This dataset comprises soil and environmental data for multiple European grassland soil samples which had been subjected to multiple climatic disturbances in the laboratory (including temporal responses to heat, freezing, flooding and drought). The data include information on sample provenance (site, replicate, treatments imposed, site description, etc.); measured metrics including functional measures (greenhouse gas fluxes, enzymes) and soil properties; and accession numbers for molecular data submitted to the European Nucleotide Archive.