Tabular Summaries - Communities at Risk As part of Montana DNRC’s Montana Wildfire Risk Assessment (MWRA), wildfire risk to homes, commercial buildings, and other structures was assessed across the state. The purpose of this assessment is to identify the counties and communities whose structures are most threatened by wildfire—both on average and in total.  The risk-to-structures methods used for this assessment are identical to the methods used for structures within the overall MWRA project. See earlier section 3.4.1 of the report (page 20) for details. This portion of the report addresses only the tabular summaries. The summary methods used in this section were customized to the MWRA results from similar methods previously developed for the Pacific Northwest Risk Assessment (PNRA) and for the national Wildfire Risk to Communities (WRC) project.   Mean Risk to Structures  We calculated the Mean Risk to Structures as the product of Mean Conditional Risk to Structures and Mean Burn Probability (multiplied by 1000 to remove decimal places).  This is the primary variable by which the summary polygons are ranked. Like the components used to calculate it, Mean Risk to Structures is not a cumulative measure for a summary polygon, so it does not necessarily increase as the number or importance of structures increases. It represents the average of the structures in the polygon regardless of the total number or importance of structures.  Total Structure Risk  We calculated Total Structure Risk as the product of Mean Risk to Structures and Total Structure Importance.  This is the secondary variable by which the summary polygons are ranked. Unlike the previous measures, the total importance of structures (their number and mean importance) strongly influences Total Structure Risk.  The risk-to-structures results were summarized for two primary sets of summary polygons:  MT Counties MT Communities Expanded Area Each set of summary polygons captures nearly all structures in Montana, without overlap. In the MT Counties set, a summary polygon is an individual county (e.g. Ravalli County). In the MT Communities (core plus zone combined) set called MT Communities Expanded Area, a summary polygon is the community core plus the zone surrounding the core (as defined below).  Expanded Areas include populated areas outside of official community boundaries that are closer to the selected community than to any other community.  Long definition: Populated areas not within the boundaries of a community were associated with the community to which they were closest, as measured by travel time. Travel time is influenced by road networks, associated travel speeds, and physical barriers such as water. Populated areas greater than 45 minutes travel time from any community are not included within the Expanded Area for any community. For this assessment, a community core was defined as a Populated Place Area (PPA) as identified by the U.S. Census Bureau. PPAs include incorporated cities and towns as well as Census Designated Places (CDPs). A CDP is an unincorporated concentration of population—a statistical counterpart to incorporated cities and towns. There are 364 PPAs across Montana. Of those, 127 (35 percent) are incorporated cities or towns, and 235 (65 percent) are CDPs. Two PPAs—Butte-Silver Bow and Anaconda-Deer Lodge—are unique in that they represent the balance of a county that is not otherwise incorporated; they are much larger in size than most PPAs. In the PPA dataset, the CDPs represent the location of highest concentration of population for a community; they do not include the less-densely populated areas surrounding the PPA. We refer to the U.S. Census PPA delineation as the community “core.” Approximately 66 percent of Montana’s total structure importance can be found within these PPA core areas (Figure A.1 of the Montana Wildfire Risk Assessment report). To include the populated area and structures surrounding the PPAs, Ager and others (2019) used a travel-time analysis to delineate the land areas closest by drive-time to each PPA core, up to a maximum of 45 minutes travel time. Approximately 33 percent of Montana’s total structure importance can be found within 45 minutes travel time of the cores. Only 1 percent of the total structure importance is not within 45-minutes travel time of any community core.