The Reference Observatory of Basins for INternational hydrological climate change detection (ROBIN) dataset is a global hydrological dataset containing publicly available daily flow data for 2,418 gauging stations across the globe which have natural or near-natural catchments. Metadata is also provided alongside these stations for the Full ROBIN Dataset consisting of 3,060 gauging stations. Data were quality controlled by the central ROBIN team before being added to the dataset, and two levels of data quality are applied to guide users towards appropriate the data usage. Most records have data of at least 40 years with minimal missing data with data records starting in the late 19th Century for some sites through to 2022. ROBIN represents a significant advance in global-scale, accessible streamflow data. The project was funded the UK Natural Environment Research Council Global Partnership Seedcorn Fund - NE/W004038/1 and the NC-International programme [NE/X006247/1] delivering National Capability