provided in the form of .txt files and generally split into 6 month blocks. Associated with each data point in the .txt file is a quality assurance code, QA code, in the adjacent column. Details of the dataset and the quality assurance coding system are provided in the supporting documentation. Datasets from the rain gauges and stream monitoring system at the Llyn Hir site are also provided by the EIDC.12 years ago
- This dataset contains information about meteorological conditions and ammonia concentration and deposition rates resulting from an experimental setup. An NH3 enhancement experiment along with a full suite of multi-height meteorological measurements was established in a tropical forest in central Sri Lanka. Under suitable wind conditions measured at the meteorological tower, NH3 is released towards two monitoring transects. Along the downwind monitoring transects, NH3 concentrations in the air are measured using monthly passive samplers. Deposition rates are modelled using a bi-directional resistance model based on measured NH3 concentrations in the air, micrometeorology and plant physiology. Additionally, NH3 concentrations were measured at high temporal resolution at a fixed downwind distance from the source to achieve the target enhancement concentrations. The work was supported by UKRI GCRF South Asian Nitrogen Hub (Grant NE/S009019/1).12 years ago
- This dataset contains the critical load and level values for designated habitats and species (where there is an appropriate match) at protected sites across the UK. The data is available for designated interest features for the following designations: (i) Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) (ii) Special Protection Areas (SPA) (iii) Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) - England only. Critical loads and levels are set under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution. For nutrient nitrogen critical loads are based on empirical evidence, mainly observations from experiments and targeted gradient studies. These empirical critical loads are assigned to habitat classes of the European Nature Information System (EUNIS) to enable consistency of habitat terminology and understanding across Europe. In order the assign the relevant critical load to Annex I features, SSSI habitat features, or habitats of Annex II/SPA features, habitat correspondence tables are used to determine the relationship between the EUNIS classes for which nitrogen critical loads are set and the interest features. Critical loads of acidity are based on soil and habitat types. They are set for six Broad Habitats; acid grassland, calcareous grassland, dwarf shrub heath, bogs, montane, unmanaged coniferous and broadleaved woodland. Critical Levels for air pollutants are not habitat specific and have been set to cover broad vegetation types (e.g. forest arable, semi-natural), often with critical values set for sensitive lichens and bryophytes. They have been derived from experiments and observation that show varied effects on vegetation including visible injury symptoms of exposure and species composition changes in semi-natural vegetation.12 years ago
- This data set contains UK-wide maps of ten different among-model ensemble approaches for two services: above ground Carbon stock and water supply. The data for Carbon comes as fourteen TIF maps for above ground carbon storage at a 1-km2 resolution with associated world files: ten approaches, with a double option for two of those, together with maps of variation among models and among ensembles. For water, the data comes as one shapefile with polygons per watershed, each polygon containing these fourteen estimates. For all maps, 600dpi jpg depictions are added to the supporting information. Directory location independent layer files are included to aid scaling and providing the colour palettes. Ensemble output maps were calculated with different approaches following the supporting documentation and associated publication. Uncertainty estimates for these services are included as variation among contributing model outputs and among the employed ensemble approaches. The work was completed under the ‘EnsemblES - Using ensemble techniques to capture the accuracy and sensitivity of ecosystem service models’ project (NE/T00391X/1) funded by the UKRI Landscape Decisions programme.12 years ago
- The data set contains multi-temporal aerial imagery for two river segments in the Philippines. Imagery covers: (i) the downstream segment of the Bislak River and (ii) the confluence of the Abuan, Bintacan and Pinacanauan de Ilagan Rivers (referred to as ‘Ilagan’ in this data resource). Repeat aerial surveys were completed in 2019 and 2020. The data coverage includes the river channels, floodplains and surrounding areas. Raw aerial images were processed to produce spatially corrected orthoimagery (see supporting documentation). The resulting orthoimagery has a 0.2 m spatial resolution, containing information on the red, green and blue (RGB) bands. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and Department of Science and Technology - Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development (DOST-PCIEERD) – Newton Fund grant NE/S003312.12 years ago
- Data comprise plot details and radionuclide activity concentrations for Sr-90, Cs-137, Am-241, Pu-238, Pu-239 and Pu-240 in ‘grassy’ vegetation and soil. These radionuclide activity concentrations have been used to make estimations of total weighted absorbed doses to grassy vegetation, deciduous trees and bacteria; no dose rate estimates for grassy vegetation have been made for those sites where grassy vegetation was absent. Radiation from the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident killed coniferous trees in a 4-6 km2 area of forest to the west of the power plant. This area is now known as the 'Red Forest’ and it has subsequently regenerated with understorey vegetation and deciduous trees; it is the most anthropogenically contaminated radioactive ecosystem on Earth. In July 2016 a severe fire burnt (to varying degrees) c. 80 percent of the Red Forest; this presented a unique opportunity to study the impact of radiation on the recovery of forest ecosystems exposed to a secondary stressor (fire). To investigate this, in September 2017 the RED FIRE project set up sixty study plots in the Red Forest (in burnt and unburnt areas) with a further nine plots established close to Buriakivka village (approximately 8 km from the Red Forest). Vegetation samples from each plot were harvested using shears in September 2017. Each sample was sorted into ‘grassy’ and ‘other’ vegetation; these were air-dried (20-25 degrees Celsius) and the grassy vegetation samples homogenised prior to radionuclide analyses. Soil core samples collected in September 2017 were bulked, homogenised and sub-samples taken for determination of pH and percentage moisture determined by oven drying (approximately 60 degrees Celsius) to a constant mass. The remaining soil sample was used for the determination of radionuclide activity concentrations; prior to analyses, these samples were dried at approximately 80 degrees Celsius. This work was funded by the NERC, Grant Ref: NE/P015212/1 (RED FIRE: Radioactive Environment Damaged by fire: a Forest In Recovery)12 years ago
- Plant occupancy data from a survey of a disturbed urban habitat. The survey is an occupancy study of the vascular plants of 16 500 x 500 m (0.25 km2) urban grid cells, stratified by quadrant at the scale of the focal city (Sheffield, England) in order to provide more even coverage. Few systematic, randomised surveys at fine spatial grain exist for urban habitats, and even fewer of these surveys are in the public domain. This study was designed as a systematic florula (i.e. a small flora) of a relatively discrete urban habitat in order to provide a baseline that would enable robust insights into future environmental change. In addition, the dataset is likely to be useful for comparative studies of plant traits, particularly those of highly disturbed habitats.12 years ago
- Site indices, as a relative measure of the actual population size, for UK butterfly species calculated from data from the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Site indices are a relative rather than an absolute measure of the size of a population, and have been shown to relate closely to other, more intensive, measures of population size such as mark, release, recapture (MRR) methods. The site index can be thought of as a relative measure of the actual population size, being a more or less constant proportion of the number of butterflies present. The proportion seen is likely to vary according to species; some butterfly species are more conspicuous and thus more easily detected, whereas others are much less easy to see. Site indices are only calculated at sites with sufficient monitoring visits throughout the season, or for targeted reduced effort surveys (timed observations, larval web counts and egg counts) where counts are generally obtained as close to the peak of the flight period as possible and are subsequently adjusted for the time of year and size of the site (area of suitable habitat type for a given species). Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) sites are thus excluded because they are based on very few visits from which accurate indices of abundance cannot currently be calculated. For transect sites a statistical model (a General Additive Model, 'GAM') is used to impute missing values and to calculate a site index. Each year most transect sites (over 90%) produce an index for at least one species and in recent years site indices are calculated for almost 1,500 sites across the UK. Site indices are subsequently collated to contribute to the overall 'Collated Index' for each species, which are relative measures of the abundance of each species across a geographical area, for example, across the whole UK or at country level in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. Individual site indices are important in informing conservation management as not all sites show the same patterns for each species and likely reflect a combination of local climate and habitat management at the site. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.12 years ago
- Spatial mapping of surficial soil organic carbon storage and stocks across Great British saltmarshesThe geospatial dataset maps organic carbon (OC) storage (kg OC m-2) and OC stocks (tonnes OC) of surficial soils across 438 Great British saltmarshes. The OC density for the surficial soils (top 10 cm) is mapped across 451.65 km2 of saltmarshes, identified from current saltmarsh maps of Great Britain’s three constituent countries; Scotland, England and Wales The spatial maps are built upon surficial (top 10 cm) soil bulk density and carbon data produced by the NERC C-Side project and Marine Scotland data combined with existing saltmarsh vegetation maps. The work was carried out under the NERC programme - Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environment (C-SIDE), NERC grant reference NE/R010846/1.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of a 25m resolution raster version of the Land Cover Map 2000 for Northern Ireland. Each 25m pixel represents a 25m area of land cover target class, broadly representing Broad Habitats (see below). The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2000. LCM2000 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. LCM2000 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2000 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2000 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions.12 years ago
- This dataset consists of metal concentrations measured from soils sampled across Great Britain in 1998. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.12 years ago
- This dataset combines daily automated weather station (AWS) from the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales The data are on relative humidity (percent), air temperature (degrees Celsius), rainfall (millimetres), air pressure (millibars), net radiation (millivolts), solar radiation (Kilowatts per square metre per second), photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), (micromol per square metre per second), wind speed (metres per second) and wind direction (degrees). These data are an extension for the Daily automated weather station dataset (1998-2015) for the time period July 2015 to August 2016. Data were not collected between 9th October 2015 and 3rd November 2015 due to problems with the sensors. Data are recorded in minute intervals. Up to January 2016 the data were averaged hourly, after January 2016 data were averaged half hourly. Data are then to averaged to daily values, which are reported here. Data collection, processing and quality checking was carried out by members of CEH Bangor staff. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported data are collected to monitor site specific environmental conditions and their development with time. These data are important to interpret results that are collected from the climate change manipulations imposed in the field.12 years ago
- Data are presented from an ozone exposure experiment performed on two African crops. The crops (beans and sweet potato) were exposed to three different levels of ozone in the heated UK CEH Bangor solardomes. The experiment ran from June 2019 to October 2019. The crop plants were grown from seed (beans) or plug plants (sweet potato), in pots in solardomes. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the impact of ozone exposure on the crop yield and plant health. The dataset comprises of manually collected data on plant physiology, biomass and yield. In addition the automatically logged data of ozone concentration and meteorological variables in the solardomes are presented. Plant physiology data is stomatal conductance of individual leaves, measured on an ad-hoc basis. The dataset includes the associated data measured by the equipment (relative humidity, leaf temperature, photosynthetically active radiation). Soil moisture of the pots was always measured at the same time, and chlorophyll content of the measured leaf was usually, but not always, determined at the same time. Yield of beans and sweet potato was determined for each plant. The ozone and meteorological dataset is complete, but with some gap-filling for short periods when the computer was not logging data. The work was carried out as part of the NERC funded SUNRISE project (NE/R000131/1).12 years ago
- This dataset contains modelled vegetation carbon output from the land surface model JULES, along with the temperature and rainfall outputs (which were originally inputted) at a monthly, 1.5km resolution. There are four different JULES simulations, using two different climate projections (global climate sensitivity of 3.5K and highest global climate sensitivity of 7.1K) under a constant, present day atmospheric CO2 and a CO2 pathway that follows the SRES (Special Report on Emissions Scenarios) A1B scenario.12 years ago
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