Abstract: Direct CO2 emissions of EDF Group companies, by country, related to electricity and heat production. These are direct emissions, excluding the life cycle assessment (LCA) of the means of production and fuels. Units are expressed in ktonnes. Data consolidated according to EDF's shareholding in Group companies, including investments in associates and joint ventures. When the "World" perimeter is specified, it refers to the countries in which EDF is present. Detailed description: EDF is a Group comprising a number of companies and affiliates. To consult the simplified organisation chart of the Group, click here. Also, when we want to get an overall view of the Group's energy production, for example, we have to carry out what is called a consolidation of all our affiliates’ production. For this purpose, two consolidation methods are possible: Consolidation by full integration Only the affiliates over which EDF has control are consolidated. In this financial approach, subsidiaries are consolidated at 100%, regardless of their ownership rate. Entities over which EDF does not have control are therefore not consolidated at all. Net consolidation (or sometimes called patrimonial) All affiliates are consolidated, provided that EDF holds a stake in them. They are then consolidated according to EDF's share of ownership.