This paper publication covers the production of raw milk, fresh processed milk and milk powder/UHT for domestic consumption and export. This paper deals with milk from cattle only, excluding milk from other sources such as goat, sheep and plant-based milks. This study is focussed primarily on understanding the risks associated with road and rail freight activity and the movement of freight carrying milk from cattle across Australia and other comparable economies. Key Australian freight metrics, as well as other key findings, are benchmarked against New Zealand and Canada. The National Freight and Supply Chain Strategy website can be found here: https://www.freightaustralia.gov.au/a-closer-look/international-supply-chain-benchmarking